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Source: PLoS One
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Total 74 results found since Jan 2013.
EGF-Induced VEGF Exerts a PI3K-Dependent Positive Feedback on ERK and AKT through VEGFR2 in Hematological < i > In Vitro < /i > Models
This study investigated the crosstalk between EGFR and VEGFR2 signaling in two hematologicalin vitro models: THP1, a human monocytic leukemia, and Raji, a Burkitt ’s lymphoma, cell lines. Results showed that both cell lines express EGFR and VEGFR2 and responded to EGF stimulation by activating EGFR, triggering VEGF production and phosphorylating ERK, AKT, and p38 very early, with a peak of expression at 10–20min. Blocking EGFR using Tyrphostin resulted in inhibiting EGFR induced activation of ERK, AKT, and p38. In addition, EGF stimulation caused a significant and immediate increase, within 1min, in pVEGFR2 in both cel...
Source: PLoS One - November 1, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Lilian Saryeddine Source Type: research
Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and the ERK Pathway Drive Chemerin Expression in Response to Hypoxia in Cultured Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells
ConclusionHypoxia activates chemerin expression in cultured HCAECs. Hypoxia-induced chemerin expression is mediated by TNF-alpha and at least in part by the ERK pathway. Chemerin increases early processes of angiogenesis by HCAECs after hypoxic treatment.
Source: PLoS One - October 27, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Su-Kiat Chua Source Type: research
P2Y < sub > 1 < /sub > Receptor Signaling Contributes to High Salt-Induced Priming of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
ConclusionHigh extracellular NaCl induces priming of the NLRP3 inflammasome in RPE cells, in part via P2Y1 receptor signaling. The inflammasome priming effect of NaCl suggests that high intake of dietary salt may promote local retinal inflammation implicated in the development of AMD.
Source: PLoS One - October 26, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Philipp Prager Source Type: research
Tomosyn Negatively Regulates Arginine Vasopressin Secretion in Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Neurons
by Seiji Takeuchi, Shintaro Iwama, Hiroshi Takagi, Atsushi Kiyota, Kohtaro Nakashima, Hisakazu Izumida, Haruki Fujisawa, Naoko Iwata, Hidetaka Suga, Takashi Watanabe, Kozo Kaibuchi, Yutaka Oiso, Hiroshi Arima, Yoshihisa Sugimura
Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is secreted via exocytosis; however, the precise molecular mechanism underlying the exocytosis of AVP remains to be elucidated. To better understand the mechanisms of AVP secretion, in our study we have identified proteins that bind with a 25 kDa synaptosomal-associated protein (SNAP25). SNAP25 plays a crucial role in exocytosis, in the posterior pituitary. Embryonic ste...
Source: PLoS One - October 11, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Seiji Takeuchi Source Type: research
Protocadherin-1 Localization and Cell-Adhesion Function in Airway Epithelial Cells in Asthma
ConclusionsIn conclusion, PCDH1 is localized to the cell membrane of bronchial epithelial cells baso-lateral to the adherens junction. Expression of PCDH1 is not reduced nor delocalized in asthma even though PCDH1 contributes to homotypic adhesion, epithelial barrier formation and repair.
Source: PLoS One - October 3, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Grissel Faura Tellez Source Type: research
Arachidonic Acid Metabolite 19(S)-HETE Induces Vasorelaxation and Platelet Inhibition by Activating Prostacyclin (IP) Receptor
In this study we show that 19(S)-HETE induces cAMP accumulation in the human megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line MEG-01. This effect was concentration-dependent with an EC50 of 520 nM, insensitive to pharmacological inhibition of COX-1/2 and required the expression of the G-protein Gs. Systematic siRNA-mediated knock-down of each G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) expressed in MEG-01 followed by functional analysis identified the prostacyclin receptor (IP) as the mediator of the effects of 19(S)-HETE, and the heterologously expressed IP receptor was also activated by 19(S)-HETE in a concentration-dependent manner with an EC...
Source: PLoS One - September 22, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Sorin Tunaru Source Type: research
The Anoikis Effector Bit1 Inhibits EMT through Attenuation of TLE1-Mediated Repression of E-Cadherin in Lung Cancer Cells
by Xin Yao, Tri Pham, Brandi Temple, Selena Gray, Cornita Cannon, Renwei Chen, Asim B. Abdel-Mageed, Hector Biliran
The mitochondrial Bcl-2 inhibitor of transcription 1 (Bit1) protein is part of an anoikis-regulating pathway that is selectively dependent on integrins. We previously demonstrated that the caspase-independent apoptotic effector Bit1 exerts tumor suppressive function in lung cancer in part by inhib iting anoikis resistance and anchorage-independent growthin vitro and tumorigenicityin vivo. Herein we show a novel function of Bit1 as an inhibitor cell migration and epithelial –mesenchymal transition (EMT) in ...
Source: PLoS One - September 20, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Xin Yao Source Type: research
Up-Regulated Expression of LAMP2 and Autophagy Activity during Neuroendocrine Differentiation of Prostate Cancer LNCaP Cells
In this study, we used LNCaP prostate cancer cells cultured in a serum-free medium for 6 days as a NE model of prostate cancer. Serum deprivation inc reased the expression of NE markers such as neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and βIII tubulin (βIII tub) and decreased the expression of the androgen receptor protein in LNCaP cells. Using cDNA microarrays, we compared gene expression profiles of NE cells and non-differentiated LNCaP cells. We identi fied up-regulation of 155 genes, among them LAMP2, a lysosomal membrane protein involved in lysosomal stability and autophagy. We then confirmed up-regulation of LAMP2 in NE cells...
Source: PLoS One - September 13, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Cecilia Morell Source Type: research
Trichostatin A Inhibits Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition Induced by TGF- β1 in Airway Epithelium
ConclusionsWe showed that EMT is induced by TGF- β1 in airway epithelial cells and nasal tissue via activation of HDAC2 and HDAC4, and that inhibition of HDAC2 and HDAC4 by TSA reduces TGF-β1-induced EMT. This observation indicates that histone deacetylase inhibitors such as TSA could be potential candidates for treatment of recalcitrant CRS rel ated with tissue remodeling.
Source: PLoS One - August 28, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Il-Ho Park Source Type: research
The Hippo/MST Pathway Member SAV1 Plays a Suppressive Role in Development of the Prehierarchical Follicles in Hen Ovary
by Zhichao Lyu, Ning Qin, Thobela Louis Tyasi, Hongyan Zhu, Dehui Liu, Shuguo Yuan, Rifu Xu
The Hippo/MST signaling pathway is a critical player in controlling cell proliferation, self-renewal, differentiation, and apoptosis of most tissues and organs in diverse species. Previous studies have shown that Salvador homolog 1 (SAV1), a scaffolding protein which functions in the signaling sys tem is expressed in mammalian ovaries and play a vital role in governing the follicle development. But the exact biological effects of chicken SAV1 in prehierarchical follicle development remain poorly understood. In the present study, we...
Source: PLoS One - August 8, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Zhichao Lyu Source Type: research
Modified AS1411 Aptamer Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Up-Regulating Galectin-14
by Yuri Cho, Yun Bin Lee, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Dong Hyeon Lee, Eun Ju Cho, Su Jong Yu, Yoon Jun Kim, Jong In Kim, Jong Hun Im, Jung Hwan Lee, Eun Ju Oh, Jung-Hwan Yoon
Aptamers are small synthetic oligonucleotides that bind to target proteins with high specificity and affinity. AS1411 is an aptamer that binds to nucleolin, which is overexpressed in the cytoplasm and occurs on the surface of cancer cells. We investigated the therapeutic potential of aptamers in h epatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by evaluating anti-tumor effects and confirming the affinity and specificity of AS1411- and modified AS1411-aptamers in HCC cells. Cell g...
Source: PLoS One - August 4, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yuri Cho Source Type: research
Induction of Connective Tissue Growth Factor Expression by Hypoxia in Human Lung Fibroblasts via the MEKK1/MEK1/ERK1/GLI-1/GLI-2 and AP-1 Pathways
by Yi Cheng, Chien-huang Lin, Jing-Yun Chen, Chien-Hua Li, Yu-Tin Liu, Bing-Chang Chen
Several reports have indicated that hypoxia, GLI, and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) contribute to pulmonary fibrosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. We investigated the participation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) kinase 1 (MEKK1)/MEK1/ERK1/GLI-1/2 and activator protei n-1 (AP-1) signaling in hypoxia-induced CTGF expression in human lung fibroblasts. Hypoxia time-dependently increased CTGF expression, which was attenuated by the small interfering RNA (siRNA) of GLI-1 (GLI-1 siRNA) and GLI-2 (GLI-2 siRNA) in ...
Source: PLoS One - August 2, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yi Cheng Source Type: research
Formation of Tankyrase Inhibitor-Induced Degradasomes Requires Proteasome Activity
by Nina Marie Pedersen, Tor Espen Thorvaldsen, Sebastian Wolfgang Schultz, Eva Maria Wenzel, Harald Stenmark
In canonical Wnt signaling, the protein levels of the key signaling mediator β-catenin are under tight regulation by the multimeric destruction complex that mediates proteasomal degradation of β-catenin. In colorectal cancer, destruction complex activity is often compromised due to mutations in the multifunctional scaffolding protein Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC), leading to a stabilization of β-catenin. Recently, tankyrase inhibitors (TNKSi), a novel class of small molecule inhibitors, were shown to re-estab...
Source: PLoS One - August 1, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Nina Marie Pedersen Source Type: research
FGF2 Stimulates COUP-TFII Expression via the MEK1/2 Pathway to Inhibit Osteoblast Differentiation in C3H10T1/2 Cells
This report is the first to suggest that FGF2 is an extracellular inducer of COUP-TFII expression and may suppress the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal cells by inducing COUP-TFII expression prior to the onset of osteogenic differentiation.
Source: PLoS One - July 11, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Mi Nam Lee Source Type: research
Ampelopsin Improves Insulin Resistance by Activating PPARγ and Subsequently Up-Regulating FGF21-AMPK Signaling Pathway
by Yong Zhou, Ying Wu, Yu Qin, Lei Liu, Jing Wan, Lingyun Zou, Qianyong Zhang, Jundong Zhu, Mantian Mi
Ampelopsin (APL), a major bioactive constituent of Ampelopsis grossedentata, exerts a number of biological effects. Here, we explored the anti-diabetic activity of APL and elucidate the underlying mechanism of this action. In palmitate-induced insulin resistance of L6 myotubes, APL treatment markedly up- regulated phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate-1 and protein kinase B, along with a corresponding increase of glucose uptake capacity. APL treatment also increased expressions of fibroblast growth factor (FGF21) and...
Source: PLoS One - July 7, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yong Zhou Source Type: research
