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miRNA-218 Targets Lipin-1 and Glucose Transporter Type 4 Genes in 3T3-L1 Cells Treated With Lopinavir/Ritonavir
Conclusion: 3T3-L1 cells, treated with LPV/RTV, show altered lipid content due to increased miRNA-218 levels, which affects lipin-1 mRNA. Moreover, increased miRNA-218 levels were inversely correlated with changes in GLUT-4 expression, which suggests a role for miRNA-218 in mediating the insulin resistance consequent to cART. Introduction Metabolic syndrome is a serious consequence of combined Antiretroviral Therapy (cART). HIV-associated metabolic syndrome is often accompanied by lipodystrophy (LS), the redistribution of body fat with loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue in face, limbs and buttocks, concomitant wit...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 29, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Engineered Extracellular Vesicles From Human Periodontal-Ligament Stem Cells Increase VEGF/VEGFR2 Expression During Bone Regeneration
Conclusion In conclusion our results evidenced that 3D-COL/hPDLSCs/PEI-EVs may be an efficacious strategy to induce bone regeneration and vascularization of bone defects, thanks to its capacity to increase the levels of VEGF. Ethics Statement The study was performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Helsinki Declaration (2013). The written approval for the human periodontal ligament collection performed in this study has been obtained from the Medical Ethics Committee at the Medical School, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy (n°266/17.04.14, Principal in...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 29, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Resveratrol Promotes Diabetic Wound Healing via SIRT1-FOXO1-c-Myc Signaling Pathway-Mediated Angiogenesis
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the positive role of RES in diabetic wound healing via its SIRT1-dependent endothelial protection and pro-angiogenic effects involves the inhibition of FOXO1 and the de-repression of c-Myc expression. Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease with an increasing incidence worldwide (Zimmet et al., 2014). The disease often leads to the development of serious complications such as microangiopathy, mainly including retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and diabetic non-healing skin ulcers (Zheng et al., 2018). Diabetic non-healing skin ulcers such as foot ulcers are ca...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 23, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Complement C5b-9 and Cancer: Mechanisms of Cell Damage, Cancer Counteractions, and Approaches for Intervention
In conclusion, osmotic burst of inflated complement-damaged cells may occur, but these bursts are most likely a consequence of metabolic collapse of the cell rather than the cause of cell death. The Complement Cell Death Mediator: A Concerted Action of Toxic Moieties Membrane pores caused by complement were first visualized by electron microscopy on red blood cell membranes as large ring structures (22). Similar lesions were viewed on E. coli cell walls (23). Over the years, ample information on the fine ultrastructure of the MAC that can activate cell death has been gathered (24) and has been recently further examined (...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 9, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research