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Source: Cell Biology International

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Total 159 results found since Jan 2013.

Geniposide protects pancreatic β cells from high glucose-mediated injury by activation of AMP-activated protein kinase.
Abstract Our previous works indicated that geniposide could regulate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), and improved chronic high glucose-induced dysfunctions in pancreatic β cells, but the molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the role of 5 -AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in high glucose induced cell injury and explored the associated molecular mechanisms in rat INS-1 pancreatic β cells. Data suggested that geniposide obviously prevented the cell damage induced by high (25 mM) glucose in INS-1 cells, which increased the protein levels of cell apoptos...
Source: Cell Biology International - February 27, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Liu C, Cui Y, Hao S, Yin F, Zhang Y, Liu J Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

NDRG1 is important to maintain the integrity of airway epithelial barrier through claudin-9 expression.
Abstract Impairment of epithelial barrier integrity caused by environmental triggers is associated with the pathogenesis of airway inflammation. Using human airway epithelial cells, we attempted to identify molecule(s) that promote airway epithelial barrier integrity. Microarray analyses were conducted using the Affimetrix human whole genome gene chip, and we identified the N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) gene, which was induced during the development of the epithelial cell barrier. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed strong NDRG1 expression in ciliated epithelial cells in nasal tissues sampled from pa...
Source: Cell Biology International - February 12, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Gon Y, Maruoka S, Kishi H, Kozu Y, Kazumichi K, Nomura Y, Takeshita I, Oshima T, Hashimoto S Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

TNFR1 and TNFR2 differentially mediate TNF- α-induced inflammatory responses in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes.
TNFR1 and TNFR2 differentially mediate TNF-α-induced inflammatory responses in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Cell Biol Int. 2017 Feb 02;: Authors: Zhang H, Xiao W Abstract TNF-α has long been implicated in the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, how the receptors of TNF-α, namely TNFR1 and TNFR2, mediate TNF-α-induced inflammatory responses in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in RA has not been elucidated. In the present study, primary FLS cells were isolated from RA patients and treated with TNF-α in vitro. The exogenous TNF-α induced the expression and rel...
Source: Cell Biology International - February 1, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhang H, Xiao W Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

TET1 promotes cisplatin-resistance via demethylating the vimentin promoter in ovarian cancer.
Abstract The development of chemo-resistance impairs the outcome of the first line platinum-based chemotherapies for ovarian cancer. Deregulation of DNA methylation/demethylation provides a critical mechanism for the occurrence of chemo-resistance. The ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of dioxygenases including TET1/2/3 plays an important part in DNA demethylation, but their roles in cisplatin resistance have not been elucidated. Using cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell models, we found that TET1 was significantly upregulated in cisplatin-resistant CP70 cells compared with that in ...
Source: Cell Biology International - February 1, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Han X, Zhou Y, You Y, Lu J, Wang L, Hou H, Li J, Chen W, Zhao L, Li X Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

13cRA regulates the differentiation of antler chondrocytes through targeting Runx3.
Abstract Although 13cRA is involved in the regulation of cellular proliferation and differentiation, its physiological roles in chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation still remain unknown. Here we showed that 13cRA could induce the proliferation of sika deer antler chondrocytes and expression of Ccnd3 and Cdk6. Administration of 13cRA to antler chondrocytes resulted in an obvious increase in the expression of chondrocyte marker Col II and hypertrophic chondrocyte marker Col X. Silencing of Crabp2 expression by specific siRNA could prevent the 13cRA-induced up-regulation of Col X, whereas overexpression of C...
Source: Cell Biology International - January 8, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhang HL, Cao H, Yang ZQ, Geng S, Wang K, Yu HF, Guo B, Yue ZP Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

The effect of glutamate on ghrelin release in mice.
Abstract Ghrelin is abundantly produced in the stomach. Here, we found that glutamate decreased ghrelin expression and release in ghrelin-producing cells, and decreased levels of food intake and plasma acyl-ghrelin in mice. Treatment with siRNA of G protein-coupled receptor, family C, group 5, member B (GPRC5B) in ghrelin-producing cell lines completely blocked the effect of glutamate-induced ghrelin suppression. In addition, glutamate inhibited ghrelin release via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activity pathway, and stimulated CREB2 mRNA expression in ghrelin-producing cell lines. These results s...
Source: Cell Biology International - January 8, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Chacrabati R, Gong Z, Ikenoya C, Kondo D, Zigman JM, Sakai T, Sakata I Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

Nuclear co-repressor (NCoR) is required to maintain insulin sensitivity in C2 C12 myotubes.
Abstract Nuclear co-repressor (NCoR) regulate peripheral insulin sensitivity, however its role in modulating insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle remains elusive. Present study investigated protein expression and effect of NCoR on insulin sensitivity in murine skeletal muscle cell line C2 C12 . Myotubes as compared to myoblasts of C2 C12 cells was found to be more sensitive in response to insulin as increase in insulin stimulated phosphorylation of AKT at serine 473 residue (pAKT(S473) ) was significantly higher in myotubes. Incidentally, reduced protein level of NCoR coincided with differentiation of myoblasts ...
Source: Cell Biology International - December 8, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Choudhary AK, Dey CS Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

Lipopolysaccharide induces TREM-1-dependent HIF-1 α expression in human keratinocyte cell line.
Lipopolysaccharide induces TREM-1-dependent HIF-1α expression in human keratinocyte cell line. Cell Biol Int. 2016 Oct 15;: Authors: Tu C, Wang S, Hu X, Wang W, Dong Y, Xiao S, Wang X Abstract Bacterial infection is an important factor that can trigger and exacerbate psoriasis. The protein triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells type-1 (TREM-1) is overexpressed in psoriasis and decreased after a successful treatment. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), subunit of the transcription factor HIF-1, has participated in angiogenesis and inflammation in psoriasis. Increased expressions of TREM-1 ...
Source: Cell Biology International - October 14, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Tu C, Wang S, Hu X, Wang W, Dong Y, Xiao S, Wang X Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

AMPK activation by prolonged stimulation with interleukin-1 β contributes to the promotion of GLUT4 translocation in skeletal muscle cells.
AMPK activation by prolonged stimulation with interleukin-1β contributes to the promotion of GLUT4 translocation in skeletal muscle cells. Cell Biol Int. 2016 Aug 29; Authors: Takaguri A, Inoue S, Kubo T, Satoh K Abstract Impaired insulin signaling in skeletal muscle cells causes insulin resistance associated with the onset of type 2 diabetes. Although interleukin (IL)-1β has been considered to be implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, the action of prolonged stimulation with IL-1β on the insulin signaling pathway in skeletal muscle cells remains poorly understood. In the current study,...
Source: Cell Biology International - August 28, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Takaguri A, Inoue S, Kubo T, Satoh K Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

Gene expression profile analysis of dbpA knockdown in colorectal cancer cells.
CONCLUSION: dbpA knockdown in SW620 cells altered the expression of carcinogenesis-associated genes in CRC and the involvement of dbpA on CRC might through MAPK signaling pathway, which might provide valuable evidence to further investigate the correlation between dbpA expression and CRC development. PMID: 27569444 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cell Biology International - August 28, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Liu R, Wang G, Liu C, Qiu J, Yan L, Li X, Wang X Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

MiR-154 directly Suppresses DKK2 to Activate Wnt Signaling Pathway and Enhance Activation of Cardiac Fibroblasts.
Abstract Excessive proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and their transdifferentiation into myofibroblasts leads to expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), as well as excessive synthesis and secretion of collagens. This process represents an important pathological basis for myocardial fibrosis (MF). MicroRNA (miR)-154 and the Wnt signaling pathway play key roles in the above process, although their specific interactions are poorly understood. After transfecting CFs with miR-154 mimics or inhibitors, miR-154 was found to inhibit the expression of Dickkopf-related protein 2 (DKK2), while miR-154 inhibit...
Source: Cell Biology International - August 19, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Sun LY, Bie ZD, Zhang CH, Li H, Li LD, Yang J Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

H2 S inhibits apo(a) expression and secretion through PKCα/FXR and Akt/HNF4α pathways in HepG2 cells.
This study reveals that H2 S suppressed apo(a) expression and secretion via the PKCα-FXR and PI3K/Akt-HNF4α pathways. PMID: 27298021 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cell Biology International - June 13, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Qu K, Liu YM, He XL, Zhang H, Zhang K, Peng J, Tang YL, Yu XH, Zeng JF, Lei JJ, Wei DH, Wang Z Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

Identification of a distinct sub population of fibroblasts from murine dermis: CD73(-) CD105(+) as potential marker of dermal fibroblasts subset with multipotency.
In this study, we isolated dermal cells from the skin of newborn C57/B6 mice and investigated their characteristics. Isolated murine dermal cells exhibited a fibroblast phenotype as judged by accepted criteria including a lack of MSC-related antigens and the differentiation potential of MSCs, and the positive expression of fibroblast markers. A comparative analysis demonstrated that CD73(-) CD105(+) but not CD73(-) CD105(-) dermal fibroblasts exhibited some of the functional properties of MSCs. Furthermore, the multipotent phenotype of CD73(-) CD105(+) cells was diminished by treatment of CD105 siRNA and shRNA, indicating ...
Source: Cell Biology International - May 11, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Lee SB, Shim S, Kim MJ, Shin HY, Jang WS, Lee SJ, Jin YW, Lee SS, Park S Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

Oleanolic acid induces autophagic death in human gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
In this study, we found that OA induced autophagic cell death in multiple human gastric cancer cell lines. Moreover, OA-induced autophagy was shown for the first time in human gastric cancer cells, evidenced by the formation of GFP-RFP-LC3 puncta and autophagosomes. OA suppressed phospho-mTOR through inhibition of the PI3K/AKT and ERK/p38 MAPK signalling pathways and through activation of the AMPK signalling pathway. Furthermore, we found that OA-induced cytotoxicity and autophagy could be blocked by the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine or via siRNA targeting Beclin-1. Our in vivo research showed that OA delayed the for...
Source: Cell Biology International - April 13, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Nie H, Wang Y, Qin Y, Gong XG Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

Costunolide induces lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 cells apoptosis through ROS (reactive oxygen species)-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Abstract Costunolide is an active sesquiterpene lactone derived from many herbal medicines. It has a broad spectrum of bioactivities, including anti-inflammatory and potential anti-tumor effects. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the inhibitory effects of costunolide on A549 cell growth and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry analysis revealed that costunolide induced apoptosis. To study the mechanism, we found that costunolide exposure activated the unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathways, as shown by the up-regulation of GRP78 and IRE1α and th...
Source: Cell Biology International - November 26, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Wang Z, Zhao X, Gong X Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research