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Statistical methods for studying disease subtype heterogeneity
A fundamental goal of epidemiologic research is to investigate the relationship between exposures and disease risk. Cases of the disease are often considered a single outcome and assumed to share a common etiology. However, evidence indicates that many human diseases arise and evolve through a range of heterogeneous molecular pathologic processes, influenced by diverse exposures. Pathogenic heterogeneity has been considered in various neoplasms such as colorectal, lung, prostate, and breast cancers, leukemia and lymphoma, and non‐neoplastic diseases, including obesity, type II diabetes, glaucoma, stroke, cardiovascular d...
Source: Statistics in Medicine - December 1, 2015 Category: Statistics Authors: Molin Wang, Donna Spiegelman, Aya Kuchiba, Paul Lochhead, Sehee Kim, Andrew T. Chan, Elizabeth M. Poole, Rulla Tamimi, Shelley S. Tworoger, Edward Giovannucci, Bernard Rosner, Shuji Ogino Tags: Tutorial in Biostatistics Source Type: research

The idea you can be fat but fit is 'a myth' study argues
ConclusionThis was a large prospective cohort study from Sweden, which was carried out in young adult males who were then followed for a period of around 29 years. The study found that lower levels of aerobic fitness were associated with risk of early death, but that this risk of death was greater for those with a high BMI, even if they had a high level of aerobic fitness. This study has a number of strengths and limitations. The limitations are that a large number of participants had missing smoking data and therefore it was not possible to control for the confounding effect of smoking. The lower fitness level group with...
Source: NHS News Feed - December 21, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Food/diet Obesity Source Type: news

How Terrified Should We Be?
After every terrorist attack we go through a period of overwhelming fear that we will individually be the target of terrorism. Recently a man told me that he will avoid going to crowded areas of the city because he fears being killed by a terrorist. A woman fears flying because she fears the plane will be blown up by a terrorist. Years ago, after 9/11, a woman told me that she feared "Arab-looking men" in the subway. And, after 9/11, years ago, a family moved to Colorado from New York City because of their fear of terrorism. Fear pervaded the lives of many people and, once again, after the attack in San Bernardino, Califor...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - December 23, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Sugary drinks linked to increased fat levels around vital organs
Conclusion This US cohort study found drinking sugar-sweetened beverages on a daily basis is associated with the highest increase in fat accumulation around the abdominal organs, compared with people who do not consume them. But there was an average increase in the amount of this fat in all people who took part in the study, although this was lowest in people who never consumed sugar-sweetened beverages. The study was prospective, which limits some sources of bias, but it has some limitations. For example, the food frequency questionnaire was only conducted once, at baseline. The results are therefore reliant on the p...
Source: NHS News Feed - January 12, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Food/diet Diabetes Heart/lungs Obesity Source Type: news

Statement on new CMO guidelines on low risk drinking
Alcohol Research UK welcomes the new guidelines by the UK Chief Medical Officers and calls for a public debate to increase understanding on the levels of risk associated with alcohol consumption. Alcohol Research UK welcomes the new CMO guidelines on low-risk drinking, which are strongly informed by recent research on the health effects of alcohol consumption at all levels. The evidence of the association between alcohol and cancer has become stronger in recent years and shows that some cancer risks start to increase with any amount of alcohol consumption – though those risks are usually low to start with.  Acknowle...
Source: Alcohol Research UK - January 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Julie Symes Tags: News guidelines risk risk factors Source Type: news

2016 Moon Shot for Cancer: Focus on Prevention
It is now 2016, and Americans hope for a brighter, healthier new year. Are Americans healthier today than they were last year or the year before? Will there be fewer people diagnosed with cancer? According to the American Cancer Society, it is projected that in 2016 there will be 1,685,210 new cancer cases and 595,690 deaths due to cancer. This is an increase over previous years. While it is true that the death rate for several cancers has decreased (due mostly to better screening and earlier diagnosis), it is also true that several cancers are on the rise, including cancers of the thyroid, liver, pancreas, kidney, small i...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - February 1, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Young women with high-fibre diet may have lower breast cancer risk
ConclusionThis large and long-term cohort study showed that women with the top fifth highest average fibre intake during adolescence and early adulthood were around 25% less likely to develop premenopausal breast cancer decades later than those in the bottom fifth.This raises the suggestion that young women might be able to significantly lower their risk of breast cancer – the most common cancer in the UK – simply through eating more high-fibre foods such as fruits and vegetables.However, it’s worth noting a few points before accepting these promising results at face value. Total dietary fibre intake in adolescen...
Source: NHS News Feed - February 2, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Cancer Food/diet Source Type: news

Adele Is 'Healthier Than She's Ever Been.' Here's How She Got There.
Of all Adele's many stellar qualities, her willingness to speak candidly and frankly about her life -- and her health -- is one of the top.  In a new interview with Vogue (she's the mag's March cover star), the songstress once again opened up. You may have already heard that she gave up her smoking habit when she was forced to undergo surgery on her vocal chords in 2011. As it turns out, she has since made some other pretty big changes toward a healthier lifestyle, too:  ...Adele is healthier than she has ever been. As well as the litany of foods and drink she has to avoid to protect her throat, sh...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - February 12, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

How Alcohol Use Affects Health
You may have heard of Dry January, a campaign run in the U.K. by Alcohol Concern. To promote alcohol awareness, it involves (as you’ve likely gathered) completely abstaining from alcohol for the month of January. It’s a valuable campaign with noble intentions, but a minority of participants may unfortunately miss the wider point. A month of strict abstinence does lead some to drink more than they should come February 1. Remaining alcohol free for a month is an achievement which deserves to be rewarded, but compensatory drinking is not what Dry January is trying to advocate. A healthy attitude towards consumption (not ...
Source: Psych Central - February 13, 2016 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Dr. Wayne Osborne Tags: Addictions Alcoholism General Healthy Living Substance Abuse Abstinence Alcohol Abuse Alcoholic beverage Binge Drinking Drinking culture Liver disease Liver health Long-term effects of alcohol Moderation National Council on Alc Source Type: news

Serum nitrate and nitrite are associated with the prevalence of various chronic diseases except cancer.
CONCLUSION: Thus, fasting concentrations of NOx in serum can be an important diagnostic parameter characteristic for specific chronic diseases. PMID: 26899180 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Angiology - February 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Tags: Int Angiol Source Type: research

Visceral Fat Triggers Heart Disease
I tell my patients to avoid drinking soda not just because they make you fat. Each sip of soda affects your health. Soda puts you at risk for health problems like metabolic syndrome. This is a collection of symptoms that can lead to diabetes, heart disease and other chronic diseases, like cancer. Soft drinks are the beverage of choice for millions of Americans. The latest research now reveals that sodas are a major cause of visceral fat — the deadliest kind of fat you can have, inflaming your tissues, rotting your blood vessels and upsetting your body chemistry. In a minute I’m going to tell you about a great healthy ...
Source: Al Sears, MD Natural Remedies - February 29, 2016 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Al Sears Tags: Heart Health heart disease metabolic syndrome Visceral Fat Source Type: news

Pretty Much Nobody In The U.S. Leads A Healthy Lifestyle
Only 2.7 percent of U.S. adults hit the four key metrics of living a healthy lifestyle -- abstaining from smoking, eating well, exercising and maintaining a healthy body fat percentage -- according to a disheartening new study. The study's lifestyle benchmarks for health weren't particularly high. Being smoke-free, exercising moderately and eating USDA recommended foods don't seem like particularly difficult marks to hit. So why do so many Americans fall short of living healthy lives?  "That is the million dollar question," Ellen Smit, a senior author of the study and an associate professor at the Oregon State Un...
Source: Science - The Huffington Post - March 25, 2016 Category: Science Source Type: news

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for osteoradionecrosis.
Authors: Cooper PD, Smart DR Abstract Dr Sames and colleagues are to be commended on their thought-provoking article about regional variation in hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) provision for oro-facial osteoradionecrosis (ORN) across Australia and New Zealand. The four-fold difference between jurisdictions requires further elucidation. As co-directors of the only comprehensive hyperbaric facility in Tasmania, the state with the highest ORN treatment rate, we believe a number of issues pertaining to the Australian situation warrant further consideration. 1. Disease prevalence Comparisons between regions require c...
Source: Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine - April 7, 2016 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Diving Hyperb Med Source Type: research

Our Global Food Challenges: The Decade to Act
This article was originally published with the Medical Journal of Australia. -- This feed and its contents are the property of The Huffington Post, and use is subject to our terms. It may be used for personal consumption, but may not be distributed on a website.
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - April 11, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Educational Levels and Risk of Suicide in Japan: The Japan Public Health Center Study (JPHC) Cohort I.
CONCLUSIONS: High educational levels were associated with a reduced risk of suicide for both Japanese men and women. PMID: 27064129 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Epidemiology - April 12, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Tags: J Epidemiol Source Type: research