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Cancer: Ovarian Cancer

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Total 759 results found since Jan 2013.

Glucocorticoid Induced Leucine Zipper inhibits apoptosis of cardiomyocytes by doxorubicin.
Abstract Doxorubicin (Dox) is an indispensable chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of various forms of neoplasia such as lung, breast, ovarian, and bladder cancers. Cardiotoxicity is a major concern for patients receiving Dox therapy. Previous work from our laboratory indicated that glucocorticoids (GCs) alleviate Dox-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Here we have found Glucocorticoid-Induced Leucine Zipper (GILZ) to be a mediator of GC-induced cytoprotection. GILZ was found to be induced in cardiomyocytes by GC treatment. Knocking down of GILZ using siRNA resulted in cancelation of GC-induced cytoprotecti...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - January 28, 2014 Category: Toxicology Authors: Aguilar D, Strom J, Chen QM Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research

A functional proteogenomic analysis of endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas using reverse phase protein array and mutation analysis: protein expression is histotype-specific and loss of ARID1A/BAF250a is associated with AKT phosphorylation
Background: Ovarian cancer is now recognized as a number of distinct diseases primarily defined by histological subtype. Both clear cell ovarian carcinomas (CCC) and ovarian endometrioid carcinomas (EC) may arise from endometriosis and frequently harbor mutations in the ARID1A tumor suppressor gene. We studied the influence of histological subtype on protein expression with reverse phase protein array (RPPA) and assessed proteomic changes associated with ARID1A mutation/BAF250a expression in EC and CCC. Methods: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for BAF250a expression was performed on 127 chemotherapy-naive ovarian carcinomas (33...
Source: BMC Cancer - February 22, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kimberly WiegandBryan HennessySamuel LeungYemin WangZhenlin JuMollianne McGahrenSteve KallogerSarah FinlaysonKatherine Stemke-HaleYiling LuFan ZhangMichael AnglesioBlake GilksGordon MillsDavid HuntsmanMark Carey Source Type: research

HOIP E3 Ligase Attenuates Apoptotic Cell Death
The genotoxin cisplatin is commonly used in chemotherapy to treat solid tumors, yet our understanding of the mechanism underlying the drug response is limited. In a focused siRNA screen, using an siRNA library targeting genes involved in ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like signaling, we identified the E3 ubiquitin ligase HOIP as a key regulator of cisplatin-induced genotoxicity. HOIP forms, with SHARPIN and HOIL-1L, the linear ubiquitin assembly complex (LUBAC). We show that cells deficient in the HOIP ligase complex exhibit hypersensitivity to cisplatin. This is due to a dramatic increase in caspase-8/caspase-3–mediated apopto...
Source: Cancer Research - April 15, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: MacKay, C., Carroll, E., Ibrahim, A. F. M., Garg, A., Inman, G. J., Hay, R. T., Alpi, A. F. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology Source Type: research

Modulation of insulin /IGFs pathways by sirtuin-7 inhibition in drug- induced chemoreistance
Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that stress-induced Sirt7 inhibition significantly increases stress resistance and modulates insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathways. More importantly, this study links Sir2 family proteins to insulin/IGF signaling in drug-induced stress resistance in neoplasia.Virtual Slides: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1135426681234493
Source: Diagnostic Pathology - May 22, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Ahmad AljadaAyman SalehSalem Al Suwaidan Source Type: research

908P * NUCLEAR EXPRESSION OF BCL10 HAS A ROLE IN THE REGULATION OF CELL GROWTH OF OVARIAN CANCER THROUGH THE ACTIVATION OF NF-{kappa}B-DEPENDENT CYCLIN D1 SIGNALING
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that nuclear BCL10 plays an important role in controlling the growth and progression of ovarian cancer cells through NF-B dependent cyclin D1 regulation.Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Source: Annals of Oncology - September 24, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kuo, S., Chou, C., Chen, R., Cheng, A. Tags: gynaecological cancers Source Type: research

Abstract 749: Highly potent and orally available SIK2 inhibitors block growth of human ovarian cancer cells in culture and xenografts
Salt Inducible Kinase 2 (SIK2) is a Ser/Thr kinase required for centrosome splitting and bipolar mitotic spindle formation. SIK2 is overexpressed in 30% of ovarian cancers associated with a poor prognosis. Knockdown of SIK2 with siRNA has inhibited ovarian cancer cell growth and enhanced paclitaxel sensitivity in cell culture and in xenografts. Given the challenges of delivering siRNA to cancer cells in vivo, we have sought small molecule inhibitors of SIK2 to permit clinical trials, alone and in combination with paclitaxel. Fragment-based design strategies utilizing SIK2 ATP-binding site residues, scaffold-hopping, SIK2 b...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Alfredi, A., Zhang, S., Mao, W., Wang, Y., Takemori, H., Lu, Z., Bast, R. C., Vankayalapati, H. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 1062: Sustained adrenergic signaling promotes intratumoral innervation through BDNF induction
Mounting clinical and preclinical evidence supports a key role of sustained adrenergic signaling in the tumor microenvironment as a driver of tumor growth and progression. However, the mechanisms by which adrenergic neurotransmitters are delivered to the tumor microenvironment are not well understood. Sustained adrenergic signaling resulted in increased tumor growth and was correlated with a significant increase in intratumoral nerve density and norepinephrine in several orthotopic models of disease. These effects were completely abrogated by hexamethonium bromide (ganglionic blocker), but not by removal of the adrenal gla...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Armaiz-Pena, G. N., Nagaraja, A. S., Allen, J. K., Sadaoui, N. C., Rupaimoole, R., wu, s. Y., Pradeep, S., Han, H. D., Zand, B., Dalton, H., Previs, R., Taylor, M., Bottsford-Miller, J., Mangala, L. S., Rodriguez-Aguayo, C., Biasi, M. D., Lopez-Berestein, Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 2754: Induction of Sp1 factor by CYP1B1 inhibits TRAIL-mediated apoptotic pathway
Human cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) belongs to the CYP1 family and is known as a major enzyme for estradiol 4-hydroxylation. It has been reported that CYP1B1 expression is higher in the tumor tissues than the normal ones, especially in hormone-related cancers such as breast, ovarian and prostate. Previously, we identified that CYP1B1 induces cell proliferation by activation of Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway. To explore the role of CYP1B1 on cancer cell proliferation further, we investigated whether CYP1B1 blocks apoptotic pathways. Using Western blot and RT-PCR, the expression of TRAIL was examined in MCF-7 cells, and we fou...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kwon, Y.-J., Park, N., Shin, S., Ye, D.-J., Hong, M., Chun, Y.-J. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 3318: Using synthetic lethal screening to identify therapeutic targets for innately platinum resistant lung cancer
Although platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard of care for most cases of advanced lung adenocarcinoma, its effectiveness is limited by the frequent incidence of innate chemoresistance. As a result, response rates rarely exceed 20%, even though cis-platinum and carboplatin are highly effective in other settings such as small cell lung, ovarian and testicular cancers. We hypothesized that innate chemoresistance in lung adenocarcinoma is mediated by one or more signalling pathways dependent on the expression of a single gene, and that these pathways could ultimately be targeted therapeutically. To address this question,...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Marini, K. D., Rossello, F. J., Martelotto, L. G., Watkins, D. N. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 3454: Integrin-linked kinase and proximal signaling contributes to the cisplatin resistance of ovarian cancer cells
Platinum-based chemotherapy has been used for more than four decades for ovarian cancer patients. Although initially most ovarian tumors respond well to cisplatin treatment, many of the tumors become resistant to chemotherapy. Several drug resistant-associated genes have been identified by gene expression arrays in drug sensitive and drug resistant cells. Recent evidence indicates that posttranscriptional and posttranslational regulation of gene expression governs the function of several proteins associated with cancer initiation, progression and drug resistance. To reveal additional proteins associated with cisplatin resi...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Soto, D., Valiyeva, F., Echevarria, I., Reyes, J., Vivas-Mejia, P. E. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 4616: Chemo-sensitisation in epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines by targeting Ankyrin Repeat Domain 1 (ANKRD1)
In this study we showed that ANKRD1 levels decrease in response to cisplatin, in concert with induction of PARP cleavage and apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cell lines, COLO316, PEO14 and OAW42. We showed that decreasing ANKRD1 expression using siRNA (ON-TARGETplus Human ANKRD1 siRNA) increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Increased cisplatin sensitivity was associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, evidenced by induction of GRP78, GADD153 and increased intracellular Ca2+ release. We have screened drug libraries (Prestwick library) for agents that sensitise ovarian cancer cell lines to platins, via an ANKRD1 rel...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lei, Y., Henderson, B. R., Emmanuel, C., Harnett, P., Fazio, A. d. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 4618: Therapeutic targeting for sphingosine kinase 1 in epithelial ovarian cancer
This study was designed to investigate the therapeutic potential of SK1 inhibitor in epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). Experimental design: The expression of SK1 protein was evaluated using immunohistochemistry in patients with EOC. EOC cell lines (A2780, SKOV3ip1, A2780-CP20, SKOV3-TR, ES2 and RMG2) were used in this study to test SK1 siRNA or inhibitors. We used two kinds of SK inhibitor including SK inhibitor (for both SK1 and 2) and FTY720 (specifically inhibiting SK1) to check cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis and invasion using MTT, FACS, ELISA and wound-healing assay, respectively. Furthermore, in vivo e...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lee, J.-W., Ryu, J. Y., Jeon, H.-K., Park, Y.-A., Cho, Y.-J., Choi, J.-J., Lee, Y.-Y., Kim, T.-J., Choi, C. H., Kim, B.-G., Bae, D.-S. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Stromal Expression of Fibroblast Activation Protein Alpha (FAP) Predicts Platinum Resistance and Shorter Recurrence in patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Abstract The microenvironment plays an important role in tumorigenesis. Fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) is overexpressed by fibroblasts present in the microenvironment of many tumors. High FAP expression is a negative prognostic factor in several malignancies, but this has not been investigated in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The aim of this study is to define the value of FAP in EOC. Immunohistochemical staining using an anti-FAP antibody was performed on 338 EOC tissues. mRNA levels in cancer cell lines and FAP silencing using siRNA was also done. FAP immunoexpression by tumor stroma was a signific...
Source: Cancer Microenvironment - October 21, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Sphingosine kinase 1 as a potential therapeutic target in epithelial ovarian cancer
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: International Journal of Cancer - November 27, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jeong‐Won Lee, Ji‐Yoon Ryu, Gun Yoon, Hye‐Kyung Jeon, Young‐Jae Cho, Jung‐Joo Choi, Sang Yong Song, In‐Gu Do, Yoo‐Young Lee, Tae‐Joong Kim, Chel Hun Choi, Byoung‐Gie Kim, Duk‐Soo Bae Tags: Cancer Therapy Source Type: research

BAF57 expression of ovarian cancer cells and drug sensitivity
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Cancer Science - January 22, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Takahiro Yamaguchi, Tomoko Kurita, Kazuto Nishio, Junichi Tsukada, Toru Hachisuga, Yasuo Morimoto, Yoshiko Iwai, Hiroto Izumi Tags: Original Article Source Type: research