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Infectious Disease: Gastroenteritis

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Total 46825 results found since Jan 2013.

The Gut & #8211;brain axis: A new pathogenic view of neurologic symptoms & #8211; Description of a pediatric case
Raffaele Falsaperla, Catia Romano, Piero Pavone, Giovanna Vitaliti, Qian Yuan, Nazgole Motamed-Gorji, Riccardo LubranoJournal of Pediatric Neurosciences 2017 12(1):105-108 Recent literature data have given emphasis to the relationship between gastrointestinal (GI) disorders and neurologic diseases, underlying a new pathogenic pathway: The so-called “gut–brain axis.” Herein, authors report a case of a 10-month-old male infant, admitted for drug-resistant epilepsy, associated with irritable behavior and GI discomfort, secondary to cow's milk protein allergy. Seizures were de...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences - May 4, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Raffaele Falsaperla Catia Romano Piero Pavone Giovanna Vitaliti Qian Yuan Nazgole Motamed-Gorji Riccardo Lubrano Source Type: research

Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among gram-negative isolates in an adult intensive care unit at a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia
CONCLUSION:Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging problem in the KFNGH ICU, justifying new more stringent antibiotic prescription guidelines. Continuous monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility and strict adherence to infection prevention guidelines are essential to eliminate major outbreaks in the future.
Source: Annals of Saudi Medicine - July 25, 2017 Category: General Medicine Tags: ISSUE 5 Source Type: research

Outcome of pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoblastic lymphoma with hypersensitivity to pegaspargase treated with PEGylated Erwinia asparaginase, pegcrisantaspase: A report from the Children's Oncology Group
ConclusionsThis small series of patients, nonetheless, provides data, suggesting preexisting immunogenicity against the PEG moiety of pegaspargase and poses the question as to whether PEGylation may be an effective strategy to optimize Erwinia asparaginase administration. Further study of larger cohorts is needed to determine the incidence of preexisting antibodies against PEG‐mediated hypersensitivity to pegaspargase.
Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer - November 1, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Rachel E. Rau, ZoAnn Dreyer, Mi Rim Choi, Wei Liang, Roman Skowronski, Krishna P. Allamneni, Meenakshi Devidas, Elizabeth A. Raetz, Peter C. Adamson, Susan M. Blaney, Mignon L. Loh, Stephen P. Hunger Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Successful treatment of chronic norovirus gastroenteritis with nitazoxanide in a pediatric kidney transplant recipient
Pediatric Transplantation, EarlyView.
Source: Pediatric Transplantation - April 10, 2018 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Kathryn Haubrich , Soren Gantt , Tom Blydt ‐Hansen Source Type: research

Eculizumab treatment in severe pediatric STEC-HUS: a multicenter retrospective study
ConclusionsTaken together, these results may support EC use in severe STEC-HUS patients, especially those presenting severe neurological symptoms. The study, however, is limited by absence of a control group and use of multiple therapeutic interventions in treatment groups. Thus, prospective, controlled trials should be undertaken.
Source: Pediatric Nephrology - June 26, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Community-acquired Urinary Tract Infections in Children: Resistance Patterns of Uropathogens in a Tertiary Care Centre in Saudi Arabia
ConclusionE. coli is the predominant uropathogen causing UTIs in children, yet there is a high rate of multidrug-resistant organisms. For children admitted for a community-acquired UTI, a third-generation cephalosporin remains an appropriate empiric antibiotic. Our study and the work of others emphasize the importance of choosing empiric antibiotics for paediatric UTIs based on local resistance patterns.
Source: International Journal of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine - March 9, 2019 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

High mobility group box protein 1 neutralization therapy in ovine bacteremia: Lessons learned from an ovine septic shock model incorporating intensive care support.
In this study, sepsis was induced in six anaesthetized adult Border Leicester × Merino ewes via intravenous instillation of E. coli and sheep monitored according to intensive care unit standard protocols for 26 h, with the requirement for noradrenaline as the primary endpoint. Septic sheep exhibited a hyperdynamic circulation, renal dysfunction, deranged coagulation profile and severe metabolic acidosis. Sheep were assigned a severity of illness score, which increased over time. While a therapeutic effect of intravenous anti-HMGB1 antibody could not be observed in this model due to limited animal numbers, a reduced bacter...
Source: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine - October 12, 2019 Category: General Medicine Tags: Exp Ther Med Source Type: research

Bacterial Invasive infections in a neonatal intensive care unit: a 13 years microbiological report from a tertiary referral centre
Conclusion:The high percentage of invasive infections due to bacteria not previously identified in surveillance cultures raises doubts about the efficiency of this procedure and highlights the need to search for alternative infection sources. This finding and the high prevalence of invasive infections due to nosocomial pathogens such asStaphylococcus aureus could be the result of horizontal transmission between patients through the hands of health care professionals, emphasizing once again the importance of applying stringent hand hygiene procedures and isolation standards.
Source: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene - March 3, 2020 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Marcello Mariani, Roberto Bandettini, Daniela La Masa, Diego Minghetti, Ivana Baldelli, Simona Serveli, Alessio Mesini, Luca A. Ramenghi, Elio Castagnola Source Type: research

A Clinical Epidemiology and Molecular Attribution Evaluation of Adenoviruses in Pediatric Acute Gastroenteritis: a Case-Control Study Virology
The objective of this study was to characterize the etiological role of human adenovirus (HAdV) serotypes in pediatric gastroenteritis. Using a case-control design, we compared the frequencies of HAdV serotypes between children with ≥3 episodes of vomiting or diarrhea within 24 h and <7 days of symptoms (i.e., cases) and those with no infectious symptoms (i.e., controls). Stool samples and/or rectal swabs underwent molecular serotyping with cycle threshold (Ct) values provided by multiplex real-time reverse transcription-PCR testing. Cases without respiratory symptoms were analyzed to calculate the proportion of dise...
Source: Journal of Clinical Microbiology - December 17, 2020 Category: Microbiology Authors: Pabbaraju, K., Tellier, R., Pang, X.-L., Xie, J., Lee, B. E., Chui, L., Zhuo, R., Vanderkooi, O. G., Ali, S., Tarr, P. I., Funk, A., Freedman, S. B., on behalf of the Alberta Provincial Pediatric EnTeric Infection TEam (APPETITE) Tags: Virology Source Type: research

Study of microbiological and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) in ICU of a tertiary care hospital in Nepal
CONCLUSION: Based on these results, an empiric approach to antibiotic treatment can be made tailored to the specific settings. Given the magnitude of drug resistance and its implicated financial and societal burden, there is an urgent need for broad implementation of Antibiotic Stewardship programs across all health care settings.PMID:33681059 | PMC:PMC7928152 | DOI:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1430_20
Source: Primary Care - March 8, 2021 Category: Primary Care Authors: Deebya R Mishra Divya S Shah Niharika Shah Jagat N Prasad Pramendra P Gupta Krishna K Agrawaal Source Type: research

Higher Prevalence of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Among Patients with Diabetes from a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kathmandu, Nepal
This study aimed to determine the occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes for β-lactamases; blaTEM and blaCTX-M in uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infection (UTI) suspected diabetic and nondiabetic patients. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Kathmandu Model Hospital, Kathmandu, in association with the Department of Microbiology, GoldenGate International College, Kathmandu, Nepal, from June to December 2018. A total of 1,267 nonduplicate midstream urine specimens were obtained and processed immediately for isolation of uropathogens. The isolates were subjected to antibioti...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - August 23, 2021 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Tulsi Nayaju Milan Kumar Upreti Alina Ghimire Basudha Shrestha Basanta Maharjan Rajesh Dhoj Joshi Binod Lekhak Upendra Thapa Shrestha Source Type: research