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Source: PLoS One
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Total 74 results found since Jan 2013.
Interleukin-6 Induces Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C Expression via Src-FAK-STAT3 Signaling in Lymphatic Endothelial Cells
In this study, we explored the causal role of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in inducing VEGF-C expression in IL-6-stimulated murine LECs (SV-LECs). FAK signaling blockade by NSC 667249 (a FAK inhibitor) attenuated IL-6-induced VEGF-C expression and VEGF-C promoter-luciferase activities. IL-6’s enhancing effects of increasing FAK, ERK1/2, p38MAPK, C/EBPβ, p65 and STAT3 phosphorylation as well as C/EBPβ-, κB- and STAT3-luciferase activities were reduced in the presence of NSC 667249. STAT3 knockdown by STAT3 siRNA abrogated IL-6’s actions in elevating VEGF-C mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, Src-FAK signaling blockade ...
Source: PLoS One - July 5, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yu-Han Huang Source Type: research
Thromboxane A2 Regulates CXCL1 and CXCL8 Chemokine Expression in the Nasal Mucosa–Derived Fibroblasts of Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients
Conclusion and Implications Our study provides the first evidence for abundant TP receptor and CXCL1/8 expression in human CRSsNP mucosa and for TXA2 stimulation inducing CXCL1/8 expression in nasal fibroblasts primarily through TP receptor, cAMP/PKA, PKCμ/PKD, and CREB-related pathways.
Source: PLoS One - June 27, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yih-Jeng Tsai Source Type: research
TASK-1 Regulates Apoptosis and Proliferation in a Subset of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers
by Katharina Leithner, Birgit Hirschmugl, Yingji Li, Bi Tang, Rita Papp, Chandran Nagaraj, Elvira Stacher, Philipp Stiegler, Jörg Lindenmann, Andrea Olschewski, Horst Olschewski, Andelko Hrzenjak
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide; survival times are poor despite therapy. The role of the two-pore domain K+ (K2P) channel TASK-1 (KCNK3) in lung cancer is at present unknown. We found that TASK-1 is expressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines at variable levels. In a highly TASK-1 expressing NSCLC cell line, A549, a characteristic pH- and hypoxia-sensitive non-inactivating K+ current w...
Source: PLoS One - June 12, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Katharina Leithner Source Type: research
MicroRNA-27 Prevents Atherosclerosis by Suppressing Lipoprotein Lipase-Induced Lipid Accumulation and Inflammatory Response in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice
by Wei Xie, Liang Li, Min Zhang, Hai-Peng Cheng, Duo Gong, Yun-Cheng Lv, Feng Yao, Ping-Ping He, Xin-Ping Ouyang, Gang Lan, Dan Liu, Zhen-Wang Zhao, Yu-Lin Tan, Xi-Long Zheng, Wei-Dong Yin, Chao-Ke Tang
Atherosclerotic lesions are lipometabolic disorder characterized by chronic progressive inflammation in arterial walls. Previous studies have shown that macrophage-derived lipoprotein lipase (LPL) might be a key factor that promotes atherosclerosis by accelerating lipid accumulation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. Increasing evidence indicates that microRNA-27 (miR-27) has beneficial effects on lipid metabolism and...
Source: PLoS One - June 2, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wei Xie Source Type: research
Smooth Muscle-Alpha Actin Inhibits Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Migration by Inhibiting Rac1 Activity
by Lihua Chen, Allison DeWispelaere, Frank Dastvan, William R. A. Osborne, Christine Blechner, Sabine Windhorst, Guenter Daum
Smooth muscle alpha-actin (SMA) is a marker for the contractile, non-proliferative phenotype of adult smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Upon arterial injury, expression of SMA and other structural proteins decreases and SMCs acquire a pro-migratory and proliferative phenotype. To what extent SMA regulates migration and proliferation of SMCs is unclear and putative signaling pathways involved remain to be elucidated. Here, we used lentiviral-mediated gene transfer and siRNA technology to manipulate expres...
Source: PLoS One - May 12, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Lihua Chen Source Type: research
MAP3K19 Is a Novel Regulator of TGF-β Signaling That Impacts Bleomycin-Induced Lung Injury and Pulmonary Fibrosis
by Stefen A. Boehme, Karin Franz-Bacon, Danielle N. DiTirro, Tai Wei Ly, Kevin B. Bacon
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, debilitating disease for which two medications, pirfenidone and nintedanib, have only recently been approved for treatment. The cytokine TGF-β has been shown to be a central mediator in the disease process. We investigated the role of a novel kinase, MAP3K19, upregulated in IPF tissue, in TGF-β-induced signal transduction and in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. MAP3K19 has a very limited tissue expression, restricted primarily to the lungs and trachea. In pulmonary tissue, ex...
Source: PLoS One - May 3, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Stefen A. Boehme Source Type: research
Reshaping the Cone-Mosaic in a Rat Model of Retinitis Pigmentosa: Modulatory Role of ZO-1 Expression in DL-Alpha-Aminoadipic Acid Reshaping
by Wan-Qing Yu, Yun Sung Eom, Jung-A Shin, Divya Nair, Sara X. Z. Grzywacz, Norberto M. Grzywacz, Cheryl Mae Craft, Eun-Jin Lee
In S334ter-line-3 rat model of Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP), rod cell death induces the rearrangement of cones into mosaics of rings while the fibrotic processes of Müller cells remodel to fill the center of the rings. In contrast, previous work established that DL-alpha-aminoadipic-acid (AAA), a compound that transiently blocks Müller cell metabolism, abolishes these highly structured cone rings. Simultaneously, adherens-junction associated protein, Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) expression forms in a...
Source: PLoS One - March 15, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wan-Qing Yu Source Type: research
Heat Shock Protein 27 Plays a Pivotal Role in Myofibroblast Differentiation and in the Development of Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis
by Ah-Mee Park, Kyosuke Kanai, Tatsuki Itoh, Takao Sato, Tatsuya Tsukui, Yutaka Inagaki, Moises Selman, Kouji Matsushima, Osamu Yoshie
Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) is a member of the small molecular weight HSP family. Upon treatment with transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), we observed upregulation of HSP27 along with that of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), a marker of myofibroblast differentiation, in cultured human and mouse lung fibroblasts. Furthermore, by using siRNA knockdown, we demonstrated that HSP27 was involved in cell survival and upregulation of fibronectin, osteopontin (OPN) and type 1 collagen, all f...
Source: PLoS One - February 9, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ah-Mee Park et al. Source Type: research
PKD2 and RSK1 Regulate Integrin β4 Phosphorylation at Threonine 1736
by Lisa te Molder, Arnoud Sonnenberg
The integrin α6β4, a major component of hemidesmosomes (HDs), stabilizes keratinocyte cell adhesion to the epidermal basement membrane through binding to the cytoskeletal linker protein plectin and association with keratin filaments. Disruption of the α6β4-plectin interaction through phosphorylation of the β4 subunit results in a reduction in adhesive strength of keratinocytes to laminin-332 and the dissolution of HDs. Previously, we have demonstrated that phosphorylation of T1736 in the C-terminal end of the β4 cytoplasmic domain disrupts the interaction of β4 with the plakin d...
Source: PLoS One - November 18, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Lisa te Molder et al. Source Type: research
Angiotensin-(1-7) Attenuates Kidney Injury Due to Obstructive Nephropathy in Rats
Conclusion Ang-(1–7) prevents obstructive nephropathy by suppressing renal apoptosis and fibrosis, possibly by regulating TGF-β1/Smad signaling and cell cycle arrest via suppression of AT1R expression. In addition, Ang-(1–7) increased and decreased ACE2 and TACE expression, respectively, which could potentially mediate a positive feedback mechanism via the Mas receptor.
Source: PLoS One - November 10, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Chang Seong Kim et al. Source Type: research
Effects of SOX2 on Proliferation, Migration and Adhesion of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells
This study indicated that SOX2 could improve the cell proliferation, migration and adhesion ability of DPSCs through regulating gene expression about cell cycle, migration and adhesion, and provided a novel strategy to develop seed cells with strong proliferation, migration and adhesion ability for tissue engineering.
Source: PLoS One - October 23, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Pengfei Liu et al. Source Type: research
Expression and Function of mARC: Roles in Lipogenesis and Metabolic Activation of Ximelagatran
In conclusion, our data indicate that mARC1 and mARC2 have different developmental expression profiles, and that mARC2 is involved in lipogenesis, is regulated by nutritional status and responsible for activation of ximelagatran into a mitotoxic metabolite(s).
Source: PLoS One - September 17, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Etienne P. A. Neve et al. Source Type: research
In Vivo Silencing of A20 via TLR9-Mediated Targeted SiRNA Delivery Potentiates Antitumor Immune Response
by Floriane C. M. Braun, Jens van den Brandt, Sören Thomas, Sandra Lange, Juliane Schrank, Claudia Gand, Grzegorz K. Przybylski, Katrin Schmoeckel, Barbara M. Bröker, Christian A. Schmidt, Piotr Grabarczyk
A20 is an ubiquitin-editing enzyme that ensures the transient nature of inflammatory signaling pathways induced by cytokines like TNF-α and IL-1 or pathogens via Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways. It has been identified as a negative regulator of dendritic cell (DC) maturation and attenuator of their immunostimulatory properties. Ex vivo A20-depleted dendritic cells showed enhanced expression of pro-inflammatory cyto...
Source: PLoS One - September 1, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Floriane C. M. Braun et al. Source Type: research
Protein Phosphatase 2A in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Murine Lymphatic Endothelial Cells
In this study, we explored the mechanisms by which lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression in murine lymphatic endothelial cells (SV-LECs). LPS caused increases in cox-2 mRNA and protein levels, as well as in COX-2 promoter luciferase activity in SV-LECs. These actions were associated with protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), JNK1/2 and p38MAPK activation, and NF-κB subunit p65 and C/EBPβ phosphorylation. PP2A-ASK1 signaling blockade reduced LPS-induced JNK1/2, p38MAPK, p65 and C/EBPβ phosphorylation. Transfection with PP2A siRNA reduced LPS’s effects o...
Source: PLoS One - August 28, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yu-Fan Chuang et al. Source Type: research
Caveolin-1 Dependent Endocytosis Enhances the Chemosensitivity of HER-2 Positive Breast Cancer Cells to Trastuzumab Emtansine (T-DM1)
In this study, the relationship between caveolin-1 expression and the chemosensitivity of HER-2-positive breast cancer cells to T-DM1 was investigated. Samples from 32 human breast cancer biopsy and normal tissue specimens were evaluated immunohistochemically for caveolin-1 expression. Caveolin-1 was shown to be expressed in 68% (22/32) of the breast cancer specimens. In addition, eight (72.7%, 8/11) HER-2 positive breast cancer specimens had a higher caveolin-1 expression than normal tissues. HER-2-positive BT-474 and SKBR-3 breast cancer cells that express low and moderate levels of caveolin-1, respectively, were treated...
Source: PLoS One - July 14, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yuan-Chiang Chung et al. Source Type: research
