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Total 446 results found since Jan 2013.

The Effect of Metformin on Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Stroke
CONCLUSIONS: T2DM is a significant risk factor to the development of ischemic stroke. We found an association between metformin use and vitamin B12 deficiency and an association between vitamin B12 deficiency and stroke risk in patients with T2DM. Diabetic patients who are taking metformin should monitor their vitamin B12 level.PMID:36841981
Source: The Israel Medical Association Journal - February 26, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Nizar Horrany Wadie Abu Dahoud Yara Moallem Taleb Hajouj Merna Zreik Arnon Blum Source Type: research

Novel potent antiplatelet thrombotic agent derived from biguanide for ischemic stroke.
Abstract Platelet thrombosis is the main pathogeny resulting in the low curability of ischemic stroke, a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Metformin, a biguanide derivative that is the first-line oral medicine for type 2 diabetes, alleviates the severity of ischemic stroke in diabetic patients and suppresses platelet activation in experimental animal model. However, the clinical implementation of commercial biguanide analogs for stroke related to platelet thrombosis remains challenging due to its weak potency, poor pharmacokinetic characteristics and possible hypoglycemia. Here, twenty-three big...
Source: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry - May 17, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Xin G, Ming Y, Ji C, Wei Z, Li S, Morris-Natschke SL, Zhang X, Yu K, Li Y, Zhang B, Zhang J, Xing Z, He Y, Chen Z, Yang X, Niu H, Lee KH, Huang W Tags: Eur J Med Chem Source Type: research

Impact of high glucose levels and glucose lowering on risk of ischaemic stroke: a Mendelian randomisation study and meta-analysis
Conclusions/interpretationGenetically high plasma glucose has a causal impact on increased risk of ischaemic stroke. Treatment with glucose-lowering glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and thiazolidinediones reduces this risk. These results may guide clinicians in the treatment of individuals at high risk of ischaemic stroke.Graphical abstract
Source: Diabetologia - June 8, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Neuropharmacological efficacy of metformin for stroke in rodents: A meta-analysis of preclinical trials
Conclusion: Overall, metformin treatment improves severe outcomes triggered by stroke. Despite the limitations intrinsic to animal studies, this systematic review may provide a vital reference for future high-quality preclinical trials and clinical use.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - November 3, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Chronic metformin treatment improves post‐stroke angiogenesis and recovery after experimental stroke
Abstract Metformin is currently the first‐line treatment drug for type 2 diabetes. Metformin is a well‐known activator of AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK). In experimental studies, metformin has been shown to exert direct vascular effects by increasing vascular endothelial growth factor expression and improving microvascular density. As stroke is the leading cause of long‐term disability and angiogenesis is implicated as an important mechanism in functional recovery, we hypothesized that chronic metformin treatment would improve post‐stroke functional recovery by enhancing functional microvascular density. For...
Source: European Journal of Neuroscience - March 1, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Venugopal R. Venna, Jun Li, Matthew D. Hammond, Nickolas S. Mancini, Louise D. McCullough Tags: Research Report Source Type: research

Improvement of functional recovery by chronic metformin treatment is associated with enhanced alternative activation of microglia/macrophages and increased angiogenesis and neurogenesis following experimental stroke.
In conclusion, post-stroke chronic metformin treatment improved functional recovery following MCAO via AMPK-dependent M2 polarization. Modulation of microglia/macrophage polarization represents a novel therapeutic strategy for stroke. PMID: 24632338 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - March 12, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Jin Q, Cheng J, Liu Y, Wu J, Wang X, Wei S, Zhou X, Qin Z, Jia J, Zhen X Tags: Brain Behav Immun Source Type: research

Neuropharmacological Actions of Metformin in Stroke.
Abstract Increasing epidemiologic evidence suggests that metformin, a well-established AMPK activator and the most favorable first-line anti-diabetic drug, reduces stroke incidence and severity. However, the mechanism for this remains unclear. Moreover, previous experimental studies have reported controversial results about the effects of metformin on stroke outcomes during the acute phase. However, recent studies have consistently suggested that AMPK-mediated microglia/macrophage polarization and angioneurogenesis may play essential roles in metformin-promoted, long-term functional recovery following stroke. The ...
Source: Current Neuropharmacology - October 1, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jia J, Cheng J, Ni J, Zhen X Tags: Curr Neuropharmacol Source Type: research

Pharmacotherapy for stroke prevention in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: current strategies and future directions
This article reviews current pharmacotherapeutic options for prevention of stroke in NVAF, paying special attention to their use in particular clinical settings (e.g.: cardioversion, catheter ablation). We also aim to review new drug candidates that have entered clinical studies in this indication.EXPERT OPINION: Oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT) remains the mainstay for ischemic stroke prophylaxis in NVAF in patients at risk. Several oral (asundexian, milvexian) and parenteral (abelacimab, osocimab, xisomab, IONIS-FXIRX, fesomersen) factor XIa inhibitors are under development. These new compounds appear to be associated wi...
Source: Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy - November 18, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Antonio G ómez-Outes M Luisa Su árez-Gea Alejandro-Isidoro P érez-Cabeza Jose Manuel Garc ía-Pinilla Source Type: research

Comparative analysis of the neurovascular injury and functional outcomes in experimental stroke models in diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats.
Abstract Diabetes worsens functional outcome and is associated with greater hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after ischemic stroke. We have shown that diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats develop greater HT and neurological deficit despite smaller infarcts after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with the suture model. However, the impact of 1) the duration of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R); 2) the method of ischemia; and 3) acute glycemic control on neurovascular injury and functional outcome in diabetic stroke remained unanswered. Wistar and GK rats were subjected to variable MCAO by suture or embolus occl...
Source: Brain Research - October 18, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Li W, Qu Z, Prakash R, Chung C, Ma H, Hoda MN, Fagan SC, Ergul A Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Metformin Treatment in Post-stroke Period Prevents Nitrative Stress and Restores Angiogenic Signaling in the Brain in Diabetes.
Abstract We have shown that diabetes impedes vascular repair and causes vasoregression in the brain after stroke but mechanisms underlying this response are still unclear. We hypothesized that excess peroxynitrite formation in diabetic ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) inactivates the p85 subunit of PI3K by nitration and diverts the PI3K-Akt-survival signal to the p38MAPkinase-apoptosis pathway. Nitrotyrosine (NY), Akt and p38 activity, p85 nitration and caspase-3 cleavage were measured in brains from control, diabetic (GK) or GK rats treated with metformin subjected to sham or stroke surgery and in brain microvas...
Source: Diabetes - December 18, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Abdelsaid M, Prakash R, Li W, Coucha M, Hafez S, Johnson MH, Fagan SC, Ergul A Tags: Diabetes Source Type: research

Case–control study of oral glucose‐lowering drugs in combination with long‐acting insulin and the risks of incident myocardial infarction and incident stroke
ConclusionsSulfonylureas in combination with long‐acting insulin may increase the risk of MI compared with the use of insulin alone. Metformin may be an important cardiovascular disease prevention therapy for patients on insulin therapy. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Source: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety - November 8, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: James S. Floyd, Kerri L. Wiggins, Mark Christiansen, Sascha Dublin, William T. Longstreth, Nicholas L. Smith, Barbara McKnight, Susan R. Heckbert, Noel S. Weiss, Bruce M. Psaty Tags: Original Report Source Type: research