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Total 37911 results found since Jan 2013.

Medication Safety in Breastfeeding
Am Fam Physician. 2022 Dec;106(6):638-644.ABSTRACTBreastfeeding is universally recognized as the preferred method of infant nutrition, but is sometimes abbreviated because of fear of harm to the infant from maternal medication. The amount of medication that enters breast milk varies based on the maternal serum concentration and the pharmacologic properties of the medication. When prescribing medications for a breastfeeding patient, those with the lowest risk to the infant should be selected, and dosing should be before the infant's longest sleep interval. Prescribers should use current, accurate resources. LactMed is a con...
Source: American Family Physician - December 15, 2022 Category: Primary Care Authors: Jeanne P Spencer Stephanie Thomas Ruth H Trondsen Pawlowski Source Type: research

Infant breastfeeding and childhood general, visceral, liver, and pericardial fat measures assessed by magnetic resonance imaging.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that the assoiations of any breastfeeding, duration and exclusiveness of breastfeeding, and age at the introduction of solid foods with general, visceral, and organ fat measures at the age of 10 y are largely explained by family-based sociodemographic factors. PMID: 30107466 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - August 11, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Vogelezang S, Santos S, van der Beek EM, Abrahamse-Berkeveld M, Duijts L, van der Lugt A, Felix JF, Jaddoe VWV Tags: Am J Clin Nutr Source Type: research

Breastfeeding may benefit cardiometabolic health of children exposed to increased gestational glycemia in utero
ConclusionOur findings suggest breastfeeding may confer protection against adverse fat partitioning and higher triglyceride concentration among children exposed to increased glycemia in utero.
Source: European Journal of Nutrition - February 6, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Effects of Pregnancy and Breastfeeding on Clinical Outcomes and MRI Measurements of Women with Multiple Sclerosis: An Exploratory Real-World Cohort Study
ConclusionsOur study underlines the importance of considering the effects of pregnancy and breastfeeding on short- and long-term MS outcomes. In the current therapeutic landscape, pregnancy planning and treatment optimisation in the post-partum period, in particular for women who choose to breastfeed, are fundamental for the management of these biological phases so central in a woman ’s life.
Source: Neurology and Therapy - October 29, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Breastfeeding improves dynamic reorganization of functional connectivity in preterm infants: a temporal brain network study
AbstractSubstantial evidences have shown the benefits of breastfeeding to infants in terms of better nutrition and neurodevelopmental outcome. However, the relationship between brain development and feeding in preterm infants, who are physiologically and developmentally immature at birth, is only beginning to be quantitatively assessed, coinciding with the recent advent of neuroimaging techniques. In the current work, we studied a sample of 50 preterm infants —born between 29 and 33 weeks (32.20 ± 0.89 weeks) of gestational age, where 30 of them were breastfed and the remaining 20 were formula-fed. Resting-state functio...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - October 15, 2020 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Erratum: Infant breastfeeding and childhood general, visceral, liver, and pericardial fat measures assessed by magnetic resonance imaging.
Authors: PMID: 30418504 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - November 12, 2018 Category: Nutrition Tags: Am J Clin Nutr Source Type: research

The dependencies of fronto‐parietal BOLD responses evoked by covert visual search suggest eye‐centred coding
Abstract Visual scenes explored covertly are initially represented in a retinal frame of reference (FOR). On the other hand, ‘later’ stages of the cortical network allocating spatial attention most probably use non‐retinal or non‐eye‐centred representations as they may ease the integration of different sensory modalities for the formation of supramodal representations of space. We tested if the cortical areas involved in shifting covert attention are based on eye‐centred or non‐eye‐centred coding by using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Subjects were scanned while detecting a target item (a regularly...
Source: European Journal of Neuroscience - February 13, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: A. Atabaki, P.W. Dicke, H.‐O. Karnath, P. Thier Tags: Research Report Source Type: research

Real View Radiology—Impact on Search Patterns and Confidence in Radiology Education
Rationale and Objectives: Search patterns are important for radiologists because they enable systematic case review. Because radiology residents are exposed to so many imaging modalities and anatomic regions, and they rotate on-and-off service so frequently, they may have difficulty establishing effective search patterns. We developed Real View Radiology (RVR), an educational system founded on guided magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) case review and evaluated its impact on search patterns and interpretative confidence of junior radiology residents.Materials and Methods: RVR guides learners through unknown examinations by se...
Source: Academic Radiology - May 12, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: Jared H. Bailey, Trenton D. Roth, Mark D. Kohli, Darel E. Heitkamp Tags: Recipient of the 2014 Memorial Award Source Type: research

Functional Interactions Between Large-Scale Networks During Memory Search
Neuroimaging studies have identified two major large-scale brain networks, the default mode network (DMN) and the dorsal attention network (DAN), which are engaged for internally and externally directed cognitive tasks respectively, and which show anticorrelated activity during cognitively demanding tests and at rest. We identified these brain networks using independent component analysis (ICA) of functional magnetic resonance imaging data, and examined their interactions during the free-recall task, a self-initiated memory search task in which retrieval is performed in the absence of external cues. Despite the internally ...
Source: Cerebral Cortex - February 5, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Kragel, J. E., Polyn, S. M. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Visual search for feature conjunctions: an fMRI study comparing alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) to ADHD
Conclusions: Limited activation patterns in ARND suggest problems in information processing along the ventral frontoparietal attention pathway. Poor integrity of the ILF, which connects the functional components of the ventral attention network, in ARND subjects may contribute to the attention deficits characteristic of the disorder.
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - March 4, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Carrie R O’ConaillKrisztina L MaliszaJoan L BussR BolsterChristine ClancyPatricia de GervaiAlbert E ChudleySally Longstaffe Source Type: research

White Matter Hyperintensities among Older Adults Are Associated with Futile Increase in Frontal Activation and Functional Connectivity during Spatial Search
by Samuel N. Lockhart, Steven J. Luck, Joy Geng, Laurel Beckett, Elizabeth A. Disbrow, Owen Carmichael, Charles DeCarli The mechanisms by which aging and other processes can affect the structure and function of brain networks are important to understanding normal age-related cognitive decline. Advancing age is known to be associated with various disease processes, including clinically asymptomatic vascular and inflammation processes that contribute to white matter structural alteration and potential injury. The effects of these processes on the function of distributed cognitive networks, however, are poorly understood. We...
Source: PLoS One - March 20, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Samuel N. Lockhart et al. Source Type: research

Frontoparietal activation during visual conjunction search: Effects of bottom ‐up guidance and adult age
Abstract We conducted functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with a visual search paradigm to test the hypothesis that aging is associated with increased frontoparietal involvement in both target detection and bottom‐up attentional guidance (featural salience). Participants were 68 healthy adults, distributed continuously across 19 to 78 years of age. Frontoparietal regions of interest (ROIs) were defined from resting‐state scans obtained prior to task‐related fMRI. The search target was defined by a conjunction of color and orientation. Each display contained one item that was larger than the others (i.e., a s...
Source: Human Brain Mapping - January 3, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: David J. Madden, Emily L. Parks, Catherine W. Tallman, Maria A. Boylan, David A. Hoagey, Sally B. Cocjin, Micah A. Johnson, Ying ‐hui Chou, Guy G. Potter, Nan‐kuei Chen, Lauren E. Packard, Rachel E. Siciliano, Zachary A. Monge, Michele T. Diaz Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Changes in neural activation underlying attention processing of emotional stimuli following treatment with positive search training in anxious children
Publication date: Available online 11 March 2018 Source:Journal of Anxiety Disorders Author(s): Allison M. Waters, Yuan Cao, Rachel Kershaw, Georg M. Kerbler, David H.K. Shum, Melanie J. Zimmer-Gembeck, Michelle G. Craske, Brendan P. Bradley, Karin Mogg, Daniel S. Pine, Ross Cunnington Prior research indicates that positive search training (PST) may be a promising home-based computerised treatment for childhood anxiety disorders. It explicitly trains anxious individuals in adaptive, goal-directed attention-search strategies to search for positive and calm information and ignore goal-irrelevant negative cues. Although PST ...
Source: Journal of Anxiety Disorders - March 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research