• Filter By:
• Specialty
• Source
• Condition
• Cancer
• Infectious Disease
• Drug
• Training
• Management
• Procedure
• Therapy
• Vaccine
• Nutrition
• Country

Hypoxia induces purinergic receptor signaling to disrupt endothelial barrier function
Blood-brain-barrier permeability is regulated by endothelial junctional proteins and is vital in limiting access to and from the blood to the CNS. When stressed, several cells, including endothelial cells, can release nucleotides like ATP and ADP that signal through purinergic receptors on these cells to disrupt BBB permeability. While this process is primarily protective, unrestricted, uncontrolled barrier disruption during injury or inflammation can lead to serious neurological consequences. Purinergic receptors are broadly classified into two families: the P1 adenosine and P2 nucleotide receptors. The P2 receptors are f...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - November 21, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

MicroRNA-19a mediates neuroprotection through the PTEN/AKT pathway in SK-N-SH cells after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injury.
Abstract Ischemic stroke is one of the most common public health problems worldwide. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of miR-19a and its possible target genes in SK-N-SH cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R) injury. SK-N-SH cells are a suitable model for host transfection. SK-N-SH cells were transfected with miR-19a mimic or inhibitor and PTEN-small interfering (si) RNA in order to alter the expression of miR-19a, PTEN and AKT. The expression changes in acute cerebral ischemic injury (ACII) were verified using RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Expression changes a...
Source: General Physiology and Biophysics - April 30, 2020 Category: Physiology Authors: Jin X, Wang H, Yin S, Zhang Y Tags: Gen Physiol Biophys Source Type: research

Increasing Upstream Chromatin Long –Range Interactions May Favor Induction of Circular RNAs in LysoPC-Activated Human Aortic Endothelial Cells
We examined the sponging potential of all significantly changed circRNAs using the CircInteractome database (Montefiori et al., 2018), recording two miRNAs with four or more predicted binding sites in a single circRNA transcript, a threshold above which meaningful sponging activity is likely to occur Memczak et al. (2013). Another four significantly changed circRNAs are experimentally shown to sponge miRNAs (Dudekula et al., 2016; Chen et al., 2017; Yan et al., 2017; Wang et al., 2018), for six total circRNAs with miRNA sponging activity including miR125, miR143, miR1272, miR153, miR515-5p, and miR196a-5p (Table 4). In Fig...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 17, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Smooth muscle cell-specific deletion of Col15a1 unexpectedly leads to impaired development of advanced atherosclerotic lesions.
Abstract Atherosclerotic plaque rupture with subsequent embolic events is a major cause of sudden death from myocardial infarction or stroke. Although smooth muscle cells (SMC) produce and respond to collagens in vitro, there is no direct evidence in vivo that SMC are a crucial source of collagens and that this impacts lesion development or fibrous cap formation. We sought to determine how conditional SMC specific knockout of collagen type XV (COL15A1) in SMC lineage tracing mice affects advanced lesion formation given: 1) we previously identified a Col15a1 sequence variant associated with age related atherosclero...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - March 9, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Durgin BG, Cherepanova OA, Gomez D, Karaoli T, Alencar GF, Butcher JT, Zhou YQ, Bendeck MP, Isakson BE, Owens GK, Connelly JJ Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research

LRRC8A protein is indispensable for swelling-activated and the ATP-induced release of excitatory amino acids in rat astrocytes.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. PMID: 25172945 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Physiology - August 28, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Hyzinski-García MC, Rudkouskaya A, Mongin AA Tags: J Physiol Source Type: research

TRPM4 inhibition promotes angiogenesis after ischemic stroke.
Abstract Transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4) is a voltage-dependent, nonselective cation channel. Under pathological conditions, sustained activation of TRPM4 leads to oncotic cell death. Here, we report the upregulation of TRPM4 in vascular endothelium following hypoxia/ischemia in vitro and in vivo. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells, TRPM4 expression was increased at both the mRNA and protein levels following oxygen-glucose deprivation. Blocking TRPM4 with 9-phenanthrol greatly enhanced tube formation on Matrigel. In a rat permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion model, TRPM4 was upregula...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - September 17, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Loh KP, Ng G, Yu CY, Fhu CK, Yu D, Vennekens R, Nilius B, Soong TW, Liao P Tags: Pflugers Arch Source Type: research

Ion transporters in brain endothelial cells that contribute to formation of brain interstitial fluid.
Abstract Ions and water transported across the endothelium lining the blood-brain barrier contribute to the fluid secreted into the brain and are important in maintaining appropriate volume and ionic composition of brain interstitial fluid. Changes in this secretion process may occur after stroke. The present study identifies at transcript and protein level ion transporters involved in the movement of key ions and examines how levels of certain of these alter following oxidative stress. Immunohistochemistry provides evidence for Cl(-)/HCO3 (-) exchanger, AE2, and Na(+), HCO3 (-) cotransporters, NBCe1 and NBCn1, on...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - September 11, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Mokgokong R, Wang S, Taylor CJ, Barrand MA, Hladky SB Tags: Pflugers Arch Source Type: research