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Infectious Disease: Hepatitis

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Prevalence, morbidity, and therapy of hepatitis E virus infection in pediatric renal allograft recipients
ConclusionsGiven an HEV seroprevalence of 13.3% in pediatric renal transplant recipients and an HEV viremia of 4.4%, HEV infection should be considered in patients with otherwise unexplained elevation of liver enzymes. HEV infection does not necessarily respond to reduction of immunosuppressive therapy, but can be effectively and safely treated with ribavirin.
Source: Pediatric Nephrology - March 2, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Moral Distress with Obstacles to Hepatitis C Treatment: A Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance (CERA) Study of Family Medicine Program Directors
Conclusions: Currently, important ethical dilemmas exist in the access and delivery of HCV therapy. Although a diversity of opinions is noted, a significant proportion of PDs are concerned about patients' inability to avail equitable care and experience distress. In some cases, this moral distress is in response to, and in conflict with, current guidelines.
Source: Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine - March 13, 2018 Category: Primary Care Authors: Simha, A., Maria Webb, C., Prasad, R., Kolb, N. R., Veldkamp, P. J. Tags: Ethics Feature Source Type: research

Implementation of a Collaborative HIV and Hepatitis C Screening Program in Appalachian Urgent Care Settings
Introduction:With the current hepatitis C (HCV) epidemic in the Appalachian region and the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection, there is a need for increased secondary prevention efforts. The purpose of this study was to implement routine HIV and HCV screenings in the urgent care setting through the use of an electronic medical record (EMR) to increase a provider ’s likelihood of testing eligible patients. Methods: From June 2017 through May 2018, EMR-based HIV and HCV screenings were implemented in three emergency department-affiliated urgent care settings: a local urgent care walk-in clinic; a univ...
Source: Western Journal of Emergency Medicine - October 10, 2018 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research

Categorization and Characterization of Activities Designed to Help Health-care Professionals Involved in Hepatitis Care Increase Their Awareness of the Disease: The Classification of Hepatitis Medical Care Coordinators.
Conclusion Our study showed that coordinators' professional skills and abilities are reflected in the contents of the activities they conduct, and that, to adequately perform their roles, they must acquire skills in addition to those required in their original occupations. To implement high-quality hepatitis countermeasures, there is a need to foster an environment that facilitates cooperation between coordinators, as well as relationship-building. PMID: 30799338 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Internal Medicine - February 26, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Intern Med Source Type: research

Doubling Hepatitis C Virus Screening in Primary Care Using Advanced Electronic Health Record Tools —A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial
ConclusionsLeveraging population analytics and bulk ordering in an electronic health record with bulk messaging to a tPHR directly engages patients in blood screening tests and can significantly improve completion. This methodology has a broad range of applications including many recommended screening or disease-specific testing. This bulk ordering and direct-to-patient messaging approach improves patient screening while decreasing provider/staff work.Trial RegistrationMetroHealth IRB16-00776 (ClinicalTrials.gov)
Source: Journal of General Internal Medicine - December 1, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Seroprevalence of Viral Hepatitis B and C and Knowledge of the Hepatitis B Virus among Pregnant Women Attending Prenatal Care in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Abstract Viral hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) can significantly influence maternal and child health. Although HIV infection, malaria, and syphilis in pregnant women are likely to be systematically screened for and managed according to national guidelines in the Democratic Republic of Congo, there is no plan for HBV and HCV. Furthermore, there is no documentation regarding pregnant women's knowledge about HBV and HCV. This situation has motivated the researchers to undertake the current study, which was designed to estimate the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV. We have also assessed knowledge of the HBV infection among...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - January 4, 2021 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Mudji J, Madinga B, Horsmans Y Tags: Am J Trop Med Hyg Source Type: research

Development of Methods to Extract RNA From Archived Pediatric Needle Liver Biopsies to Produce Sequencing Data
Genetic susceptibility has been proposed as etiopathogenic in several pediatric liver diseases including autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). High throughput sequencing (HTPS) has been applied to archived needle liver biopsies obtained from adults but rarely to pediatric biopsies. For conclusive diagnosis of AIH, most subjects have an initial formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) needle liver biopsy that is eventually archived and may be stored for decades. Objective: Our goal was to develop methods to utilize tissue from archived needle liver biopsies for extraction of RNA sufficient to produce HTPS data. Methods: ...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition - February 25, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Original Articles: Hepatology Source Type: research

Viral Hepatitis C-Related Care in Active Duty and Reserve Service Members: A Retrospective Review
CONCLUSION: As HCV screening recommendations expand to include all adults, more HCV infections will be identified in both the active and reserve components. Modern HCV therapies are both relatively short in duration as well as curative, allowing for the restoration of medical readiness and military service retention. Despite these advantages, we identified challenges of effecting HCV cures in a mobile military population. We recommend centralized compliance monitoring of not only HCV force screening but also HCV treatment to ensure maximized military medical readiness.PMID:34387685 | DOI:10.1093/milmed/usab340
Source: Military Medicine - August 13, 2021 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Allison M Bush Cara Deegan Todd Gleeson Source Type: research

Re-examining Hepatitis B Postexposure Prophylaxis Following Pediatric Community-acquired Needle-stick Injury in an Era of a National Immunization Registry
Background: Long-term hepatitis B immunity has been demonstrated following the completion of the primary vaccination series in childhood. Some guidelines recommend a hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) directed approach following community-acquired needle-stick injury (CANSI) to inform hepatitis B postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) management. We assessed the utility of anti-HBs testing post-CANSI, as well as the costing of, and adherence to PEP at a pediatric hospital. Methods: Children presenting to an Australian tertiary pediatric hospital post-CANSI (2014–2019) were identified retrospectively using medical...
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - December 15, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Vaccine Reports Source Type: research

Post-exposure prophylaxis against blood-borne viral infections among health care workers: A bibliometric analysis
CONCLUSION: Research activity in this field needs to be strengthened in low- and middle-income countries through reporting and training of HCWs.PMID:35213392 | DOI:10.3233/JRS-210078
Source: International Journal of Risk and Safety in Medicine - February 25, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Waleed M Sweileh Source Type: research