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The cGAS-STING signaling pathway contributes to the inflammatory response and autophagy in Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis.
In this study, we showed that the cGAS-STING signaling pathway was activated in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) and in mouse corneas infected with A. fumigatus. Knockdown of cGAS reduced A. fumigatus-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-β. However, reconstruction of cGAS activity restored the inflammatory response in HCECs infected with A. fumigatus. A specific cGAS inhibitor, RU.521, could also significantly inhibit A. fumigatus-induced inflammatory cytokine expression. In addition, we found that cGAS was indispensable for the autophagy flux evoked by A. fumigat...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - November 20, 2020 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Han F, Guo H, Wang L, Zhang Y, Sun L, Dai C, Wu X Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

Repression of microRNA-21 inhibits retinal vascular endothelial cell growth and angiogenesis via PTEN dependent-PI3K/Akt/VEGF signaling pathway in diabetic retinopathy.
This study is performed to explore the effects of microRNA-21 (miR-21) on retinal vascular endothelial cell (RVEC) viability and angiogenesis in rats with DR via the phosphatidylinositiol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway by binding to phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used for establishment of DR models. Target relationship between miR-21 and PTEN was assessed by bioinformatics prediction in combination with dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Identification of expression of miR-21, PTEN and PI3K/Akt/VEGF signaling pathway-r...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - November 20, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Lu JM, Zhang ZZ, Ma X, Fang SF, Qin XH Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

A novel role for CRIM1 in the corneal response to UV and pterygium development.
In this study, a Northern Irish family affected by pterygium but reporting little direct exposure to UV was identified carrying a missense variant in CRIM1 NM_016441.2: c.1235 A > C (H412P) through whole-exome sequencing and subsequent analysis. CRIM1 is expressed in the developing eye, adult cornea and conjunctiva, having a role in cell differentiation and migration but also in angiogenesis, all processes involved in pterygium formation. We demonstrate elevated CRIM1 expression in pterygium tissue from additional individual Northern Irish patients compared to unaffected conjunctival controls. UV irradiation of HCE-...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - October 23, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Maurizi E, Schiroli D, Atkinson SD, Mairs L, Courtney DG, O'Hagan B, McGilligan VE, Pagnamenta AT, Taylor JC, Vasquez JJD, Illanes-Velarde DE, Goldsmith D, Gouws P, Moore JE, Nesbit MA, Moore CBT Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

In vitro evaluation of anti HSV ‐1 siRNAs and in vivo evaluation of electroporation to transfect siRNAs on murine cornea
ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that siRNA directed against HSV‐1 DNA polymerase efficiently inhibits HSV‐1 replication, suggesting that siRNA based antiviral strategy may be a potential therapeutic alternative to treat HSK. Besides, intracorneal penetration may be facilitated by electroporation.
Source: Acta Ophthalmologica - September 13, 2016 Category: Opthalmology Authors: A. Rousseau, V. Escriou, P. Roy, N. Poccardi, J. Takissian, P. Bigey, M. Labetoulle Tags: Abstracts from the 2016 European Association for Vision and Eye Research Conference Source Type: research

Aspergillus fumigatus promotes T helper type 2 responses through thymic stromal lymphopoietin production by human corneal epithelial cells
ConclusionThese findings suggested that HCEC‐derived TSLP has a key role in adaptive immune responses of fungal keratitis via skewing Th2 differentiation and promoting humoral immunity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - January 13, 2016 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Luping Wang, Leyi Wang, Xinyi Wu Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Angiopoietin-Like Protein 2 Is a Potent Hemangiogenic and Lymphangiogenic Factor in Corneal Inflammation Cornea
Conclusions. Our findings demonstrated Angptl2 to be upregulated in corneal inflammation, and highlight that corneal hemangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis may be driven by Angptk2 overexpression via macrophage infiltration and IL-1β expression. Angptl2 may be a novel therapeutic target for preventing blindness.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - June 26, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Toyono, T., Usui, T., Yokoo, S., Kimakura, M., Nakagawa, S., Yamagami, S., Miyata, K., Oike, Y., Amano, S. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

Moesin as a key cytoskeleton regulator in corneal fibrosis.
CONCLUSIONS: : Moesin may be a potential drug target for inhibiting corneal fibrosis, and the details of moesin-related signaling pathways would be critical for understanding corneal fibrosis. PMID: 23583046 [PubMed - in process]
Source: The Ocular Surface - April 1, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Zhu HY, Yeo SW, Ng J, Htoon HM, Beuerman RW Tags: Ocul Surf Source Type: research