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Infectious Disease: Influenza

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Transferring Patients With Refractory Hypoxemia to a Regional Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Center: Key Considerations for Clinicians
This article provides information essential for health care teams who refer their patients to such centers. The clinical indications for, and the use of, ECMO therapy in the management of refractory hypoxemia is briefly reviewed, followed by a description of how ECMO works to provide gas exchange and tissue perfusion. The primary considerations for circuit management, hemodynamic support, and pulmonary care are described, and significant complications of the therapy are identified. The remainder of the article focuses on the patient care and preparatory activities that occur before and during ECMO initiation, so that healt...
Source: AACN Advanced Critical Care - October 1, 2014 Category: Nursing Tags: Symposium Advances in Pulmonary Critical Care Nursing Source Type: research

Performance of influenza-specific triage tools in an H1N1-positive cohort: P/F ratio better predicts the need for mechanical ventilation and critical care admission
Conclusions The P/F ratio was a better predictor of need for mechanical ventilation than STSS. The P/F ratio is a simple and accepted determinant of hypoxaemia and should be used if secondary triaging becomes necessary during future influenza pandemics.
Source: British Journal of Anaesthesia - May 19, 2015 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Morton, B., Tang, L., Gale, R., Kelly, M., Robertson, H., Mogk, M., Robin, N., Welters, I. Tags: Critical Care Source Type: research

WHO (World Health Organization) Critical Care Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Training
Source: World Health Organization (WHO). Published: 2/2020. This course, updated in February 2020, is intended for clinicians who are working in intensive care units in low- and middle-income countries, and managing adult and pediatric patients with severe forms of acute respiratory infection (SARI), including severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, and septic shock. It is a hands-on practical guide to be used by health care professionals involved in critical care management during outbreaks of influenza virus (seasonal), human infection due to avian influenza virus (H5N1, H7N9), MERS-CoV, nCoV or o...
Source: Disaster Lit: Resource Guide for Disaster Medicine and Public Health - February 1, 2020 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news

Optimizing Virus Identification in Critically Ill Children Suspected of Having an Acute Severe Viral Infection*
Conclusions: Standardized specimen collection and sensitive diagnostic testing with a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction increased the identification of influenza in critically ill children. For most pathogenic viruses identified, results from nasopharyngeal flocked swabs agreed with those from nasopharyngeal or endotracheal aspirates.
Source: Pediatric Critical Care Medicine - April 1, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Tags: Feature Articles Source Type: research

Global Trends in Extracorporeal Membranous Oxygenation Use and Survival of Patients With Influenza-Associated Illness
Objectives: To determine the overall use of extracorporeal membranous oxygenation for influenza-associated illness and describe risk factors associated with mortality in these patients. Design: Retrospective multicenter cohort analysis. Setting: The international Extracorporeal Life Support Organization database was queried for patients with influenza-associated illness on extracorporeal membranous oxygenation from 1992 to 2014. Patients: In total, 1,654 patients with influenza-associated illness on extracorporeal membranous oxygenation. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Demographic and clinical data...
Source: Pediatric Critical Care Medicine - September 1, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Tags: Extracorporeal Support Source Type: research

A Multicenter Outcomes Analysis of Children With Severe Rhino/Enteroviral Respiratory Infection*
Objectives: To investigate the impact of human rhino/enteroviruses on morbidity and mortality outcomes in children with severe viral respiratory infection. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: The ICU, either PICU or cardiac ICU, at three urban academic tertiary-care children’s hospitals. Patients: All patients with laboratory-confirmed human rhino/enteroviruses infection between January 2010 and June 2011. Interventions: We captured demographic and clinical data and analyzed associated morbidity and mortality outcomes. Measurements and Main Results: There were 519 patients included in our analysis. The median pa...
Source: Pediatric Critical Care Medicine - February 1, 2015 Category: Pediatrics Tags: Feature Articles Source Type: research

The Impact of Multiple Viral Respiratory Infections on Outcomes for Critically Ill Children*
Conclusions: Multiviral infections were associated with longer PICU stay, with prolonged mechanical ventilation, with bacterial lower respiratory infections, and with central line requirement. Certain common viruses resulted in higher percentages of PICU admission as multiviral infections.
Source: Pediatric Critical Care Medicine - August 1, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Tags: Online Clinical Investigations Source Type: research

Mortality risk factors in children with severe influenza virus infection admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit
The objective of this study was to identify the mortality risk factors in the patients with severe influenza virus infection admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Seventy-seven pediatric patients with severe influenza virus infection who were admitted in the PICU at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center between 2013 and 2017 were evaluated. Data were transcribed and analyzed. The patients’ median age was 3.0 years (interquartile range, 1.0–4.0 years), with 59.7% of the patients aged 3 years accounted for 69.2% of the cases. Influenza A virus infection was found in 83.1% of the patients. Coinfe...
Source: Medicine - August 1, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research

Austral Influenza Outbreak and its impact on an Intensive Care Unit
Publication date: Available online 10 November 2017 Source:Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain Medicine Author(s): David Vandroux, Jérôme Allyn, Bernard-Alex Gaüzère, Olivier Martinet, Julien Jabot
Source: Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine - November 10, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Source Type: research

Implementation of a Preventive Services Bundle in Academic Pediatric Primary Care Centers
CONCLUSIONS: Innovative redesign led to improvement in percentage of patients age 0 to 14 months who received the entire preventive services bundle. Key elements for success were multidisciplinary site-specific teams, redesigned visit flow, effective communication, and resources for data and project management.
Source: PEDIATRICS - March 1, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Samaan, Z. M., Brown, C. M., Morehous, J., Perkins, A. A., Kahn, R. S., Mansour, M. E. Tags: Administration/Practice Management, Quality Improvement, Preventive Medicine Quality Report Source Type: research

Influenza A (H1N1pdm09)-Related Critical Illness and Mortality in Mexico and Canada, 2014*
Objectives: The 2009–2010 influenza A (H1N1pdm09) pandemic caused substantial morbidity and mortality among young patients; however, mortality estimates have been confounded by regional differences in eligibility criteria and inclusion of selected populations. In 2013–2014, H1N1pdm09 became North America’s dominant seasonal influenza strain. Our objective was to compare the baseline characteristics, resources, and treatments with outcomes among critically ill patients with influenza A (H1N1pdm09) in Mexican and Canadian hospitals in 2014 using consistent eligibility criteria. Design: Observational study and a survey...
Source: Critical Care Medicine - September 17, 2016 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Clinical Investigations Source Type: research

Pneumonia in the tropics: Report from the Task Force on tropical diseases by the World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine
The aetiology of community acquired pneumonia varies according to the region in which it is acquired. This review discusses those causes of CAP that occur in the tropics and might not be readily recognizable when transplanted to other sites. Various forms of pneumonia including the viral causes such as influenza (seasonal and avian varieties), the coronaviruses and the Hantavirus as well as bacterial causes, specifically the pneumonic form of Yersinia pestis and melioidosis are discussed.
Source: Journal of Critical Care - November 3, 2017 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Mohd Basri Mat Nor, Guy A. Richards, Steve McGloughlin, Pravin R. Amin Source Type: research

A Comparison of Thrombosis and Hemorrhage Rates in Patients With Severe Respiratory Failure Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Influenza Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
OBJECTIVES: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a lifesaving therapy for patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome refractory to conventional mechanical ventilation. It is frequently complicated by both thrombosis and hemorrhage. A markedly prothrombotic state associated with high rates of venous thromboembolism has been described in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (coronavirus disease 2019) infection. These rates have currently not been described during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in comparison to other viral pneumonias. DESIGN: Retrospective observational...
Source: Critical Care Medicine - June 28, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Online Clinical Investigation Source Type: research

Severe viral respiratory infections in the pre-COVID era: A 5-year experience in two pediatric intensive care units in Italy
CONCLUSIONS: Early identification of patients who could have a sudden respiratory deterioration and need of mechanical ventilation is crucial to reduce complications due to orotracheal intubation and prolonged hospitalization in PICU. Further studies are needed to define high-risk group of patients and to design targeted interventions.PMID:36193621 | DOI:10.1111/irv.13038
Source: Respiratory Care - October 4, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Maia De Luca Carmen D'Amore Lorenza Romani Costanza Tripiciano Vitangelo Clemente Stefania Mercadante Daniela Perrotta Joseph Nunziata Corrado Cecchetti Emanuele Rossetti Roberto Bianchi Carlo Federico Perno Paola Bernaschi Cristina Russo Laura Lancella M Source Type: research