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Source: European Respiratory Journal
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Total 164 results found since Jan 2013.
PSGR olfactory receptor: A new potential target in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare progressive disease due to distal vascular remodeling, leading to right heart failure and death. PSGR is an olfactory receptor (OR) that has been recently detected in peripheral tissues. Moreover, PSGR overexpression is associated with pro-proliferative phenotype in prostate cancer. Since PAH vascular cells are characterized by cancer-like over-proliferation, we hypothesized that PSGR might participate in the vascular remodeling leading to PAH.Here we aimed to determine whether upregulation of PSGR is implicated in PAH pathological phenotype, and to explore PSGR as a novel th...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Courboulin, A., Quatredeniers, M., Sanz, G., Breuils-Bonnet, S., Vocelle, M., Lafond, M., Perros, F., Bonnet, S., Pajot-Augy, E., Humbert, M., Cohen-Kaminsky, S. Tags: 4.3 Pulmonary Circulation and Pulmonary Vascular Diseases Source Type: research
Regulation of actin dynamics by WNT-5A: Implications for human airway smooth muscle contraction
An important feature of asthma is airway hyperresponsiveness in which the airway smooth muscle (ASM) is fundamentally involved. How asthmatic ASM differs from healthy is a current focus for research. We have shown previously that WNT-5A is increased in asthmatic ASM. Here, we tested the hypothesis that WNT-5A is a determinant of the contractile response of ASM.Using bovine smooth muscle strips, we found that pre-incubation with WNT-5A increased maximum tension by histamine. We used human ASM cells to study the underlying mechanisms. In ASM loaded with the calcium dye Fura-2, neither direct exposure to WNT-5A nor pre-incuba...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Koopmans, T., Kumawat, K., Halayko, A., Gosens, R. Tags: 3.2 Airway Cell Biology and Immunopathology Source Type: research
A role for the accessory type III transforming growth factor {beta} receptor (Tgfbr3) in lung alveolarisation
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common complication of premature birth, characterised by arrested secondary septation. Molecular mechanisms of arrested secondary septation are not known. Members of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β growth factor superfamily are accredited with key roles in lung development and BPD. We profiled lung expression of the TGF-β signaling machinery in mice in a hyperoxia-based BPD model, and detected a down-regulation Tgfbr3 expression. Using laser-capture microdissection, Tgfbr3 mRNA expression was reduced in both the lung vascular and parenchymal compartments in response to...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Pozarska, A., Niess, G., Seeger, W., Morty, R. Tags: 3.3 Mechanisms of Lung Injury and Repair Source Type: research
LSC Abstract - Activation of FGF9 and 18 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis promote survival and migration and inhibit myofibroblast differentiation of human lung fibroblasts
Key developmental lung signaling pathways are reactivated in IPF. FGF9 and FGF18 are involved in epithelial–mesenchymal interactions and are critical for lung development.We evaluated the expression of FGF9, FGF18 and FGFR in lung tissue from controls and IPF patients and assessed their effect on proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation of control and IPF human lung fibroblasts (HLF).HLF were cultured with FGF9 and FGF18. FAS-ligand induced apoptosis was assayed by measuring cleaved-PARP expression. Expression of FGFR mRNA, α-smooth muscle actin, collagen I and MMPs was analyzed with qPCR, western...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Joannes, A., Jaillet, M., Mailleux, A., Crestani, B. Tags: 3.3 Mechanisms of Lung Injury and Repair Source Type: research
LATE-BREAKING ABSTRACT: MUC1 downregulation induces corticosteroid resistance in asthma's in vitro and in vivo models
Conclusion: MUC1 downregulation may lack the anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids in Asthma.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Morell, A., Bel, E., Milara, J., Morcillo, E., Cortijo, J. Tags: 5.1 Airway Pharmacology and Treatment Source Type: research
Rhinovirus-induced IL-33 expression in asthmatic airway smooth muscle cells is TLR3-dependent and involves activation of TAK1
Conclusions: Our data suggest that TLR3 mediates RV-induced IL-33 expression in asthmatic ASMC, possibly via TAK1 and the MAPKs/AP-1 pathway. These findings provide new understanding of how a potential therapeutic target, IL-33, is regulated in human airway cells during RV-induced asthma exacerbations.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Calven, J., Akbarshahi, H., Ramu, S., Michaeloudes, C., Chung, K. F., Uller, L. Tags: 3.2 Airway Cell Biology and Immunopathology Source Type: research
Involvement of ferroptosis in COPD pathogenesis
Conclusion: These findings suggest that CS-induced ferroptosis of HBEC is involved in COPD pathogenesis and can be a promising therapeutic target of COPD.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Yoshida, M., Minagawa, S., Araya, J., Hara, H., Saito, N., Sato, N., Tsubouchi, K., Kurita, Y., Kobayashi, K., Ito, S., Numata, T., Kaneko, Y., Nakayama, K., Kuwano, K. Tags: 3.2 Airway Cell Biology and Immunopathology Source Type: research
Role and regulation of Jumonji C domain-containing histone demethylases 1A and 2B in pulmonary hypertension
In conclusion, our results suggest that JMJDs are regulated in PH vasculature and play an important role in PH pathogenesis.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Muecke, C., Dabral, S., Seeger, W., Pullamsetti, S. S. Tags: 4.3 Pulmonary Circulation and Pulmonary Vascular Diseases Source Type: research
LSC Abstract - Histone deacetylase 7 mediated metabolic remodeling: A new crosslink between pulmonary hypertension and cancer
Pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) from Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) patients and several PH animal models are characterized by suppressed mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and hyperpolarization. Similarly to lung cancer (LC) cells, PH-PASMCs have reduced glucose oxidation and increased cytoplasmic glycolysis. Protein acetylation and its enzymes such as histone deacetylases (HDACs) may play a role in the control of metabolism.We assessed the regulation of Class IIa HDACs (HDAC4, 5, 7 and 9) in human and experimental models of PH and lung cancer. By using primary culture of healthy (control-PASMCs), idiopathic de...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gamen, E., Chelladurai, P., Grimminger, F., Savai, R., Seeger, W., Savai Pullamsetti, S. Tags: 4.3 Pulmonary Circulation and Pulmonary Vascular Diseases Source Type: research
RNA-binding protein HuR inhibits the expression of sirtuin-1 in patients with COPD
Conclusions: Our results indicate that HuR expression is inhibited by oxidative stress, suggesting a potential mechanism by which SIRT1 is reduced in COPD patients, leading to the accelerated ageing phenotype.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 6, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Baker, J. R., Vuppusetty, C., Ito, K., Barnes, P., Yasuo, K. Tags: Airway Cell Biology and Immunopathology Source Type: research
Late Breaking Abstract - ND-L02-s0201 treatment leads to efficacy in preclinical IPF models
Conclusions: Given the significant unmet medical need and our results, the safety and efficacy of ND-L02-s0201 warrants evaluation in IPF clinical trials.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 6, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Zabludoff, S., Liu, Y., Liu, J., Zhang, J., Xia, F., Quimbo, A., Yao, J., Clamme, J.-P., Pham Siegmund, A., Maruyama, K., Ying, W. Tags: Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease Source Type: research
LSC - 2017 - The role of the epigenetic regulator HMGN5 in COPD resulting from chronic lung injury
COPD, characterized by chronic bronchitis, small airway remodeling and emphysema, is one of the leading causes of chronic morbidity and mortality worldwide. Chronic lung injury, commonly caused by cigarette smoking (CS), is a major factor in its development. A role for epigenetics in this underlying pathology is emerging. We previously detected spontaneous emphysema in HMGN5-/-mice. HMGN5 binds to the nucleosomal core particle of chromatin, competing with histone H1, altering chromatin structure and affecting cellular transcription, differentiation and repair. Indeed, increased expression of HMGN5 has been observed in lung...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 6, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gunes, G., Conlon, T., Sarker, R., Burgstaller, G., Gailus-Durner, V., Fuchs, H., Hrabe de Angelis, M., Furusawa, T., Bustin, M., Eickelberg, O., Önder Yildirim, A., Dorer, J. Tags: Molecular Pathology and Functional Genomics Source Type: research
Decreased expression of FENDRR, a lung mesenchymal long non-coding RNA, regulates fibroblast phenotypes in IPF through NOX4
Conclusions: Decreased FENDRR expression may confer the altered phenotypes such as myofibroblastic differentiation and cellular senescence in IPF fibroblasts. Imbalanced redox balance, possibly through increased NOX4 levels may be involved in the mechanism.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 6, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sakamoto, K., Xylourgidis, N., Omote, N., Adams, T., Yu, G., Ahangari, F., Herazo-Maya, J., Kaminski, N., Homer, R. Tags: Molecular Pathology and Functional Genomics Source Type: research
Gene regulatory roles for lysyl oxidases in the context of BPD
We report, for the first time a transcriptome-wide analysis of gene regulation by lysyl oxidases. In the context of primary mouse lung fibroblasts, siRNA knockdown of Lox, Loxl1, and Loxl2 deregulated the expression of 134, 3,761 and 3,554 genes, respectively. Identified lysyl oxidases target-genes relevant to lung development and BPD included Mmp3, Mmp9, Eln, Rarres1, Gdf10, Ifnb1, Cxcl2, and Cxcl9. The expression of target-genes in vivo correlated with the lysyl oxidases expression in a mouse model of BPD. Moreover, using BAPN, we demonstrated that the transcriptional regulation by lysyl oxidases was independent of catal...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 6, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Mizikova, I., Palumbo, F., Morty, R., Seeger, W. Tags: Lung and Airway Developmental Biology Source Type: research
LSC - 2017 - Re-education of tumor-associated macrophages by modulating histone deacetylases in lung cancer
Conclusions: Suppression of HDAC2 switches M2-like TAMs into M1-like phenotype and regulates tumor cell functions. Modulation of HDAC2 may provide a novel strategy for TAMs repolarization and cancer therapy.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 6, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Zheng, X. Tags: Lung Cancer Source Type: research
