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Infectious Disease: Endemics
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Total 24836 results found since Jan 2013.
Culture-positive Pediatric Tuberculosis in Toronto, Ontario: Sources of Infection and Relationship of Birthplace and Mycobacterial Lineage to Phenotype
We examined clinical, demographic and Mtb genotype data from patients with TB who were treated in Toronto between 2002 and 2012.
Methods: Consecutive Mtb culture-positive, pediatric patients were included. Clinical data were collected from a prospectively populated clinical database. Mtb case isolate genotypes were identified using Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Units–Variable Number Tandem Repeat (MIRU-VNTR) and spoligotyping and were categorized into phylogeographic lineages for analysis.
Results: The 77 patients included 30.4% of all culture-positive pediatric TB cases in Ontario from 2002 to 2012. Seventy-six ...
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - December 12, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research
Epidemiology of Pediatric Coccidioidomycosis in California, 2000–2012
Conclusions: Similar to recent increases among adults, reported pediatric coccidioidomycosis cases and hospitalizations have increased in California since 2000, disproportionately affecting certain demographic groups. The burden of coccidioidomycosis among California children emphasizes the need for more awareness and research into this reemerging fungal disease in endemic and nonendemic areas.
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - January 12, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research
Selective decontamination of the digestive tract and oropharynx: after 30 years of debate is the definitive answer in sight?
Purpose of review: Selective digestive or oropharyngeal decontamination has been being used as a means to prevent infections and death in intensive care patients for the past 30 years. It remains controversial and its use is limited. In this review, we summarize the recently published data on efficacy of selective decontamination and effects on antibiotic resistances.
Recent findings: The most recent meta-analysis shows a reduced mortality when selective digestive or oropharyngeal decontamination are compared with either standard care or oropharyngeal chlorhexidine. Selective decontamination is associated with reduced bac...
Source: Current Opinion in Critical Care - March 6, 2016 Category: Nursing Tags: GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM: Edited by Craig Coopersmith Source Type: research
Health Care Seeking Behavior of Persons with Acute Chagas Disease in Rural Argentina: A Qualitative View.
Authors: Llovet I, Dinardi G, Canevari C, Torabi N
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) is a tropical parasitic disease largely underdiagnosed and mostly asymptomatic affecting marginalized rural populations. Argentina regularly reports acute cases of CD, mostly young individuals under 14 years old. There is a void of knowledge of health care seeking behavior in subjects experiencing a CD acute condition. Early treatment of the acute case is crucial to limit subsequent development of disease. The article explores how the health outcome of persons with acute CD may be conditioned by their health care seeking behavior. The s...
Source: Journal of Tropical Medicine - November 12, 2016 Category: Tropical Medicine Tags: J Trop Med Source Type: research
Strategies in Ebola virus disease (EVD) diagnostics at the point of care.
Abstract
Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a devastating, highly infectious illness with a high mortality rate. The disease is endemic to regions of Central and West Africa, where there is limited laboratory infrastructure and trained staff. The recent 2014 West African EVD outbreak has been unprecedented in case numbers and fatalities, and has proven that such regional outbreaks can become a potential threat to global public health, as it became the source for the subsequent transmission events in Spain and the USA. The urgent need for rapid and affordable means of detecting Ebola is crucial to control the spread of E...
Source: Critical Reviews in Microbiology - April 25, 2017 Category: Microbiology Authors: Coarsey CT, Esiobu N, Narayanan R, Pavlovic M, Shafiee H, Asghar W Tags: Crit Rev Microbiol Source Type: research
Travel Characteristics and Pretravel Health Care Among Pregnant or Breastfeeding U.S. Women Preparing for International Travel.
CONCLUSION: Most pregnant and breastfeeding travelers seen for pretravel health consultations traveled to destinations with high risk for vector-borne or other travel-related diseases. Destination-specific preventive interventions were frequently underused.
PMID: 29112671 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology - November 3, 2017 Category: OBGYN Authors: Hagmann SHF, Rao SR, LaRocque RC, Erskine S, Jentes ES, Walker AT, Barnett ED, Chen LH, Hamer DH, Ryan ET, Global TravEpiNet Consortium and the Boston Area Travel Medicine Network Tags: Obstet Gynecol Source Type: research
It ’s Not the Death, It’s the Dying: Moral Distress in Palliative Care
by Vickie LeffEvery day, we get involved in unbelievable and incredible situations. Tragedy, sadness, horrific trauma, despair, and hopelessness all wrap themselves around the cases we drop into. We step onto the stage and become part of the story.Moral distress – the discomfort, angst, and frustration related to situations in which we think we know the “right thing” to do, but cannot due to the situation – is endemic to palliative care and hospice work. Some examples are:Aggressive chemotherapy for a dying cancer patient with days to live.Dumping the truth on a patient overwhelmed and alone.Following the trea...
Source: Pallimed: A Hospice and Palliative Medicine Blog - January 19, 2018 Category: Palliative Care Tags: moral distress social work social worker Vickie Leff Source Type: blogs
"Kala-Azar is a Dishonest Disease": Community Perspectives on Access Barriers to Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala-Azar) Diagnosis and Care in Southern Gadarif, Sudan.
Abstract
Early diagnosis and treatment is the principal strategy to control visceral leishmaniasis (VL), or kala-azar in East Africa. As VL strikes remote rural, sparsely populated areas, kala-azar care might not be accessed optimally or timely. We conducted a qualitative study to explore access barriers in a longstanding kala-azar endemic area in southern Gadarif, Sudan. Former kala-azar patients or caretakers, community leaders, and health-care providers were purposively sampled and thematic data analysis was used. Our study participants revealed the multitude of difficulties faced when seeking care. The disease...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - February 26, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Sunyoto T, Adam GK, Atia AM, Hamid Y, Babiker RA, Abdelrahman N, Vander Kelen C, Ritmeijer K, Alcoba G, den Boer M, Picado A, Boelaert M Tags: Am J Trop Med Hyg Source Type: research
It ’s Not the Death, It’s the Dying: Moral Distress in Palliative Care
by Vickie LeffEvery day, we get involved in unbelievable and incredible situations. Tragedy, sadness, horrific trauma, despair, and hopelessness all wrap themselves around the cases we drop into. We step onto the stage and become part of the story.Moral distress – the discomfort, angst, and frustration related to situations in which we think we know the “right thing” to do, but cannot due to the situation – is endemic to palliative care and hospice work. Some examples are:Aggressive chemotherapy for a dying cancer patient with days to live.Dumping the truth on a patient overwhelmed and alone.Following the trea...
Source: Pallimed: A Hospice and Palliative Medicine Blog - January 19, 2018 Category: Palliative Care Tags: leff moral distress social work social worker Source Type: blogs
Sociocultural dynamics that influence Chagas disease health care in Colombia
This study aimed to identify and characterize the sociocultural dynamics that influence CD health care in Colombia.Data for our ethnographic study was collected in 2013 and included participant observation in two main endemic areas in Colombia. In addition, 81 people belonging to four groups (patients and family members; health care workers; researchers; and officers) were recruited through snowball sampling technique and participated in informal and semi-structured interviews. People from the first two groups also participated in social cartography excercises.Data analysis resulted in the identification of three main soci...
Source: Social Science and Medicine - September 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Pediatric Coccidioidomycosis: Case Series From a California Pediatric Infectious Diseases Clinic
We describe clinical findings, diagnosis and management of coccidioidomycosis in 108 pediatric patients seen in an outpatient clinic in the California Central Valley, an area endemic for coccidioidomycosis.
Methods:
We reviewed medical records of a convenience sample of pediatric patients (≤17 years of age) diagnosed with coccidioidomycosis who visited an infectious diseases clinic in Madera, CA, during January 1 to October 1, 2012. We described demographic characteristics, symptoms, diagnostic testing, extent of infection (acute/pulmonary or disseminated), treatment and management.
Results:
Of 108 patients, 90 (83...
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - January 12, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research
A Critical Enquiry into Variability of Insecticidal Net Use in Cambodia: Implications for Assessing Appropriateness of Malaria Elimination Interventions.
Abstract
Distributing long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) to individuals living in malaria-endemic regions is a cornerstone of global malaria control. National malaria control programs aim to achieve "universal coverage" of at-risk populations to reach LLINs' full potential to reduce malaria, progress of which is then measured by indicators constructed from standardized questionnaires. Through an exploration of variability in LLIN use in Cambodia, we argue that indicators of universal coverage of LLINs are not sufficiently commensurate with the realities they are intended to measure, limiting the suitability of...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - April 14, 2019 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Gryseels C, Bannister-Tyrrell M, Uk S, Set S, Sokha S, Gerrets R, Peeters Grietens K Tags: Am J Trop Med Hyg Source Type: research
The Military Orthopedics Tracking Injuries and Outcomes Network: A Solution for Improving Musculoskeletal Care in the Military Health System.
CONCLUSIONS: MOTION was established to capture the data that are necessary to improve military medical readiness and optimize medical resource utilization through the systematic evaluation of short- and long-term musculoskeletal injury patient outcomes. The systematic enhancement of musculoskeletal injury care through data analyses aligns with the National Defense Authorization Act (2017) and Defense Health Agency's Quadruple Aim, which emphasizes optimizing healthcare delivery and Service Member medical readiness. This transformative approach to musculoskeletal care can be applied across disciplines within the Military He...
Source: Military Medicine - November 27, 2020 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Tags: Mil Med Source Type: research
Evaluation of the Panbio Leptospira IgM ELISA among Outpatients Attending Primary Care in Southeast Asia
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Mar 15:tpmd200818. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0818. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDespite estimates suggesting Leptospira spp. being endemic in Southeast Asia, evidence remains limited. Diagnostic accuracy evaluations based on Leptospira ELISA mainly rely on hospitalized and severe patients; therefore, studies measuring the pathogen burden may be inaccurate in the community. We evaluated the Panbio Leptospira ELISA IgM among 656 febrile outpatients attending primary care in Chiangrai, Thailand, and Hlaing Tha Yar, Yangon, Myanmar. ELISA demonstrated limited diagnostic accuracy for the detection of acute ...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - March 16, 2021 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Sandhya Dhawan Thomas Althaus Yoel Lubell Duangjai Suwancharoen Stuart D Blacksell Source Type: research
Evaluation of the Point-of-Care Circulating Cathodic Antigen Assay for Monitoring Mass Drug Administration in a Schistosoma mansoni Control Program in Western Kenya
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Nov 8:tpmd210599. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.21-0599. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe WHO guidelines for monitoring and evaluating Schistosoma mansoni control programs are based on the Kato-Katz (KK) fecal examination method; however, there are limitations to its use, particularly in low prevalence areas. The point-of-care urine circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) assay has emerged as a useful tool for mapping schistosomiasis prevalence, but its use in monitoring and evaluating control programs has not been evaluated. Before POC-CCA can be used for these programs, it must be determined how previous gui...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - November 8, 2021 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Anne Straily Emmy A Kavere Dollycate Wanja Ryan E Wiegand Susan P Montgomery Alex Mwaki Alie Eleveld William E Secor Maurice R Odiere Source Type: research
