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Acute kidney injury with neurological features: Beware of the star fruit and its caramboxin
We present a case of a 51-year-old male with paresis and altered mental status. Screening for neurological diseases such as stroke, Guillain-Barre, meningitis and encephalitis were negative. In the evolution, he developed acute kidney failure and was submitted to 4 dialysis sessions. After talking to the family, we discovered he had ingested over 50 star fruits prior to the acute neurologic deficits. He recovered renal function so a renal biopsy was not required. Physicians should actively look for star fruit ingestion history in patients presenting with unexplained acute kidney injury with or without neurological features...
Source: Indian Journal of Nephrology - January 7, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Matheo A . M. Stumpf Adriana F. M. Schuinski Gilberto Baroni Maikel Ramthun Source Type: research

Qing-Kai-Ling Injection Induces Immediate Hypersensitivity Reaction via the Activation of Anaphylatoxin C3
Conclusion: QKLI-IHR is complement activation-related pseudoallergy, rather than an IgE-mediated allergy. QKLI activates C3 and might consequently provoke mast cells to release histamine, which is a principal effector of its IHR. The pseudoallergic reaction induced by QKLI was attributed to the extract of Isatidis Radix. This study suggests a potential therapeutic strategy for the prophylaxis and treatment of QKLI-IHR.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - January 8, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Understanding the neurotropic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2: from neurological manifestations of COVID-19 to potential neurotropic mechanisms
AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a disease caused by the novel betacoronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), has become a global pandemic threat. The potential involvement of COVID-19 in central nervous system (CNS) has attracted considerable attention due to neurological manifestations presented throughout the disease process. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 is structurally similar to SARS-CoV, and both bind to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor to enter human cells. Thus, cells expressing ACE2, such as neurons and glial cells may act as targets and are thus vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we have reviewed ...
Source: Journal of Neurology - May 25, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Potentially Reversible and Recognizable Acute Encephalopathic Syndromes: Disease Categorization and MRI Appearances ADULT BRAIN
SUMMARY: "Encephalopathy" is a vague term that encompasses varying definitions, often with a nonspecific clinical presentation and numerous possible pathophysiologic causes. Hence, MR imaging plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis and treatment by identifying imaging patterns when there is limited clinical history in such patients with acute encephalopathy. The aim of this review was to aid in remembrance of etiologies of potentially reversible acute encephalopathic syndromes on MR imaging. The differential includes vascular (reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome, transient global amnesia, disseminated intrava...
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - August 11, 2020 Category: Radiology Authors: Koksel, Y., McKinney, A. M. Tags: ADULT BRAIN Source Type: research

SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Symptoms of the Nervous System and Implications for Therapy in Neurological Disorders
AbstractIn this paper, the neurological aspects of COVID-19 are presented, which may be of significance for physicians. Knowledge about the neurological symptoms of COVID-19 infection should help physicians in diagnoses and in taking appropriate precautions, as some manifestations can appear before typical pulmonary symptoms. Various mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion are discussed and symptoms are described, which can be subdivided into manifestations of the central nervous system (CNS) (headache, dizziness, stroke, impaired consciousness, encephalitis, meningitis, seizures) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) (charac...
Source: Neurology and Therapy - May 22, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Severe chickenpox disease and seroprevalence in Sweden – implications for general vaccination
Chickenpox is the clinical manifestation of primary infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV) and a mild disease in the vast majority of cases. However, complications occur, primarily bacterial infections of vesicles, sometimes with deeper infection and sepsis, as well as neurological complications; e.g. encephalitis, meningitis, or classically acute cerebellitis with ataxia. Rare complications such as pneumonitis, hepatitis and haemorrhagic complications may occur (Gershon et al., 2018). There is even an increased risk of stroke in the time period 6 months after a chickenpox episode (Thomas et al., 2014).
Source: International Journal of Infectious Diseases - August 8, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: K Widgren, L Persson Berg, A M örner, L Lindquist, A Tegnell, J Giesecke, M Studahl Source Type: research

Incidence, prevalence and disability associated with neurological disorders in Italy between 1990 and 2019: an analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
ConclusionsThe increase in YLDs associated with neurological conditions is mostly due to population ageing and growth: nevertheless, lived disability and, as a consequence, impact on health systems has increased. Actions are needed to improve outcome and mitigate disability associated with neurological conditions, spanning among diagnosis, treatment, care pathways and workplace interventions.
Source: Journal of Neurology - September 8, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Indolent nonendemic central nervous system histoplasmosis presenting as an isolated intramedullary enhancing spinal cord lesion
CONCLUSION: Disseminated histoplasmosis should be considered in granulomatous disease, even if the patient resides in a nonendemic region. Furthermore, clinicians should be mindful that CNS histoplasmosis may present in an atypical fashion.PMID:34513158 | PMC:PMC8422457 | DOI:10.25259/SNI_345_2021
Source: Surgical Neurology International - September 13, 2021 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Matthew J Recker Steven B Housley Lindsay J Lipinski Source Type: research

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