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Cancer: Glioma

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Total 625 results found since Jan 2013.

Abstract 1031: Blockade of radiation-induced neuropilin-1 in glioblastoma cells impairs migration of endothelial cells
In this study, we show that the IR-induced NRP-1 role in the VEGFR-2 mediated signaling cascade promotes migration of endothelial cells. We observed that IR (8Gy) significantly elevated levels of VEGF and NRP-1 expression in 4910 and 5310 human GBM xenograft cells. Endothelial cells cultured on tumor- conditioned media from IR induced xenograft cells showed a significant increase in migration of endothelial cells; whereas, conditioned medium (CM) from NRP-1 knockdown xenograft cells inhibited IR-induced migration effects in endothelial cells. Further, CM from NRP-1 inhibited cells downregulated IR-induced expression of VEG...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Maddirela, D. R., Kesanakurti, D., Gogineni, V. R., Chetty, C. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 1600: Keeping glioblastoma (GBM)in check by targeting the CHK1-STAT3-CIP2A axis
Checkpoint kinase1 (CHK1) is a DNA damage kinase, which has been observed to be constitutively active in human cancers. Unfortunately a number of new generation CHK1 inhibitors, currently in clinical trials, have shown deleterious effects on normal cells, thus limiting their clinical utility. Therefore, identification and targeting of cancer specific effectors of CHK1 signaling has emerged as an attractive therapeutic alternative. Analysis of the REMBRANDT and TCGA datasets revealed a strong positive correlation for CHK1 and CIP2A expression in 422/522 and 356/454 glioma patients respectively. By contrast, there was neglig...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Khanna, A., Stringer, B., Day, B., Ensbey, K., Shen, H., Boyd, A., McDonald, K., Pimanda, J. E. Tags: Carcinogenesis Source Type: research

Abstract 1774: Polysialyltransferase ST8SiaII: a new target for the treatment of metastatic tumors
Polysialic acid (polySia) is a carbohydrate polymer expressed on the surface of NCAM (neuronal cell adhesion molecule) in many cancer cells where it modulates cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion, migration, invasion and metastasis. PolySia-NCAM expression is strongly associated with poor clinical prognosis and correlates with aggressive/invasive disease in small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, neuroblastoma and many other tumors principally of neuroendocrine origin [1]. SiRNA knockdown of polysialyltransferase ST8SiaII (STX), the enzyme primarily responsible for polySia synthesis in tumors, has been shown to abolish tu...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Viprey, V., Springett, B. R., Al-Saraireh, Y., Northrop, M., Sutherland, M., Saeed, R., Loadman, P. M., Patterson, L. H., Shnyder, S. D., Falconer, R. A. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 2952: Aberrant accumulation of 2-hydroxyglutarate in human breast cancer with myc activation
Metabolite addiction of tumors may represent an Achilles heel for cancer cells and an opportunity for therapeutic intervention. Recently, using an untargeted discovery approach and validation of key metabolites, we characterized the metabolomic profile of human breast tumors and uncovered intrinsic metabolite signatures in these tumors. Importantly, the oncometabolite, 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG), accumulated in a subset of tumors and human breast cancer cell lines. 2HG reached millimolar concentrations comparable to those in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant gliomas, despite the absence of IDH mutations. Instead, we disc...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Mishra, P. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 3526: The mTORC2 component RICTOR plays a key role in lung cancer cell growth
RICTOR (Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR protein) is a key component of mTORC2 (the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2). One of the most-recognized targets for RICTOR-mTORC2 is AKT (Ser473). RICTOR also carries functions independent of mTORC2. RICTOR signaling has been suggested to play key roles in regulating cancer cell migration, invasion and metastasis in breast, ovarian, colorectal cancers and gliomas. The potential roles of RICTOR in lung cancer remain to be elucidated. We first examined the expression profile of RICTOR in primary lung tumor specimens and in lung cancer cell lines by immunohistochemistry....
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Cheng, H., Zou, Y., Borczuk, A., Qiu, W., Piperdi, B., Kim, M., Halmos, B., Perez–Soler , R. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 3945: Inhibition of MMP2 expression enhances the efficacy of radiation therapy for a murine astrocytoma
This study provides a new treatment option for treating invasive brain tumors. (This study was supported by NHRI-EX103-10132BI and NSC 102-2314-B-007-003-MY3 grants) Citation Format: Ching-Fang Yu, Ying-Chieh Yang, Ji-Hong Hong, Chi-Shiun Chiang. Inhibition of MMP2 expression enhances the efficacy of radiation therapy for a murine astrocytoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3945. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3945
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yu, C.-F., Yang, Y.-C., Hong, J.-H., Chiang, C.-S. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 3975: PID1, a new growth-inhibitory gene, sensitizes brain tumor cell lines to chemotherapy
CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that PID1 acts to sensitize glioma and medulloblastoma cells to chemotherapy, possibly explaining the correlation between higher PID1 mRNA and survival in patients. Citation Format: Jingying Xu, Xiuhai Ren, Anthony Tran, Gregory M. Shackleford, Anat Erdreich-Epstein. PID1, a new growth-inhibitory gene, sensitizes brain tumor cell lines to chemotherapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3975. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3975
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Xu, J., Ren, X., Tran, A., Shackleford, G. M., Erdreich-Epstein, A. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 4354: miR-603 targets WIF1 to promote glioma tumorigenesis via Wnt/{beta}-catenin pathway
Glioma is the most common and deadly brain tumor. In spite of progressive treatments, which include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, patient prognosis has not improved significantly. Thus emerges the urgent need to discover novel targets that effectively control glioma. The aim of our work is to investigate the possible roles of miR-603 in glioma tumorigenesis. We first examined miR-603 expression in glioma patient samples and cell lines using RT-PCR. Then, the effect of miR-603 on glioma cells was determined by MTS assay, neurosphere formation assay, EdU assay and cell cycle analysis. Western blot, immunofluorescen...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Guo, M., Wang, G., Khadarian, K., Zheng, Y., Ha, A. D., Shen, J. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 4607: Stathmin is involved in the maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase pathway and impacts in the outcome of glioblastoma
This study aim to analyze proteins and/or genes involved in the MELK pathway in the tumorigenesis of gliomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analysis of the expression profile of a panel of protein relevant to the process of tumorigenesis that MELK is involved was performed by Proteomic analysis by two dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry for human glioma cell line U87MG transfected with siRNA for the MELK compared to U87MG transfected with non-target control (NTC) cells. Analysis and validation of gene expression was performed by Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) using SYBR Green method in a series of 153 astrocyto...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Uno, M., Oba-Shinjo, S. M., Silva, R., Gimenez, M., Rosa, J. C., Marie, S. K. N. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 4999: Paracrine regulation of glioma invasion by astrocytes is mediated by glial derived neurothropic factor
Conclusions: We suggest a mechanism by which astrocytes attracted to the glioma microenvironment facilitate brain invasion by secretion of GDNF and activation of RET/GFRα1 receptors expressed by the cancer cells. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Moran Amit, Ayelet Shabtay-Orbach, Yoav Binenbaum, Ziv Gil. Paracrine regulation of glioma invasion by astrocytes is mediated by glial derived neurothropic factor. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 ...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Amit, M., Shabtay-Orbach, A., Binenbaum, Y., Gil, Z. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

AR-A 014418 Used against GSK3beta Downregulates Expression of hnRNPA1 and SF2/ASF Splicing Factors.
Authors: Yadav AK, Vashishta V, Joshi N, Taneja P Abstract Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive forms of primary brain tumors of glial cells, including aberrant regulation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 β (GSK3 β ) and splicing factors deregulation. Here, we investigate the role of small molecule AR-A014418 and Manzamine A against GSK3 kinase with factual control on splicing regulators. AR-A 014418, 48 hrs posttreatment, caused dose (25-100  μ M) dependent inhibition in U373 and U87 cell viability with also inhibition in activating tyrosine phosphorylation of GSK3alpha (Tyr 279) and beta (Tyr 216). Furt...
Source: Journal of Oncology - November 17, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: J Oncol Source Type: research

Secretory prostate apoptosis response (Par)-4 sensitizes multicellular spheroids (MCS) of glioblastoma multiforme cells to tamoxifen-induced cell death
Publication date: Available online 21 November 2014 Source:FEBS Open Bio Author(s): Jayashree C. Jagtap , Parveen D , Reecha D. Shah , Aarti Desai , Dipali Bhosale , Ashish Chugh , Deepak Ranade , Swapnil Karnik , Bhushan Khedkar , Aaishwarya Mathur , Kumar Natesh , Goparaju Chandrika , Padma Shastry Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant form of brain tumor and is associated with resistance to conventional therapy and poor patient survival. Prostate apoptosis response (Par)-4, a tumor suppressor, is expressed as both an intracellular and secretory/extracellular protein. Though secretory Par-4 induces apopto...
Source: FEBS Open Bio - November 22, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Sonic hedgehog–Gli1 signals promote epithelial–mesenchymal transition in ovarian cancer by mediating PI3K/AKT pathway
Abstract Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been reported to play an important role in distant metastasis in cancer-related disease. A large number of studies have shown that sonic hedgehog–glioma-associated oncogene 1 (Shh–Gli1) signals participate in the process of EMT; however, the role and mechanism of Shh–Gli1 signals in the progression of EMT in ovarian cancer remain largely unknown. First, we investigated the occurrence of EMT and invasion and migration ability in ovarian cancer cells stimulated by different concentration of Shh–Gli1 signals agonist purmorphamine in vitro. Then, Akt ...
Source: Medical Oncology - November 29, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

LAP3 promotes glioma progression by regulating proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma cells.
Abstract Leucine aminopeptidase 3 (LAP3), belonging to the M1 family, has been proved to catalyze the hydrolysis of leucine residues. Leucine aminopeptidases are involved in many pathological disorders and regulate cell proliferation, invasion and/or angiogenesis of tumor. Recent study showed that LAP3 is highly expressed in several malignant and affects tumor angiogenesis. We aimed at investigating the clinical significance of LAP3 expression in human gliomas and its biological function in glioma cells. RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to detect the expression levels of LAP3 in 121...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - October 24, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: He X, Huang Q, Qiu X, Liu X, Sun G, Guo J, Ding Z, Yang L, Ban N, Tao T, Wang D Tags: Int J Biol Macromol Source Type: research

Paracrine regulation of glioma cells invasion by astrocytes is mediated by glial derived neurothropic factor
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: International Journal of Cancer - December 8, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ayelet Shabtay‐Orbach, Moran Amit, Yoav Binenbaum, Shorook Na'ara, Ziv Gil Tags: Cancer Cell Biology Source Type: research