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Total 1055 results found since Jan 2013.

Diclofenac Potassium in Acute Postoperative Pain and Dysmenorrhoea: Results from Comprehensive Clinical Trial Reports.
Abstract We compared the efficacy of diclofenac potassium in unpublished clinical study reports (CSRs) and published reports to examine publication bias, industry bias, and comprehensiveness. Novartis provided CSRs of randomised double-blind trials of diclofenac potassium involving postoperative patients following third molar extraction (3 trials, n=519), gynaecological surgery (3 trials, n=679), and dysmenorrhoea (2 trials, n=711) conducted in 1988-1990. Searches identified published reports of 6 trials. Information from 599/1909 patients was not published; trials with 846/1909 patients were published in a defunc...
Source: Pain Research and Management - April 8, 2018 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Moore RA, Derry S Tags: Pain Res Manag Source Type: research

The Role and Treatment Implications of Peripheral and Central Processing of Pain, Pruritus, and Nausea in Heightened Somatic Awareness: A Review
This article reviews the acute neural transmission of pain, pruritus, and nausea symptoms, which can begin in the periphery and/or viscera. The subsequent multiple pathways in the central nervous system that become involved in the processing of these symptoms are also discussed. The authors describe human brain imaging studies that have revealed consistent cortical and subcortical networks  activated by these symptoms, including sensory, limbic, and associative regions. In particular, the authors discuss information revealed by the studies regarding the primary somatosensory cortex, secondary somatosensory cortex, anterio...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - June 1, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICNS Online Editor Tags: Current Issue Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Neurology Pain Review central processing nausea pruritus Source Type: research

Mice lacking Kcns1 in peripheral neurons show increased basal and neuropathic pain sensitivity
Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels are increasingly recognised as key regulators of nociceptive excitability. Kcns1 is one of the first potassium channels to be associated with neuronal hyperexcitability and mechanical sensitivity in the rat, as well as pain intensity and risk of developing chronic pain in humans. Here, we show that in mice, Kcns1 is predominantly expressed in the cell body and axons of myelinated sensory neurons positive for neurofilament-200, including Aδ-fiber nociceptors and low-threshold Aβ mechanoreceptors. In the spinal cord, Kcns1 was detected in laminae III to V of the dorsal horn where most ...
Source: Pain - July 26, 2018 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Local translation in primary afferents and its contribution to pain
Chronic pain remains a significant problem due to its prevalence, impact, and limited therapeutic options. Progress in addressing chronic pain is dependent on a better understanding of underlying mechanisms. Although the available evidence suggests that changes within the central nervous system contribute to the initiation and maintenance of chronic pain, it also suggests that the primary afferent plays a critical role in all phases of the manifestation of chronic pain in most of those who suffer. Most notable among the changes in primary afferents is an increase in excitability or sensitization. A number of mechanisms hav...
Source: Pain - November 21, 2022 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Narrative Review Source Type: research

Spinal voltage ‐gated potassium channel Kv1.3 contributes to neuropathic pain via promotion of microglial M1 polarization and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome
AbstractStudies have shown that activation of microglia is the main mechanism of neuropathic pain. Kv1.3 channel is a novel therapeutic target for treating neuroinflammatory disorders due to its crucial role in subsets of microglial cells. As such, it may be involved in the processes of neuropathic pain, however, whether Kv1.3 plays a role in neuroinflammation following peripheral nerve injury is unclear. The spared nerve injury model (SNI) was used to establish neuropathic pain. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to examine the effect of Kv1.3 in the SNI rats. PAP-1, a Kv1.3 specific blocker was administered to...
Source: European Journal of Pain - November 28, 2022 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Yuan Xiaoman, Siyi Han, Anne Manyande, Feng Gao, Jie Wang, Wen Zhang, Xuebi Tian Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Spinal voltage ‐gated potassium channel Kv1.3 contributes to neuropathic pain via the promotion of microglial M1 polarization and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome
ConclusionOur research indicates that the Kv1.3 channel in the spinal cord contributes to neuropathic pain by promoting microglial M1 polarization and activating the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Source: European Journal of Pain - December 8, 2022 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Xiaoman Yuan, Siyi Han, Anne Manyande, Feng Gao, Jie Wang, Wen Zhang, Xuebi Tian Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Disinhibition of spinal cord pain pathways underlies neuropathic pain hypersensitivity in rodents of both sexes
Neuropathic pain is chronic pain due to damage or dysfunction of the nervous system. Microglia in the spinal cord have been implicated as a key mechanism underlying mechanical hypersensitivity resulting from traumatic nerve injury. After injury, microglia signalling causes decreased expression of the potassium chloride cotransporter KCC2, producing disinhibition of spinal neurons and development of pain hypersensitivity. However, we recently discovered that microglia are not critical to pain hypersensitivity in female mice.
Source: The Journal of Pain - February 14, 2018 Category: Materials Science Authors: J. Mappleback, L. Lorenzo, K. Lee, Y. De Koninck, S. Prescott, M. Salter Source Type: research

Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Suppresses Activation of Sustained Potassium Currents in Rat Small Diameter Sensory Neurons.
Authors: Liu BG, Dobretsov M, Stimers JR, Zhang JM Abstract Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, produces pain and hyperalgesia by activating and/or sensitizing nociceptive sensory neurons. In the present study, using whole-cell patch clamp techniques, the regulation of potassium currents by TNF-α was examined in acutely dissociated small dorsal root ganglion neurons. We found that acute application of TNF-α inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, the non-inactivating sustained potassium current without changing the rapidly inactivating transient current or the kinetics of steady-state i...
Source: Open Pain Journal - June 4, 2015 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Open Pain J Source Type: research

Tumor Necrosis Factor- α Suppresses Activation of Sustained Potassium Currents in Rat Small Diameter Sensory Neurons.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Suppresses Activation of Sustained Potassium Currents in Rat Small Diameter Sensory Neurons. Open Pain J. 2008 Jan 1;1:1 Authors: Liu BG, Dobretsov M, Stimers JR, Zhang JM Abstract Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, produces pain and hyperalgesia by activating and/or sensitizing nociceptive sensory neurons. In the present study, using whole-cell patch clamp techniques, the regulation of potassium currents by TNF-α was examined in acutely dissociated small dorsal root ganglion neurons. We found that acute application of TNF-α inhibited, in a dose-d...
Source: Open Pain Journal - July 22, 2016 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Open Pain J Source Type: research

MicroRNA–mediated downregulation of potassium-chloride-cotransporter and vesicular γ-aminobutyric acid transporter expression in spinal cord contributes to neonatal cystitis–induced visceral pain in rats
Abstract Loss of GABAergic inhibition in pain pathways has been considered to be a key component in the development of chronic pain. In the present study, we intended to examine whether miR-92b–mediated posttranscriptional dysregulation of spinal potassium chloride cotransporter (KCC2) and vesicular γ-aminobutyric acid transporter (VGAT) plays a major role in the development and maintenance of long-term visceral hyperalgesia in neonatal zymosan–treated rats. Neonatal cystitis was induced by transurethral zymosan administration from postnatal (P) days 14 to 16 (protocol 1). Two other zymosan protocols were also used:...
Source: Pain - November 21, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Serum Analysis in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders: A Controlled Cross-Sectional Study in Norway.
Abstract Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is characterized by pain and dysfunction in the temporomandibular join (TMJ) and the masticatory apparatus. Associations with autoimmune diseases, inflammatory conditions, and nutrition deficiencies have been reported in previous studies of TMD patients. To evaluate essential proteins, hormones, electrolytes, and vitamins in serum from TMD patients, a standard blood sample analysis was performed in 60 TMD patients and 60 healthy controls matched for age and gender, retrieving 19 different analyses. We found that TMD patients had significantly higher values of hemoglobin (p...
Source: Pain Research and Management - November 8, 2019 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Staniszewski K, Lygre H, Berge T, Rosén A Tags: Pain Res Manag Source Type: research

Chronic Pain-Related Small Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium (SK) Channel Plasticity In Mesolimbic Dopamine Neurons
Chronic pain is characterized by significant emotional-affective components contributing to treatment challenges. A hypodopaminergic state, characterized by decreased activity of ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons, has been causally linked to development of pain-related anhedonia and amotivation, however the mechanisms underlying its genesis are poorly understood. The VTA is heterogeneous with discrete dopaminergic projections that play unique roles in reward processing. The dopaminergic projection to the nucleus accumbens (VTA->NAc) tracks subjective reward value, important for computing reward prediction errors.
Source: The Journal of Pain - April 1, 2023 Category: Materials Science Authors: Jeremy Thompson, Yu-Hsuan Chang, Alex Legaria, Meaghan C. Creed Source Type: research

Antinociceptive Activity of Methanolic Extract of Clinacanthus nutans Leaves: Possible Mechanisms of Action Involved.
In conclusion, MECN-induced antinociception involves modulation of protein kinase C-, bradykinin-, TRVP1 receptors-, and glutamatergic-signaling pathways; opioidergic, α2-noradrenergic, β-adrenergic, adenosinergic, dopaminergic, and cholinergic receptors; and nonopioidergic receptors as well as the opening of various K+ channels. The antinociceptive activity could be associated with the presence of several flavonoid-based bioactive compounds and their synergistic action with nonvolatile bioactive compounds. PMID: 29686743 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Pain Research and Management - April 27, 2018 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Zakaria ZA, Abdul Rahim MH, Roosli RAJ, Mohd Sani MH, Omar MH, Mohd Tohid SF, Othman F, Ching SM, Abdul Kadir A Tags: Pain Res Manag Source Type: research

Role of H2S in pain: Growing evidences of mystification.
Abstract There have been studies suggesting the pain attenuating as well as pain inducing actions of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Exogenous administrated H2S may be antinociceptive or pronociceptive, while the endogenous H2S is pronociceptive. Experimental studies have shown that pharmacological inhibitors of H2S biosynthetic enzymes may attenuate nociceptive as well as neuropathic pain. It suggests that nerve injury or inflammatory agents may induce the expression of H2S biosynthetic enzymes to increase the endogenous production of H2S, which acts as a pain neurotransmitter to produce pain. The endogenous H2S may act ...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - June 29, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Guo J, Li G, Yang L Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

The Vaginal and Urinary Microbiomes in Premenopausal Women With Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome as Compared to Unaffected Controls: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study
Conclusion The current study highlights that ICBPS is a disease with multiple layers of dysfunction. This pilot study did not detect alterations in vaginal or urinary microbiome associated with the presence of ICBPS. However, novel findings in this study could guide future investigation of altered urinary-vaginal microbial relationships in this disease state. Ethics Statement University of Louisville Internal Review Board approved this study prior to any patient recruitment (IRB#13.0301), and all participating patients engaged in an informed consent conversation and signed a written consent document prior to par...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - April 7, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research