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Vitamin D suppresses macrophage infiltration by down-regulation of TREM-1 in diabetic nephropathy rats
This study intends to investigate the effect of active vitamin D (VD) on the expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) in the renal tissues of diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats and to explore the impact of TREM-1 on macrophage adhesion and migration. We find that the expressions of TREM-1 and CD68 protein are higher in DN rats compared with rats in the normal control group and that these changes are decreased in the DN + VD group. In vitro, the capacity for macrophage adhesion and migration and the expression of TREM-1 are increased under high-glucose conditions, but VD inhibits this progress....
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - July 10, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Maternal 25 ‐hydroxyvitamin D is inversely correlated with foetal serotonin
ConclusionsThese observations provide the first evidence of an inverse relationship between maternal 25(OH)D and foetal serotonin concentrations. We propose that maternal vitamin D deficiency increases foetal serotonin concentrations and thereby contributes to longer‐term neurocognitive impairment in infants and children.
Source: Clinical Endocrinology - December 18, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Padma Murthi, Miranda Davies ‐Tuck, Martha Lappas, Harmeet Singh, Joanne Mockler, Rahana Rahman, Rebecca Lim, Bryan Leaw, James Doery, Euan M. Wallace, Peter R. Ebeling Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

1,25-Dihydroxy vitamin D3 stimulates system A amino acid transport in primary human trophoblast cells
In conclusion, 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 regulates System A activity through increased mRNA expression of SNAT2 transporters. Effects on placental amino acid transport may be the mechanism underlying the association between maternal vitamin D status and fetal growth.
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - December 15, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Maternal 25 ‐hydroxyvitamin D is inversely correlated with fetal serotonin
ConclusionsThese observations provide the first evidence of an inverse relationship between maternal 25(OH)D and fetal serotonin concentrations. We propose that maternal vitamin D deficiency increases fetal serotonin concentrations and thereby contributes to longer‐term neurocognitive impairment in infants and children.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Clinical Endocrinology - October 31, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Padma Murthi, Miranda Davies ‐Tuck, Martha Lappas, Harmeet Singh, Joanne Mockler, Rahana Rahman, Rebecca Lim, Bryan Leaw, James Doery, Euan M Wallace, Peter R Ebeling Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Klotho-Related Protein KLrP: Structure and Functions.
We describe here that KL-related protein (KLrP), which is composed of a single GH motif, is a cytosolic β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase, EC 3.2.1.145). We detected a neutral conduritol B epoxide (CBE)-insensitive glucosylceramide (GlcCer)-degrading activity in the cytosol fractions of human fibroblasts, rat brains, and zebrafish embryos. KL family proteins emerged as a potent candidate for the neutral GCase using a bioinformatics approach. Recombinant human KLrP, but not α-KL, β-KL, or KLPH, exhibited GCase activity with a neutral pH optimum in the presence of CBE. We solved the crystal structures of KLrP and a KLrP mutant ...
Source: Vitamins and Hormones - May 1, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Hayashi Y, Ito M Tags: Vitam Horm Source Type: research

Vitamin D and its receptor regulate lipopolysaccharide ‐induced transforming growth factor‐β, angiotensinogen expression and podocytes apoptosis through the nuclear factor‐κB pathway
ConclusionsVitamin D and its receptor might be involved in the progression of diabetic nephropathy by regulating transforming growth factor‐β, angiotensinogen expression and apoptosis of podocytes. The processes are mediated through the signaling of nuclear factor‐κB pathway. Vitamin D and its receptor may be involved in the progression of diabetic nephropathy by regulating transforming growth factor‐β and angiotensinogen expression, and as well as the apoptosis of podocytes. The processes are mediated via the signaling of nuclear factor ‐κB pathway.
Source: Journal of Diabetes Investigation - March 31, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lijuan Xu, Pengyuan Zhang, Hongyu Guan, Zhimin Huang, Xiaoying He, Xuesi Wan, Haipeng Xiao, Yanbing Li Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Vitamin D and its receptor regulate lipopolysaccharide‐induced transforming growth factor‐β, angiotensinogen expression and podocytes apoptosis via the nuclear factor‐κB pathway
ConclusionsVitamin D and its receptor may be involved in the progression of diabetic nephropathy by regulating transforming growth factor‐β, angiotensinogen expression and apoptosis of podocytes. The processes are mediated via the signaling of nuclear factor ‐κB pathway.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Journal of Diabetes Investigation - January 1, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lijuan Xu, Pengyuan Zhang, Hongyu Guan, Zhimin Huang, Xiaoying He, Xuesi Wan, Haipeng Xiao, Yanbing Li Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and extracellular calcium promote mineral deposition via NPP1 activity in a mature osteoblast cell line MLO-A5
Publication date: 5 September 2015 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Volume 412 Author(s): Dongqing Yang , Andrew G. Turner , Asiri R. Wijenayaka , Paul H. Anderson , Howard A. Morris , Gerald J. Atkins While vitamin D supplementation is common, the anabolic mechanisms that improve bone status are poorly understood. Under standard mineralising conditions including media ionised calcium of 1.1 mM, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D) enhanced differentiation and mineral deposition by the mature osteoblast/pre-osteocyte cell line, MLO-A5. This effect was markedly increased with a higher ionised calcium level (1.5�...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - June 26, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Calcitriol prevents in vitro vascular smooth muscle cell mineralization by regulating Calcium-Sensing Receptor expression.
In conclusion, these findings suggest that nanomolar concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3 induce a CaSR-dependent protection against VC. Both lower and higher concentrations are either ineffective or may even promote VC. Whether this also holds true in the clinical setting requires further study. PMID: 25763635 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Endocrinology - March 12, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Mary A, Hénaut L, Boudot C, Six I, Brazier M, Massy ZA, Drüeke TB, Kamel S, Mentaverri R Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

The active form of vitamin D, calcitriol, induces a complex dual upregulation of endothelin and nitric oxide in cultured endothelial cells
Despite the presence of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in endothelial cells, the effect of vitamin D on endothelial function is unknown. An unbalanced production of vasoactive endothelial factors such as nitric oxide (NO) or endothelin-1 (ET-1) results in endothelial dysfunction, which can alter the normal cardiovascular function. Present experiments were devoted to assess the effect of active vitamin D (calcitriol) on the synthesis of endothelial vasoactive factors. The results were that, in cells, calcitriol increased ET-1 and NO productions, which were measured by ELISA and fluorimetric assay, respectively. Calcitriol also in...
Source: AJP: Endocrinology and Metabolism - December 15, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Martinez-Miguel, P., Valdivielso, J. M., Medrano-Andres, D., Roman-Garcia, P., Cano-Penalver, J. L., Rodriguez-Puyol, M., Rodriguez-Puyol, D., Lopez-Ongil, S. Tags: Articles Source Type: research