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Caveolin-1 in stroke neuropathology and neuroprotection: a novel molecular therapeutic target for ischemic-related injury.
Abstract Cardiovascular disease and associated cerebral stroke are a global epidemic attributed to genetic and epigenetic factors, such as diet, life style and an increasingly sedentary existence due to technological advances in both the developing and developed world. There are approximately 5.9 million stroke-related deaths worldwide annually. Current epidemiological data indicate that nearly 16.9 million people worldwide suffer a new or recurrent stroke yearly. In 2014 alone, 2.4% of adults in the United States (U.S.) were estimated to experience stroke, which is the leading cause of adult disability and the fi...
Source: Current Vascular Pharmacology - February 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Wang S, Head BP Tags: Curr Vasc Pharmacol Source Type: research

Drug treatments to restore vascular function and diabesity.
Abstract Over the last decades, an escalating rate of type 2 diabetes has paralleled an epidemic rise in the prevalence of obesity. Both diabetes and obesity confer an increased risk of cardiovascular comorbidities, including hypertension, coronary artery disease and stroke. Vascular dysfunction, represented by impaired endothelial release of vasodilator substances or defective smooth muscle vasodilator reactivity, is the early stage of the process leading to atherosclerosis and a common finding in patients with diabesity. It is understandable, therefore, that effective treatments for diabesity should restore vasc...
Source: Annales Pharmaceutiques Francaises - January 1, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Cardillo C Tags: Ann Pharm Fr Source Type: research

Insulin Resistance, Small LDL Particles, and Risk for Atherosclerotic Disease.
Abstract There is a global epidemic of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus. Insulin resistance (IR) is etiologic for both metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. IR induces a broad range of toxic systemic effects, including dyslipidemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, increased production of advanced glycosylation end products, increased inflammatory tone, as well as a prothrombotic and pro-oxidative state. Patients with IR are highly vulnerable to the development of accelerated atherosclerosis as well its clinical sequelae, including coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction, carotid artery...
Source: Current Vascular Pharmacology - April 25, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Toth PP Tags: Curr Vasc Pharmacol Source Type: research

Translational Significance of Heme Oxygenase in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome
Publication date: Available online 26 October 2015 Source:Trends in Pharmacological Sciences Author(s): Nader G. Abraham, Joshua M. Junge, George S. Drummond The global epidemic of obesity continues unabated with sequelae of diabetes and metabolic syndrome. This review reflects the dramatic increase in research on the role of increased expression of heme oxygenase (HO)-1/HO-2, biliverdin reductase, and HO activity on vascular disease. The HO system engages with other systems to mitigate the deleterious effects of oxidative stress in obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent reports indicate that HO-1/HO-2 prote...
Source: Trends in Pharmacological Sciences - October 27, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Nanocarriers as treatment modalities for hypertension.
Authors: Alam T, Khan S, Gaba B, Haider MF, Baboota S, Ali J Abstract Hypertension, a worldwide epidemic at present, is not a disease in itself rather it is an important risk factor for serious cardiovascular disorders including myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and peripheral artery disease. Though numerous drugs acting via different mechanism of action are available in the market as conventional formulations for the treatment of hypertension but they face substantial challenges regarding their bioavailability, dosing and associated adverse effects which greatly limit their therapeutic efficacies. Vari...
Source: Drug Delivery - February 8, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Drug Deliv Source Type: research

A Brief Review of Cardiovascular Diseases, Associated Risk Factors and Current Treatment Regimes.
Abstract Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of premature death and disability in humans and their incidence is on the rise globally. Given their substantial contribution towards the escalating costs of health care, they also generate a high socio-economic burden in the general population. The underlying pathogenesis and progression associated with nearly all CVDs is predominantly of atherosclerotic origin that leads to the development of coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, venous thromboembolism and, peripheral vascular disease, subsequently causing myocardial infarction, cardiac ar...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - September 24, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Flora GD, Nayak MK Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Burden of stroke in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A soaring epidemic
Publication date: Available online 12 February 2021Source: Saudi Pharmaceutical JournalAuthor(s): Rehana Basri, Rakhi Issrani, Siew Hua Gan, Namdeo Prabhu, Mohammad Khursheed Alam
Source: Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal - February 12, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Prevalence of micro and macro vascular complications and their risk factors in type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabian population: an analysis from SHIS
CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of microvascular and macrovascular complications in diabetic patients poses a serious threat to public health in Saudi Arabia. A multisectoral approach needs to be undertaken to properly control and modify common risk factors at the community level.PMID:34227065 | DOI:10.26355/eurrev_202106_26137
Source: Pharmacological Reviews - July 6, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: M S Ahmad T Alslamah S M Alannaz R A Shaik R K Ahmad M Yusuf M Khan A Ghimire Source Type: research

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