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Previous Statin Use and High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics of Intracranial Atherosclerotic Plaque: The Intensive Statin Treatment in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients With Intracranial Atherosclerosis Study Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Premorbid statin usage is independently associated with reduced plaque enhancement and a decrease in large cortical lesions in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stroke.
Source: Stroke - June 26, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Chung, J.-W., Hwang, J., Lee, M. J., Cha, J., Bang, O. Y. Tags: Lipids and Cholesterol, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Treatment, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Ischemic Stroke Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Infratentorial Microbleeds: Another Sign of Microangiopathy in Migraine Brief Reports
Conclusions— Migraine, notably without aura, is associated with infratentorial CMBs at older age. CMBs and infarcts co-occur more often in migraine than in controls. This supports the hypothesis of small-vessel involvement in migraine pathophysiology.
Source: Stroke - June 22, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Arkink, E. B., Terwindt, G. M., de Craen, A. J. M., Konishi, J., van der Grond, J., van Buchem, M. A., Ferrari, M. D., Kruit, M. C., on behalf of the PROSPER Study Group Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke, Computerized tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Risk Factors for Stroke Brief Reports Source Type: research

Prestroke Statins, Progression of White Matter Hyperintensities, and Cognitive Decline in Stroke Patients with Confluent White Matter Hyperintensities
In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that prestroke statin use would reduce the progression of WMH and/or cognitive decline among stroke patients with confluent WMH. Patients (n = 100) were participants of the VITAmins To Prevent Stroke magnetic resonance imaging substudy. All patients had confluent WMH on magnetic resonance imaging at baseline. Eighty-one patients completed the 2-year follow-up. We assessed general cognition and executive function using the mini-mental state examination and Mattis dementia rating scale–initiation/perseveration subscale, respectively. We compared the change in volume of WMH ...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - July 1, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Emerging Role of Carotid MRI for Personalized Ischemic Stroke Risk Prediction in Patients With Carotid Artery Stenosis
Rupture of a vulnerable carotid plaque is an important cause of ischemic stroke. Prediction models can support medical decision-making by estimating individual probabilities of future events, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide detailed information on plaque vulnerability. In this review, prediction models for medium to long-term (>90 days) prediction of recurrent ischemic stroke among patients on best medical treatment for carotid stenosis are evaluated, and the emerging role of MRI of the carotid plaque for personalized ischemic stroke prediction is discussed. A systematic search identified two models; ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - August 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Ultra-Sensitive Molecular MRI of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Reveals a Dynamic Inflammatory Penumbra After Strokes Basic Sciences
Conclusions— MPIOs-αVCAM-1–enhanced imaging seems to be promising in the detection of individuals presenting with severe cerebrovascular responses after stroke, which could therefore benefit from anti-inflammatory treatments.
Source: Stroke - June 24, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Gauberti, M., Montagne, A., Marcos-Contreras, O. A., Le Behot, A., Maubert, E., Vivien, D. Tags: Computerized tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Thrombolysis, Endothelium/vascular type/nitric oxide Basic Sciences Source Type: research

Long-Term Effect of Fee-For-Service-Based Reimbursement Cuts on Processes and Outcomes of Care for Stroke: Interrupted Time-Series Study From Taiwan Original Articles
Conclusions— There are improvement trends in processes and outcomes of care over time. However, the reimbursement cuts from the FFS-based global budget cap are associated with trend changes in processes and outcomes of care for stroke. The FFS-based reimbursement cuts may have long-term positive and negative associations with stroke care.
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes - January 20, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Tung, Y.-C., Chang, G.-M., Cheng, S.-H. Tags: Health policy and outcome research Original Articles Source Type: research

Stenosis Length and Degree Interact With the Risk of Cerebrovascular Events Related to Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis
Conclusion: We found a statistically insignificant tendency for the ultrasound-measured length of sICAS<70% to be longer than that of sICAS≥70%. Moreover, the ultrasound-measured length of sICAS<90% was significantly longer than that of sICAS 90%. Among patients with sICAS≥70%, the degree and length of stenosis were inversely correlated. Larger studies are needed before a clinical implication can be drawn from these results. Introduction Internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS) causes around one-fifth of ischemic cerebrovascular stroke and has the highest risk of early stroke recurrence...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Consecutive Slides on Axial View Is More Effective Than Transversal Diameter to Differentiate Mechanisms of Single Subcortical Infarctions in the Lenticulostriate Artery Territory
Conclusion: Consecutive slides on axial view (≥4 consecutive slices) might be more effective than transversal diameter to identify the atherosclerotic mechanisms of SSIs in the lenticulostriate artery territory. Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00664846 Introduction Single subcortical infarctions (SSIs) have been considered to be caused by lipohyalinosis degeneration in small artery disease, traditionally called lacunar infarct (1). However, atherosclerosis occurring in the parental artery blocking the orifice of the branch artery or atherosclerosis in the p...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A Case of Transient Global Amnesia: A Review and How It May Shed Further Insight into the Neurobiology of Delusions
Conclusion In closing, our patient’s episode of TGA combined with her emotional and perceptual response lends credence to the proposal of a “fear/paranoia” circuit in the genesis of paranoid delusions—a circuit incorporating amygdala, frontal, and parietal cortices. Here, neutral or irrelevant stimuli, thoughts, and percepts come to engender fear and anxiety, while dysfunction in frontoparietal circuitry engenders inappropriate social predictions and maladaptive inferences about the intentions of others.[54] Hippocampus relays information about contextual information based on past experiences and the current situat...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - April 1, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Cognition Current Issue Dementia Medical Issues Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Psychiatry Schizophrenia delusions hippocampus neurobiology Transient global amnesia Source Type: research

Interaction of incidental microbleeds and prior use of antithrombotics with early hemorrhagic transformation: Causative or protective ?
Conclusion: Presence of incidental CMBs was not associated with increased risk for early HT of an ischemic stroke. Interestingly, the prior intake of antiplatelets was found to be protective against HT of ischemic stroke.
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - November 21, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Konark Malhotra Monica Khunger Bichun Ouyang David S Liebeskind Yousef M Mohammad Source Type: research

Tangier disease may cause early onset of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction: A case report
Rationale: The present study explored the relationship between the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette A1 (ABCA1) gene, atherosclerosis, and cerebral infarction. The diagnosis and treatment ideas of stroke caused by Tangier disease via the summary of the diagnosis and treatment process of one case with juvenile stroke were explored. The relevant literature on the clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, and treatment of Tangier disease was reviewed. Patient concerns: The brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of a juvenile man with acute onset of sudden right limb weakness and speechlessness reveale...
Source: Medicine - September 1, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Case Report Source Type: research

Strategies of Clopidogrel Load and Atorvastatin Reload to Prevent Ischemic Cerebral Events in Patients Undergoing Protected Carotid Stenting Results of the Randomized ARMYDA-9 CAROTID (Clopidogrel and Atorvastatin Treatment During Carotid Artery Stenting) Study
ConclusionsIn patients undergoing carotid stenting, a strategy using both a 600-mg clopidogrel load and a short-term reload with high-dose atorvastatin protects against early ischemic cerebral events. These results, obtained along with routine mechanical neuroprotection, provide new evidence of the optimization of drug therapy before percutaneous carotid intervention. (Clopidogrel and Atorvastatin Treatment During Carotid Artery Stenting [ARMYDA-9 CAROTID]; NCT01572623)
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions - March 25, 2013 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Strategies of Clopidogrel Load and Atorvastatin Reload to Prevent Ischemic Cerebral Events in Patients Undergoing Protected Carotid Stenting: Results of the Randomized ARMYDA-9 CAROTID (Clopidogrel and Atorvastatin Treatment During Carotid Artery Stenting) Study
Conclusions: In patients undergoing carotid stenting, a strategy using both a 600-mg clopidogrel load and a short-term reload with high-dose atorvastatin protects against early ischemic cerebral events. These results, obtained along with routine mechanical neuroprotection, provide new evidence of the optimization of drug therapy before percutaneous carotid intervention. (Clopidogrel and Atorvastatin Treatment During Carotid Artery Stenting [ARMYDA-9 CAROTID]; NCT01572623)
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - March 14, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Giuseppe Patti, Fabrizio Tomai, Rosetta Melfi, Elisabetta Ricottini, Michele Macrì, Pietro Sedati, Arianna Giardina, Cristina Aurigemma, Mario Leporace, Andrea D'Ambrosio, Germano Di Sciascio Tags: Interventional Cardiology Source Type: research

Autism in the Son of a Woman with Mitochondrial Myopathy and Dysautonomia: A Case Report
Conclusion Given emerging evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly in the electron transport chain needed for cellular energy production, is an underlying pathophysiological mechanism for some varieties of ASD, clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for mitochondrial disease, especially when they encounter a patient with unusual neurological or constitutional symptoms. The prevalence of mitochondrial disease in ASD patients may be as high as five percent, which means that it is not the “zebra”[27] diagnosis that it might be in a non-ASD patient, where prevalence is about 0.01 percent.10 Reference...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - October 9, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Asperger's syndrome Autism Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Current Issue Intellectual Disability Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Pervasive Developmental Disorders ASD autism spectrum disorder dysauton Source Type: research

The effect of intensive statin therapy in non-symptomatic intracranial arteries: The STAMINA-MRI sub-study
ConclusionIntensive statin therapy produced a favorable morphological change in cerebral arteries of not only the target arterial segment but also non-symptomatic arterial segments. The change in cerebral arterial luminal diameter was influenced by the baseline SBP and was dependent on the topographic distribution of the cerebral arteries.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02458755.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - March 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

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