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Cofilin activation in pancreatic acinar cells plays a pivotal convergent role for mediating CCK-stimulated enzyme secretion and growth
Conclusion: These results support the conclusion that cofilin activation plays a pivotal convergent role for various cell signaling cascades in CCK mediated growth/enzyme secretion in pancreatic acini.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 17, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

ASIC1a involves the acid-mediated activation of pancreatic stellate cells associated with autophagy induction
In this study, we investigated the effect of acid exposure on the activation and autophagy of PSCs, and the role of ASIC1a in these events. The results showed that acidic medium upregulated the expression of ASIC1a, induced PSCs activation and autophagy, which can be suppressed by inhibiting ASIC1a using PcTx1 or ASIC1a knockdown, suggesting that ASIC1a involves these two processes. In addition, the acid-induced activation of PSCs was impaired after the application of autophagy inhibitor alone or in combination with ASIC1a siRNA, meaning a connection between autophagy and activation. Collectively, our study provides eviden...
Source: Physiological Research - December 22, 2022 Category: Physiology Authors: T Wang Q Wang G Pan G Jia X Li C Wang L Zhang C Zuo Source Type: research

Yes-Associated Protein 1 Plays Major Roles in Pancreatic Stellate Cell Activation and Fibroinflammatory Responses
Conclusion: Our data suggest a central role for YAP in sustaining the activated phenotype and fibroinflammatory responses in PaSC. Moreover, our findings indicate that a complex crosstalk between YAP, TGFβ1, and PDGF pathways regulates PaSC activity and growth.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 2, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

The JAK/STAT Pathway in Skeletal Muscle Pathophysiology
Conclusion and Perspectives The IL-6/JAK/STAT signaling cascade plays a dominant role in skeletal muscle pathophysiology. IL-6 autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine functions assign to its downstream effectors pivotal importance in skeletal muscle-wasting-associated diseases and other multiple system diseases where muscle acts in communication with other organs. Targeting the components of the JAK/STAT pathway recently emerged as a strategic approach for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and human cancer. This review highlights the opposite outcomes on muscle biology caused by the amount of local and systemic release ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 29, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Increasing Upstream Chromatin Long –Range Interactions May Favor Induction of Circular RNAs in LysoPC-Activated Human Aortic Endothelial Cells
We examined the sponging potential of all significantly changed circRNAs using the CircInteractome database (Montefiori et al., 2018), recording two miRNAs with four or more predicted binding sites in a single circRNA transcript, a threshold above which meaningful sponging activity is likely to occur Memczak et al. (2013). Another four significantly changed circRNAs are experimentally shown to sponge miRNAs (Dudekula et al., 2016; Chen et al., 2017; Yan et al., 2017; Wang et al., 2018), for six total circRNAs with miRNA sponging activity including miR125, miR143, miR1272, miR153, miR515-5p, and miR196a-5p (Table 4). In Fig...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 17, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Systems Biology Approaches and Precision Oral Health: A Circadian Clock Perspective
Conclusion Most head and neck pathologies show a broad cellular heterogeneity making it difficult to achieve an accurate diagnosis and efficient treatment (Graf and Zavodszky, 2017; Lo Nigro et al., 2017). Single cell analysis of circadian omics (Lande-Diner et al., 2015; Abraham et al., 2018), may be a crucial tool needed in the future to fully understand the circadian control of head and neck diseases. It becomes more obvious that there is only a small genetic component but a largely unknown epigenetics and/or environmental component for most of the head and neck pathologies (Moosavi and Motevalizadeh Ardekani, 2016; He...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Transcriptomic and CRISPR/Cas9 technologies reveal FOXA2 as a tumor suppressor gene in pancreatic cancer.
Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a very aggressive cancer, with low survival rates and limited therapeutic options. Thus, the elucidation of signaling pathways involved in PDAC pathogenesis is essential to identify novel potential therapeutic gene targets. Here, we used a systems approach by integrating gene and microRNA profiling analyses together with CRISPR/Cas9 technology, to identify novel transcription factors involved in PDAC pathogenesis. FOXA2 transcription factor was found to be significantly down-regulated in PDAC relative to control pancreatic tissues. Functional experiments revealed...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - May 4, 2016 Category: Physiology Authors: Vorvis C, Hatziapostolou M, Mahurkar-Joshi S, Koutsioumpa M, Williams J, Donahue TR, Poultsides GA, Eibl G, Iliopoulos D Tags: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol Source Type: research

ANO1 (TMEM16A) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the worst survival rates of all cancers. ANO1 (TMEM16A) is a recently identified Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channel (CaCC) that is upregulated in several tumors. Although ANO1 was subject to extensive studies in the recent years, its pathophysiological function has only been poorly understood. The aim of the present study is to establish the significance of ANO1 in PDAC behavior and demarcate its roles in PDAC from those of the volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC). We performed qPCR and Western blot measurements on different PDAC cell lines (Panc-1, Mia PaCa...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - August 28, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Sauter DR, Novak I, Pedersen SF, Larsen EH, Hoffmann EK Tags: Pflugers Arch Source Type: research