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Infectious Disease: Gastroenteritis

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Pathogen colonization of the gastrointestinal microbiome at intensive care unit admission and risk for subsequent death or infection
ConclusionsEnterococcus status at ICU admission was associated with risk for death or all-cause infection, and rectal carriage of common ICU pathogens predicted specific infections. The gastrointestinal microbiome may have a role in risk stratification and early diagnosis of ICU infections.
Source: Intensive Care Medicine - June 23, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Source Type: research

Epidemiology and outcomes of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections in intensive care unit patients: the EUROBACT-2 international cohort study
ConclusionsHA-BSI was frequently caused by Gram-negative, carbapenem-resistant and DTR pathogens. Antimicrobial resistance led to delays in adequate antimicrobial therapy. Mortality was high, and at day-28 only a minority of the patients were discharged alive from the hospital. Prevention of antimicrobial resistance and focusing on adequate antimicrobial therapy and source control are important to optimize patient management and outcomes.
Source: Intensive Care Medicine - February 10, 2023 Category: Intensive Care Source Type: research

Turgut Ozal University Faculty of Medicine 6th International Student Congress.
Abstract Turgut Ozal University Scientific Research Committee (TOBAT) was established in Turgut Ozal University Faculty of Medicine in 2009 to encourage young medical students and scientists to carry out novel scientific research in addition to their medical education in order to 1) establish a platform of informing the latest advancements in science, 2) present this work to colleagues and 3) meet and interact with their peers within the international medical and scientific community. Our committee annually organizes Turkey's most highly-qualified medical student congress with the highest number of presenters and ...
Source: Clinical and Investigative Medicine - August 21, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Faculty Of Medicine 6th International Student Congress TO Tags: Clin Invest Med Source Type: research

Causes of mortality and associated modifiable health care factors for children (< 5-years) admitted at Onandjokwe Hospital, Namibia.
CONCLUSION: A significant number of deaths in children under 5-years of age could be avoided by paying attention to the modifiable factors identified in this study. PMID: 26245607 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Primary Care - August 8, 2015 Category: Primary Care Authors: Mdala JF, Mash R Tags: Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med Source Type: research

COVID-19: Physicians in Shackles
By ANISH KOKA, MD A number of politically tinged narratives have divided physicians during the pandemic. It would be unfortunate if politics obscured the major problem brought into stark relief by the pandemic: a system that marginalizes physicians and strips them of agency. In practices big and small, hospital-employed or private practice, nursing homes or hospitals, there are serious issues raising their heads for doctors and their patients. No masks for you When I walked into my office Thursday, March 12th, I assembled the office staff for the first time to talk about COVID.  The prior weekend had been awa...
Source: The Health Care Blog - May 2, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Christina Liu Tags: COVID-19 Medical Practice Physicians Anish Koka medical autonomy Pandemic Source Type: blogs

Impact of patient race/ethnicity on emergency department management of pediatric gastroenteritis in the setting of a clinical pathway
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the presence of a clinical pathway to guide care, NH-Black, Hispanic, and NH-other children presenting to the ED with AGE/dehydration were less likely to receive IVF or hospital admission and had shorter LOS compared to NH-White counterparts. There was no difference in patient revisits which suggests discretionary overtreatment of NH-White patients, even with clinical guidelines in place. Further research is needed to understand the drivers of differences in care to develop interventions promoting equity in pediatric emergency care.PMID:33745207 | DOI:10.1111/acem.14255
Source: Accident and Emergency Nursing - March 21, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Morgan Congdon Stephanie A Schnell Tatiana Londo ño Gentile Jennifer A Faerber Christopher P Bonafide Mercedes M Blackstone Tiffani J Johnson Source Type: research

Challenge to the Intestinal Mucosa During Sepsis
Conclusion The impact of sepsis on the gut is manifold, e.g., sepsis mediated alteration of the gut-blood barrier and increase in the intestinal permeability, which may correlate with the phenomena of bacterial translocation and lymphatic activation (“toxic-lymph”). Systemic consequences of sepsis are widespread and concern to the coagulative system, the microbiome as well as enzymes, such as pancreatic proteases, MMPs and IAPs. Nevertheless, the therapeutic approaches for modulating the mucosal immune system are still rarely effective in daily routine. Recent published studies showing that treatment with ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 29, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Evaluation of Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Properties of Iranian Sea Salts: An < em > In Vitro < /em > Study
CONCLUSION: Sea salts had significant antimicrobial effects on cariogenic bacteria and C. albicans. Therefore, sea salts can be a suitable candidate for mouthwash.PMID:34963778 | PMC:PMC8710362 | DOI:10.1155/2021/8495596
Source: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine - December 29, 2021 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Mohammad Nima Motallaei Mohsen Yazdanian Hamid Tebyaniyan Elahe Tahmasebi Mostafa Alam Kamyar Abbasi Reza Ranjbar Alireza Yazdanian Mehrdad Moosazadeh Moghaddam Hamid Sedighian Source Type: research

Pegylated E. coli Asparaginase Desensitization: An Effective and Feasible Option for Pediatric Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Who Have Developed Hypersensitivity to Pegaspargase in the Absence of Asparaginase Erwinia Chrysanthemi availability
Conclusions: Pegaspargase can be safely administered to patients who have had a prior hypersensitivity to pegaspargase using a standard rapid desensitization protocol. Per our experience, the desensitization protocol is safe and effective in maintaining sustained levels of asparaginase activity, and could be cost effective when Erwinaze® is not available.DisclosuresNo relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Verma, A., Chen, K., Johnsen, J., Barnette, P. Tags: 614. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Therapy, excluding Transplantation Source Type: research

Hospital's observed specific standard practice: A novel measure of variation in care for common inpatient pediatric conditions
ConclusionWe found substantial variation in the components and adherence to HOSSP. Hospitals with greater HOSSP adherence had lower costs for these conditions. This suggests hospitals can use data around laboratory, imaging, and medication prescribing practices to drive standardization of care, reduce unnecessary testing and treatment, determine best practices, and reduce costs.
Source: Journal of Hospital Medicine - March 28, 2022 Category: Hospital Management Authors: Leigh Anne Bakel, Troy Richardson, Heidi Gruhler De Souza, Sunitha V. Kaiser, Sanjay Mahant, Jennifer D. Treasure, Ilana Y. Waynik, Jeffrey C. Winer, Lalit Bajaj Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research

Lack of Knowledge and Low Readiness for Health Care Transition in Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis
Conclusions: There was a significant deficit in HCT knowledge, and HCT readiness scores were lower than other chronic health conditions. HCT preparation and readiness assessments should become a priority for adolescents/young adults with EoE/EGE and their parents.
Source: Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition - June 27, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Original Articles: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Epidemiological trends of fatal pediatric trauma: A single-center study
To evaluate the potential risk factors which increase the incidence of post-trauma complications and mortality in pediatric population. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients below 18 years of age with a fatal outcome who were admitted to an Indian level-1 trauma center between January 2013 and December 2015. This cohort was analyzed to determine the demographics, injury mechanism, injury severity, microbiological profile, and cause of death. In total, 320 pediatric patients with a fatal outcome were studied which showed male preponderance (71.56%). The median age of the patients was 11 years (range, 0.14...
Source: Medicine - September 1, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research