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Interventions for treating pain and disability in adults with complex regional pain syndrome- an overview of systematic reviews
CONCLUSIONS: Despite a considerable increase in included evidence compared with the previous version of this overview, we identified no high-certainty evidence for the effectiveness of any therapy for CRPS. Until larger, high-quality trials are undertaken, formulating an evidence-based approach to managing CRPS will remain difficult. Current non-Cochrane systematic reviews of interventions for CRPS are of low methodological quality and should not be relied upon to provide an accurate and comprehensive summary of the evidence.PMID:37306570 | PMC:PMC10259367 | DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD009416.pub3
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - June 12, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Michael C Ferraro Aidan G Cashin Benedict M Wand Keith M Smart Carolyn Berryman Louise Marston G Lorimer Moseley James H McAuley Neil E O'Connell Source Type: research

Chemerin-9 in paraventricular nucleus increases sympathetic outflow and blood pressure via glutamate receptor-mediated ROS generation
Eur J Pharmacol. 2022 Oct 25:175343. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175343. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTChemerin is an adipokine involved in regulating energy homeostasis and reproductive function. Excessive sympathetic activity contributes to hypertension, chronic heart failure and chronic renal disease. Hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is crucial in regulating sympathetic activity and blood pressure. The present study is designed to investigate the roles of chemerin in the PVN in regulating sympathetic activity and blood pressure and underlying mechanisms. Microinjections were performed in the bilateral PVN in ma...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - October 28, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jing-Xiao Wang Xiao-Li Wang Zhi-Qin Xu Yue Zhang Dong Xue Rong Zhu Qi Chen Yue-Hua Li Guo-Qing Zhu Xiao Tan Source Type: research

N-acetylcysteine alleviates pulmonary alveolar proteinosis induced by indium-tin oxide nanoparticles in male rats: involvement of the NF- κB signaling pathway
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2022 Aug;241:113812. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113812. Epub 2022 Jun 29.ABSTRACTIndium-tin oxide (ITO) was previously found to have a toxic effect on lung tissues, and oxidative stress and the inflammatory response are two important mechanisms of ITO‑induced lung injury. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been found to exhibit antioxidant and anti‑inflammatory properties. The current study aimed to evaluate the possible protective effects of NAC against ITO nanoparticle (Nano-ITO)-induced pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, especially via modulation of nuclear factor...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - September 7, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Nan Liu Gai Li Yi Guan Rui Wang Zhanfei Ma Linlin Zhao Sanqiao Yao Source Type: research

Protective action of N-acetyl-L-cysteine associated with a polyvalent antivenom on the envenomation induced by Lachesis muta muta (South American bushmaster) in rats
In this study, we examined the potential use of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) in association with a polyvalent antivenom and as stand-alone therapy to reduce the acute local and systemic effects induced by Lachesis muta muta venom in rats. Male Wistar rats (300-350 g) were exposed to L. m. muta venom (1.5 mg/kg - i.m.) and subsequently treated with anti-Bothrops/Lachesis serum (antivenom:venom ratio 1:3 'v/w' - i.p.) and NAC (150 mg/kg - i.p.) separately or in association; the animals were monitored for 120 min to assess changes in temperature, locomotor activity, local oedema formation and the prevalence of haemorrhaging. Aft...
Source: Toxicon - April 29, 2021 Category: Toxicology Authors: Aline G Le ão-Torres Carina V Pires Amanda C Ribelato Maria C Zerbinatti Cec ília L Santarém Rosa M B Nogueira In ês C Giometti Rog ério Giuffrida Elisangela O Silva Juliana R Gerez Nelson J Silva Edward G Rowan Rafael S Floriano Source Type: research

Mechanistic study of mtROS-JNK-SOD2 signaling in bupivacaine-induced neuron oxidative stress.
Abstract Manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) is a key enzyme to scavenge free radical superoxide in the mitochondrion. SOD2 deficiency leads to oxidative injury in cells. Bupivacaine, a local anesthetic commonly used in clinic, could induce neurotoxic injury via oxidative stress. The role and the mechanism of SOD2 regulation in bupivacaine-induced oxidative stress remains unclear. Here, bupivacaine was used to treat Sprague-Dawley rats with intrathecal injection and culture human neuroblastoma cells for developing vivo injury model and vitro injury model. The results showed that bupivacaine caused the over-produ...
Source: Aging - July 12, 2020 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Liu Z, Xu S, Ji Z, Xu H, Zhao W, Xia Z, Xu R Tags: Aging (Albany NY) Source Type: research

Auranofin, an Anti-rheumatic Gold Drug, Aggravates the Radiation-Induced Acute Intestinal Injury in Mice
Conclusion In this study, we found that a non-toxic dose of auranofin significantly aggravated the severity of the radiation-induced intestinal injury. This suggests that auranofin treatment can be an independent factor that influences the risk of intestinal complications after pelvic or abdominal radiotherapy. Ethics Statement All the protocols used in this study were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Korean Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (IACUC permit number: KIRAMS217-0007). Author Contributions H-JL, JS, and Y-BL designed the experiments. EL and JK conducted the exp...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 23, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

N-acetylcysteine prevents ketamine-induced adverse effects on development, heart rate and monoaminergic neurons in zebrafish
Publication date: 24 August 2018 Source:Neuroscience Letters, Volume 682 Author(s): Bonnie Robinson, Melanie Dumas, Qiang Gu, Jyotshna Kanungo N-acetylcysteine, a precursor molecule of glutathione, is an antioxidant. Ketamine, a pediatric anesthetic, has been implicated in cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity including modulation of monoaminergic systems in mammals and zebrafish. Here, we show that N-acetylcysteine prevents ketamine’s adverse effects on development and monoaminergic neurons in zebrafish embryos. The effects of ketamine and N-acetylcysteine alone or in combination were measured on the heart rate, body length...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - June 13, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Critical Care Compendium update
LITFL’s Critical Care Compendium is a comprehensive collection of pages concisely covering the core topics and controversies of critical care. Currently there are almost 1,500 entries with more in the works… Some pages are more developed than others, and all the pages are being constantly revised and improved. Links to new references and online resources are added daily, with an emphasis on those that are free and open access (FOAM!). These pages originated from the FCICM exam study notes created by Dr Jeremy Fernando in 2011, and have been updated, modified and added to since. As such will be particularly us...
Source: Life in the Fast Lane - November 17, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Doctors Authors: Chris Nickson Tags: Critical Care Compendium Education eLearning Emergency Medicine Featured CCC LITFL collection Source Type: blogs

Severe toxic acute liver failure: Etiology and treatment.
Abstract Many substances, drugs or not, can be responsible for acute hepatitis. Nevertheless, toxic etiology, except when that is obvious like in acetaminophen overdose, is a diagnosis of elimination. Major causes, in particular viral etiologies, must be ruled out. Acetaminophen, antibiotics, antiepileptics and antituberculous drugs are the first causes of drug-induced liver injury. Severity assessment of the acute hepatitis is critical. Acute liver failure (ALF) is defined by the factor V, respectively more than 50% for the mild ALF and less than 50% for the severe ALF. Neurological examination must be extensive ...
Source: Annales Francaises d'Anesthesie et de Reanimation - May 14, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Amathieu R, Levesque E, Merle JC, Chemit M, Costentin C, Compagnon P, Dhonneur G Tags: Ann Fr Anesth Reanim Source Type: research