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Nutrition: Carbohydrates
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Role of prior feeding status in mediating the effects of exercise on blood glucose kinetics
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2023 Aug 29. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00271.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTChanges in blood glucose concentrations are underpinned by blood glucose kinetics (endogenous/exogenous glucose appearance rates and glucose disappearance rates). Exercise potently alters blood glucose kinetics and can thereby be used as a tool to control blood glucose concentration. However, most studies of exercise-induced changes in glucose kinetics are conducted in a fasted state, and therefore less is known about the effects of exercise on glucose kinetics when exercise is conducted in a postprandial state. Emerging ...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - August 29, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Alfonso Moreno-Caba ñas Javier T Gonzalez Source Type: research
Impacts of aqueous extracts of wildfire ashes on aquatic life-stages of Xenopus laevis: Influence of plant coverage
This study assessed how ash runoffs from Eucalyptus sp. and Pinus sp. affect early aquatic life-stages of Xenopus laevis. Embryos and tadpoles were exposed, respectively, for 96 h and 14 days to serial concentrations (26.9% - 100%) of aqueous extracts of ashes (AEAs; 10 gL-1) composed of eucalypt (ELS) and pine (PLS) ashes. Mortality and development were monitored, and biometric data (snout-to-vent, tail and total length, and weight) measured. Sub-individual endpoints regarding oxidative stress (catalase-CAT; total glutathione-TG; lipid peroxidation-TBARS), neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase-AChE), transformation metaboli...
Source: Aquatic Toxicology - August 28, 2023 Category: Toxicology Authors: D Santos N Abrantes I Campos I Domingues I Lopes Source Type: research
Oral cortisol and dexamethasone intake: differential physiology and transcriptional responses in the marine juvenile Sparus aurata
This study approached the long-term oral administration of cortisol (F) and dexamethasone (DEX), two synthetic glucocorticoids, compared to a control group (CT) in the juveniles of a marine teleost, the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Physiologically, DEX treatment impaired growth, which appears to be linked to carbohydrate allocation in muscle and liver, hepatic triglycerides depletion, and reduced hematocrit. Hypophyseal gh mRNA expression was 2-fold higher in DEX than in CT or F groups. Similarly, hypothalamic trh and hypophyseal pomcb followed this pattern. Plasma cortisol levels were significantly lower in DEX than...
Source: General and Comparative Endocrinology - August 28, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Authors: A Barany J Fuentes V Valderrama A Broz-Ruiz G Mart ínez-Rodríguez J M Mancera Source Type: research
Effects of coagulation function indicators and tumor markers on diagnosis and clinicopathological characteristics of endometrial cancer
CONCLUSIONS: D-dimer and fibrinogen represent potential diagnostic factors for endometrial cancer. The combination of coagulation function indicators and tumor markers exhibited high diagnostic value in endometrial cancer, as well as predictive value for clinicopathological characteristics.PMID:37635376 | DOI:10.1177/03936155231196253
Source: Cancer Control - August 28, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Huayan Li Huifeng Liao Bilin Jing Yifeng Wang Source Type: research
Impacts of aqueous extracts of wildfire ashes on aquatic life-stages of Xenopus laevis: Influence of plant coverage
This study assessed how ash runoffs from Eucalyptus sp. and Pinus sp. affect early aquatic life-stages of Xenopus laevis. Embryos and tadpoles were exposed, respectively, for 96 h and 14 days to serial concentrations (26.9% - 100%) of aqueous extracts of ashes (AEAs; 10 gL-1) composed of eucalypt (ELS) and pine (PLS) ashes. Mortality and development were monitored, and biometric data (snout-to-vent, tail and total length, and weight) measured. Sub-individual endpoints regarding oxidative stress (catalase-CAT; total glutathione-TG; lipid peroxidation-TBARS), neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase-AChE), transformation metaboli...
Source: Aquatic Toxicology - August 28, 2023 Category: Toxicology Authors: D Santos N Abrantes I Campos I Domingues I Lopes Source Type: research
Planktonic microbial community and biological metabolism in a subtropical drinking water river-reservoir system
Environ Res. 2023 Aug 25:116999. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116999. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTo understand the dynamics of planktonic microbial community and its metabolism processes in subtropical drinking water river-reservoir system with lower man-made pollution loading, this study selected Dongzhen river-reservoir system in Mulan Creek as object to investigate spatial-temporal characteristics of community profile and functional genes involved in biological metabolism, and to analyze the influence of environmental factors. The results indicated that Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the most diverse phyla with...
Source: Environmental Research - August 27, 2023 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Lin Liu Yu Xin Shan-Bin Guang Guo-Fu Lin Chao-Xiang Liu Li-Qian Zeng Shao-Qin He Yu-Ming Zheng Guan-Yu Chen Quan-Bao Zhao Source Type: research
Unlocking the benefits of split gill mushroom: Chemical analysis and prebiotic properties of schizophyllan extract
Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Aug 25:126544. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126544. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe edible split gill mushroom is considered both a nutritive and therapeutic superfood, as well as rich in schizophyllan and protein. Prebiotic properties and other biological effects distinguish the schizophyllan (β-glucan). Thus, this research investigates the identity of the mushroom strain, the nutritional composition of this mushroom, and the schizophyllan extract for further analysis, including its prebiotic activity and so on. The experimental results revealed that this mushroom was identified as Schizophyll...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - August 27, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nuttapong Saetang Rameshprabu Ramaraj Ruenkaew Praphruet Yuwalee Unpaprom Source Type: research
A review on the impacts of metal/metal nanoparticles on characteristics of hydrogels: Special focus on carbohydrate polymers
Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Aug 25:126535. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126535. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHydrogels with very interesting properties such as high water content, porosity, swelling, and mimicking the structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are promising candidates for a variety of applications. Recently, great efforts are being made to improve the shape and functionality of three-dimensional (3D) hydrogels. One of the most promising approaches is the incorporation of metal or metal nanoparticles (NPs) into hydrogels made of natural and synthetic polymers such as proteins, carbohydrates (i.e. chitosan, ...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - August 27, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zainab Ahmadian Fahimeh Kazeminava Mehdi Afrouz Mahmoud Abbaszadeh Narges Taban Mehr Jaffar Abbasi Shiran Chinmayananda Gouda Mohsen Adeli Hossein Samadi Kafil Source Type: research
Preparation, analysis and properties of shaddock ped polysaccharide and its derivatives
Carbohydr Res. 2023 Aug 23;533:108932. doi: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108932. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe shaddock ped polysaccharide (SPP) was extracted by ultrasound-assisted enzyme method. Phosphorylated shaddock ped polysaccharides (P-SPP) and acetylated shaddock ped polysaccharides (Ac-SPP) were obtained by chemical modification of SPP. The characterization methods such as infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetism were employed to characterize the structures of the two derivatives. The antioxidant activity of SPP and its derivatives was investigated by measuring their DPPH radical scavenging capacity, hydroxyl rad...
Source: Carbohydrate Research - August 27, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Bobo Lin Yumin Fan Gangliang Huang Source Type: research
