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ChAT-positive neurons participate in subventricular zone neurogenesis after middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice.
In this study, we assessed whether these ChAT(+) neurons also participate in stroke-induced neurogenesis. We used a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model produced by transcranial electrocoagulation in mice, atropine (muscarinic cholinergic receptor [mAchR] antagonist), and donepezil (acetylcholinesterase inhibitor) to investigate the role of ChAT(+) neurons in stroke-induced neurogenesis. We found that mAchRs, phosphorylated protein kinase C (p-PKC), and p-38 levels in the SVZ were upregulated in mice on day 7 after MCAO. MCAO also significantly increased the number of BrdU/doublecortin-positive cells and...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - September 4, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Wang J, Fu X, Zhang D, Yu L, Li N, Lu Z, Gao Y, Wang M, Liu X, Zhou C, Han W, Yan B, Wang J Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Early‐onset Alzheimer's disease: a global cross‐sectional analysis
ConclusionEarly‐onset Alzheimer's disease is found more frequently in Native American Indians, Alaskans, Hawaiians and other minorities, including Hispanics; patients with EOAD have more anxiety or depression. EOAD occurs independently of hypertension, stroke and atrial fibrillation.
Source: European Journal of Neurology - April 30, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: P. K. Panegyres, H. Y. Chen, Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) – Still to be Considered in the Presence of Vascular Risk Factors
We report a 46-year-old male with a 9 and 3-month history of progressive unilateral lower limb weakness and dysarthria, respectively. He had a history of diabetes mellitus but no hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or smoking history. Both parents had a stroke at the age of 65 years. Neurological examination was significant for moderate dysarthria and reduced right upper limb dexterity. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed extensive white matter disease, lacunar infarcts, and a few microhemorrhages. Electron microscopy of his skin biopsy showed electron-dense deposits of extracellular osmiophilic granular mater...
Source: Case Reports in Neurology - December 14, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Capgras-like visual decomposition in Lewy body dementia with therapeutic response to donepezil
We report 2 cases of LBD where visual phenomena including Capgras-like syndrome responded favorably to the use of a cholinesterase inhibitor.
Source: Nature Clinical Practice - December 8, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Reimers, K., Emmert, N., Shah, H., Benedict, R. H. B., Szigeti, K. Tags: Hallucinations, Dementia with Lewy bodies, Cognitive neuropsychology in dementia Cases Source Type: research

Bone Marrow-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells Protect Against Scopolamine-Induced Alzheimer-Like Pathological Aberrations
Abstract Vascular endothelial dysfunction plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Patients with AD have displayed decreased circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) which repair and maintain the endothelial function. Transplantation of EPCs has emerged as a promising approach for the management of cerebrovascular diseases including ischemic stroke, however, its impact on AD has been poorly described. Thus, the current study aimed at investigating the effects of bone marrow-derived (BM) EPCs transplantation in repeated scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment, an experimental mode...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - December 20, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Effect of Donepezil on Wernicke Aphasia After Bilateral Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction: Subtraction Analysis of Brain F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomographic Images
We present a case of a 53-year-old female patient with Wernicke aphasia, after the old infarction in the territory of left middle cerebral artery for 8 years and the recent infarction in the right middle cerebral artery for 4 months. On the initial evaluation, the Aphasia Quotient in Korean version of the Western Aphasia Battery was 25.6 of 100. Baseline brain F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomographic images demonstrated a decreased cerebral metabolism in the left temporoparietal area and right temporal lobe. Donepezil hydrochloride, a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, was orally administered 5 mg/d fo...
Source: Clinical Neuropharmacology - July 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Pharmacotherapy for Vascular Cognitive Impairment
AbstractVascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer ’s disease (AD). Stroke and cardiovascular risk factors have been linked to both AD and VCI and potentially can affect cognitive function in mid and later life. Various pharmacological agents, including donepezil, galantamine, and memantine, approved for the treatment of AD have shown modest cogni tive benefits in patients with vascular dementia (VaD). However, their functional and global benefits have been inconsistent. Donepezil has shown some cognitive benefit in patients with VaD only, and galantamine has shown some...
Source: CNS Drugs - August 7, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Donepezil promotes neurogenesis via Src signaling pathway in a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.
In this study, we investigated whether donepezil could promote SVZ neurogenesis in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) injury via Src signaling pathway. In the bilateral carotid artery occlusion (2VO) rat model, we observed more nestin/5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU)-positive cells and doublecortin (DCX)/BrdU-positive cells in the SVZ than that in the sham group. Further, donepezil obviously improved neurologic function after 2VO, induced the greater number of SVZ proliferative NSCs and neuroblasts, and elevated levels of Src, p-FGFR1, p-EGFR, p-Akt and p-Raf in ipsilateral SVZ. Lastly, Src inhibitor KX-01 abolished the be...
Source: Brain Research - March 13, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Man J, Cui K, Fu X, Zhang D, Lu Z, Gao Y, Yu L, Li N, Wang J Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Donepezil improves gait performance in patients with an acute cerebral infarction: a prospective observational cohort study.
CONCLUSION: Admission NIHSS score, age and multiple sites infarction were independent risk factors of WGS score. Donepezil could improve gait performance in patients with an acute cerebral infarction. PMID: 32282302 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Neurovascular Research - April 12, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Lin YY, Guo SJ, Quan H, Zhao YX, Huang DY Tags: Curr Neurovasc Res Source Type: research

Donepezil alone and combined with intensive language-action therapy on depression and apathy in chronic post-stroke aphasia: A feasibility study
Brain Lang. 2022 Dec 7;236:105205. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2022.105205. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:36495749 | DOI:10.1016/j.bandl.2022.105205
Source: Brain and Language - December 10, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Marcelo L Berthier Lisa Edelkraut Francisco J L ópez-González Diana L ópez-Barroso Bettina Mohr Friedemann Pulverm üller Sergio E Starkstein Ricardo E Jorge Mar ía José Torres-Prioris Guadalupe D ávila Source Type: research