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Irbesartan suppresses lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction by inhibiting the activation of MLCK/MLC
Int Immunopharmacol. 2021 Jun 24;98:107834. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107834. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe basic function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is to selectively regulate the infiltration of solutes from the circulating blood into the central nervous system (CNS). Impaired BBB activity is related to brain damage caused by stroke, traumatic injury, neurodegenerative diseases, etc. Comprised of a monolayer of endothelial cells, the integrity of the BBB is determined by the expression of tight junction proteins and the contractile activity of the perijunctional apical actomyosin ring. Irbesartan, an AT1R anta...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - June 26, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Qixia Yang Juanjuan Yu Hao Qin Long Liu Chao Di Qiang Zhuang Hang Yin Source Type: research

Serum Bicarbonate and Kidney Disease Progression and Cardiovascular Outcome in Patients With Diabetic Nephropathy: A Post Hoc Analysis of the RENAAL (Reduction of End Points in Non–Insulin-Dependent Diabetes With the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan) Study and IDNT (Irbesartan Diabetic Nephropathy Trial)
Conclusions In this cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes with nephropathy, serum bicarbonate level associations with kidney disease end points were not retained after adjustment for estimated glomerular filtration rate, which is in contrast to results of earlier studies in nondiabetic populations.
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - August 21, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Therapy with the Combination of Amlodipine and Irbesartan Has Persistent Preventative Effects on Stroke Onset Associated with BDNF Preservation on Cerebral Vessels in Hypertensive Rats
In this study, we investigated the significant beneficial effects of the combination therapy using amlodipine and irbesartan against stroke onset in hypertensive rats. The animals were fed an 8 % sodium diet and assigned to (1) vehicle, (2) amlodipine (2 mg/kg/day), (3) irbesartan (20 mg/kg/day), and (4) amlodipine + irbesartan groups. The drugs were given orally until 35 days, and incidences of stroke-related signs and mortality and blood pressure (BP) were monitored. Cerebral blood flow (CBF), brain water content, weight of the brain and left ventricle, and histological evaluations were conducted for the treated grou...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - December 23, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

History of Atrial Fibrillation as a Risk Factor in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction Original Articles
Conclusions— In patients with HFpEF, a history of AFib was common and independently associated with increased risk of stroke, regardless of whether AFib was present on ECG. Patients with HFpEF and a history of AFib should be considered at risk. Further studies are needed to determine whether this risk can be safely reduced. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT000095238.
Source: Circulation: Heart Failure - November 18, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Oluleye, O. W., Rector, T. S., Win, S., McMurray, J. J. V., Zile, M. R., Komajda, M., McKelvie, R. S., Massie, B., Carson, P. E., Anand, I. S. Tags: Other heart failure Original Articles Source Type: research

Visit-to-Visit Variability in Blood Pressure and Kidney and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Nephropathy: A Post Hoc Analysis From the RENAAL Study and the Irbesartan Diabetic Nephropathy Trial
Conclusions In diabetic individuals with nephropathy, systolic blood pressure visit-to-visit variability is associated independently with hard kidney disease outcomes.
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - October 29, 2014 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Abstract 567: Combined Treatment With Irbesartan and Vitamin D Retards Renal Injury in Salt-loaded Uni-nephrectomized Stroke-prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Poster Session II
Vitamin D diminishes renin expression. In addition, we previously reported that vitamin D increased renal expression of klotho in rats with normal kidney function. In the present study, effects of vitamin D on renal injury was assessed in four groups of rats (n=6-8 for each group); uni-nephrectomized stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats fed high salt (6%) diet as a control (C), those treated with irbesartan (100 mg/kg/day) (I), rats treated with calcitriol (30 ng/kg/day) (V), and rats treated with both irbesartan and calcitriol (I+V). Six weeks later, rats were killed with over-anesthesia, and harvested right kidne...
Source: Hypertension - October 30, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Takenaka, T., Inoue, T., Ohno, Y., Miyazaki, T., Nishiyama, A., Ishii, N., Suzuki, H. Tags: Poster Session II Source Type: research

Diabetics Taking Certain Blood Pressure Drugs At Lower Risk Of Heart Disease
Two drugs, telmisartan and valsartan, which are used to reduce blood pressure in people with diabetes, are associated with a lower risk of hospitalization for heart attack, stroke or heart failure, according to a study published in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal). For people with type 2 diabetes, disease-related vascular illnesses are the main causes of death. Angiotensin-receptor blockers including telmisartan, valsartan, candesartan, irbesartan and losartan, are generally used interchangeably to control blood pressure...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - July 10, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Hypertension Source Type: news

Comparative effectiveness of angiotensin-receptor blockers for preventing macrovascular disease in patients with diabetes: a population-based cohort study.
We examined each outcome individually in secondary analyses, in addition to all-cause mortality. RESULTS:We identified 54 186 patients with diabetes who started taking an angiotensinreceptor blocker during the study period. After multivariable adjustment, patients who took either telmisartan (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74-0.97) or valsartan (adjusted HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.77-0.95) had a lower risk of the composite outcome compared with patients who took irbesartan. In contrast, no significant difference in risk was seen between other angiotensin-receptor blockers and irbesartan. In secondar...
Source: cmaj - July 8, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Antoniou T, Camacho X, Yao Z, Gomes T, Juurlink DN, Mamdani MM Tags: CMAJ Source Type: research

A review of the use of Angiotensin receptor blockers for the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with essential hypertension without compelling indications.
CONCLUSIONS: Data supporting the use of ARBs for reducing cardiovascular events in patients with essential hypertension without compelling indications are limited and inconclusive. More studies are needed before ARBs can be routinely recommended as first-line therapy for hypertension management in patients without other compelling indications. PMID: 23585649 [PubMed - in process]
Source: The Annals of Pharmacotherapy - May 1, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Zaiken K, Hudd TR, Cheng JW Tags: Ann Pharmacother Source Type: research