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Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology

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Total 116 results found since Jan 2013.

CCN1 secreted by tonsil‐derived mesenchymal stem cells promotes endothelial cell angiogenesis via integrin αvβ3 and AMPK
CCN1 is highly expressed in cancer cells and has been identified in the secretome of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSC). Although secreted CCN1 is known to promote angiogenesis, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we examined whether our recently‐established tonsil‐derived MSC (T‐MSC) secrete CCN1 and, if any, how CCN1 promotes the angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Compared with untreated control T‐MSC, a higher level of CCN1 was secreted by T‐MSC treated with activin A and sonic hedgehog, drugs known to induce endodermal differentiation. Expectedly, ...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - June 9, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Yoon Shin Park, Soojin Hwang, Yoon Mi Jin, Yeonsil Yu, Sung‐Ae Jung, Sung‐Chul Jung, Kyung‐Ha Ryu, Han Su Kim, Inho Jo Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Short‐Term Hypoxia Enhances the Migratory Capability of Dendritic Cell Through HIF‐1α and PI3K/Akt Pathway
In this study we observed an enhanced migratory capability of human monocyte‐derived DC, using in vitro migration assays performed under hypoxic conditions. Such enhancement was independent on either the chemoattractants involved or the maturation level of DC. However, HIF‐1α appeared to be crucial for the migration only of immature DC and not for mature DC under hypoxia, as indicated by HIF‐1α siRNA approaches. Furthermore, we observed that while Akt phosphorylation was enhanced in both immature and mature DC exposed to hypoxia, other signaling pathways, such as p38 and p42/p44 MAPK, were differently affected duri...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - May 12, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Irene Filippi, Emilia Morena, Carlo Aldinucci, Fabio Carraro, Silvano Sozzani, Antonella Naldini Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Autophagy Is Modulated in Human Neuroblastoma Cells Through Direct Exposition to Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields
In neurogenerative diseases, comprising Alzheimer's (AD), functional alteration in autophagy is considered one of the pathological hallmarks and a promising therapeutic target. Epidemiological investigations on the possible causes undergoing these diseases have suggested that electromagnetic fields (EMF) exposition can contribute to their etiology. On the other hand, EMF have therapeutic implications in reactivating neuronal functionality. To partly clarify this dualism, the effect of low‐frequency EMF (LF‐EMF) on the modulation of autophagy was investigated in human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells, which were also subse...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - March 27, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Nicoletta Marchesi, Cecilia Osera, Lorenzo Fassina, Marialaura Amadio, Francesca Angeletti, Martina Morini, Giovanni Magenes, Letizia Venturini, Marco Biggiogera, Giovanni Ricevuti, Stefano Govoni, Salvatore Caorsi, Alessia Pascale, Sergio Comincini Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Glucosamine‐Induced Sp1 O‐GlcNAcylation Ameliorates Hypoxia‐Induced SGLT Dysfunction in Primary Cultured Renal Proximal Tubule Cells
The aim of this study is to determine whether GlcN could recover the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐induced dysfunction of Na+/glucose cotransporter (SGLT) in renal proximal tubule cells (PTCs) under hypoxia. With the rabbit model, the renal ischemia induced tubulointerstitial abnormalities and decreased SGLTs expression in tubular brush‐border, which were recovered by GlcN. Thus, the protective mechanism of GlcN against renal ischemia was being examined by using PTCs. Hypoxia decreased the level of protein O‐GlcNAc and the expression of O‐GlcNAc transferase (OGT) while increased O‐GlcNAcase (OGA) and these we...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - March 4, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Han Na Suh, Yu Jin Lee, Mi Ok Kim, Ho Jae Han Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

P53 Dependent Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Opening Is Required for Dexamethasone‐Induced Death of Osteoblasts
Prolonged or overdose glucocorticoids (GCs) usage is the common cause of osteoporosis. In the present study, we studied the cellular mechanism of dexamethasone (Dex)‐induce osteoblast cell death by focusing on the role of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). In cultured osteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cells, Dex‐induced mPTP opening, which was demonstrated by mitochondrial membrane potential (MPP) decrease, cyclophilin‐D (CyPD)–adenine nucleotide translocator 1 (ANT‐1) mitochondrial complexation and cytochrome C (cyto‐C) release. The mPTP inhibitor sanglifehrin A (SfA) dramatically inhibited Dex‐induced...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - February 25, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Yun‐fang Zhen, Guo‐dong Wang, Lun‐qing Zhu, Shi‐ping Tan, Fu‐yong Zhang, Xiao‐zhong Zhou, Xiao‐dong Wang Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

RhoA‐Mediated Inhibition of Vascular Endothelial Cell Mobility: Positive Feedback Through Reduced Cytosolic p21 and p27
In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of 3MC‐mediated downregulation of cytosolic p21/ p27, and the effects of 3MC on RhoA activation and cell migration, in mouse cerebral vascular endothelial cells (MCVECs). Our results indicated that 3MC reduced the phosphorylation of p21/p27 through AhR/RhoA/PTEN‐mediated PI3K/Akt inactivation, which reduced cytosolic p21/p27 retention, causing RhoA activation through positive feedback. Downregulation of p21/p27 by siRNA, and cytosolic p21/p27 by the nuclear export blocker leptomycin B, further reduced cell migration in the 3MC‐treated cells. Reduced cytosolic p21/p27 expr...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - February 18, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Yung‐Ho Hsu, Chih‐Cheng Chang, Nian‐Jie Yang, Yi‐Hsuan Lee, Shu‐Hui Juan Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Adenosine Regulates the Proinflammatory Signaling Function of Thrombin in Endothelial Cells
Abstract The plasma level of the regulatory metabolite adenosine increases during the activation of coagulation and inflammation. Here we investigated the effect of adenosine on modulation of thrombin‐mediated proinflammatory responses in HUVECs. We found that adenosine inhibits the barrier‐disruptive effect of thrombin in HUVECs by a concentration‐dependent manner. Analysis of cell surface expression of adenosine receptors revealed that A2A and A2B are expressed at the highest level among the four receptor subtypes (A2B > A2A > A1 > A3) on HUVECs. The barrier‐protective effect of adenosine in ...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - January 29, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Seyed Mahdi Hassanian, Peyman Dinarvand, Alireza R. Rezaie Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Angiotensin II Activation of TRPC6 Channels in Rat Podocytes Requires Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species
Angiotensin II (AII) plays a major role in the progression of chronic kidney diseases. Podocytes are essential components of the ultrafiltration apparatus, and are targets for AII signaling. AII has been shown to increase generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in podocytes. Canonical transient receptor potential‐6 (TRPC6) channels stimulate Ca2+ influx in podocytes, and have been implicated in glomerular disease. We observed that AII increased cationic currents in rat podocytes in an isolated glomerulus preparation in which podocytes are still attached to the underlying capillary. This effect was completely blocked ...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - December 17, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Marc Anderson, Hila Roshanravan, Justin Khine, Stuart E. Dryer Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

ERK5 Pathway Regulates Transcription Factors Important for Monocytic Differentiation of Human Myeloid Leukemia Cells
This study was performed using established cell lines HL60 and U937, and primary cultures of blasts from 10 patients with ML. We found that ERK5 and its direct downstream target transcription factor MEF2C are upregulated by 1,25D in parallel with monocytic differentiation. Further, inhibition of ERK5 activity by specific pharmacological agents BIX02189 and XMD8‐92 alters the phenotype of these cells by reducing the abundance of the VDD‐induced surface monocytic marker CD14, and concomitantly increasing surface expression of the general myeloid marker CD11b. Similar results were obtained when the expression of ERK5 was ...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - November 22, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Xuening Wang, Stella Pesakhov, Jonathan S Harrison, Michael Danilenko, George P Studzinski Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

The ZnR/GPR39 Interacts with the CaSR to Enhance Signaling in Prostate and Salivary Epithelia
Abstract Zinc signaling is mediated by the zinc sensing receptor, ZnR, recently suggested to be the same receptor as G‐protein coupled receptor 39, GPR39. However it is unknown if GPR39 is mediating Zn2+‐dependent signaling in prostate and salivary tissue where changes in zinc concentrations are frequent and of physiological significance. Here, we show that GPR39 is mediating Zn2+‐dependent Ca2+ responses and is regulating activity of MAP and PI3 pathways in prostate cancer cells, PC3, and ductal salivary gland cells, HSY. We next ask whether ZnR/GPR39 interacts with other GPCR family members. We find that endogenous...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - November 22, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Hila Asraf, Shimrit Salomon, Andrey Nevo, Israel Sekler, Doris Mayer, Michal Hershfinkel Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Interleukin‐17A Stimulates Migration of Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts Via p38 MAPK/NF‐κB ‐Dependent MMP‐1 Expression
In this study, we report that IL‐17A can increase the migration and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐1 in human periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts but has no effect on PDL fibroblast proliferation. IL‐17A‐induced MMP‐1 expression led to cell migration, which was attenuated by pre‐treatment with IL‐17 receptor neutralizing antibody and small interfering RNA (siRNA) for MMP‐1. The IL‐17A‐induced cell migration was also attenuated by its tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)‐1. In addition, a p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor (SB203580) inhibited IL‐1...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - November 22, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Yan Wu, Lingxin Zhu, Lingshuang Liu, Jie Zhang, Bin Peng Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

The interplay of AMP‐activated protein kinase and androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells
Abstract AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) has recently emerged as a potential target for cancer therapy due to the observation that activation of AMPK inhibits tumor cell growth. It is well‐known that androgen receptor (AR) signaling is a major driver for the development and progression of prostate cancer and that downregulation of AR is a critical step in the induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. However, little is known about the potential interaction between AMPK and AR signaling pathways. In the current study, we showed that activation of AMPK by metformin caused decrease of AR protein level through s...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - October 17, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Min Shen, Zhen Zhang, Manohar Ratnam, Q. Ping Dou Tags: Rapid Communication Source Type: research

Smad6 suppresses the growth and self‐renewal of hepatic progenitor cells
Abstract Activation of hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) is commonly observed in chronic liver disease and Wnt/β‐catenin signaling plays a crucial role in the expansion of HPCs. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in the liver, especially in HPCs, remain largely elusive. Here we reported that ectopic expression of Smad6 suppressed the proliferation and self‐renewal of WB‐F344 cells, a HPC cell line. Mechanistically, we found that Smad6 inhibited Wnt/β‐catenin signaling through promoting the interaction of C‐terminal binding protein (CtBP) with β‐catenin/...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - October 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Ze‐yang Ding, Hui‐fang Liang, Guan‐nan Jin, Wei‐xun Chen, Wei Wang, Pran K. Datta, Ming‐zhi Zhang, Bixiang Zhang, Xiao‐ping Chen Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Angiotensin II activation of canonical transient receptor potential‐6 (TRPC6) channels in rat podocytes requires generation of reactive oxygen species
Abstract Angiotensin II (AII) plays a major role in the progression of chronic kidney diseases. Podocytes are essential components of the ultrafiltration apparatus, and are targets for AII signaling. AII has been shown to increase generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in podocytes. Canonical transient receptor potential‐6 (TRPC6) channels stimulate Ca2+ influx in podocytes, and have been implicated in glomerular disease. We observed that AII increased cationic currents in rat podocytes in an isolated glomerulus preparation in which podocytes are still attached to the underlying capillary. This effect was completely...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - September 3, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Marc Anderson, Hila Roshanravan, Justin Khine, Stuart E. Dryer Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Interleukin‐17A increases cell migration and MMP‐1 expression in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts via p38 MAPK/NF‐κB ‐dependent pathway
In this study, we report that IL‐17A can increase the migration and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐1 in human periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts but has no effect on PDL fibroblast proliferation. IL‐17A‐induced MMP‐1 expression led to cell migration, which was attenuated by pre‐treatment with IL‐17 receptor neutralizing antibody and small interfering RNA (siRNA) for MMP‐1. The IL‐17A‐induced cell migration was also attenuated by its tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)‐1. In addition, a p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor (SB203580) inhibited IL‐1...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - August 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Yan Wu, Lingxin Zhu, Lingshuang Liu, Jie Zhang, Bin Peng Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research