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Specialty: Epidemiology
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Total 19 results found since Jan 2013.

Stroke Mortality Among Black and White Adults Aged ≥35 Years Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic - United States, 2015-2021
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2023 Apr 21;72(16):431-436. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7216a4.ABSTRACTStroke is the fifth leading cause of death and a leading cause of long-term disability in the United States (1). Although stroke death rates have declined since the 1950s, age-adjusted rates remained higher among non-Hispanic Black or African American (Black) adults than among non-Hispanic White (White) adults (1,2). Despite intervention efforts to reduce racial disparities in stroke prevention and treatment through reducing stroke risk factors, increasing awareness of stroke symptoms, and improving access to treatment and care for s...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - April 21, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Quanhe Yang Xin Tong Linda Schieb F átima Coronado Robert Merritt Source Type: research

Real-World Racial Variation in Treatment and Outcomes Among Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease
CONCLUSIONS: Results of this real-world study suggest that Black patients with PAD have higher disease severity at the time of diagnosis and are at increased risk of experiencing adverse outcomes following diagnosis.PMID:36877443 | DOI:10.1007/s12325-023-02465-6
Source: Adv Data - March 6, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Keith C Ferdinand Kay Sadik Richard Browne Urvi Desai Patrick Lefebvre Dominique Lejeune Malena Mahendran Fran çois Laliberté Lisa Matay David G Armstrong Source Type: research

Active Post-Licensure Safety Surveillance for Recombinant Zoster Vaccine Using Electronic Health Record Data
Am J Epidemiol. 2022 Oct 4:kwac170. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwac170. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTRecombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) (Shingrix; GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, United Kingdom) is an adjuvanted glycoprotein vaccine that was licensed in 2017 to prevent herpes zoster and its complications in older adults. In this prospective, post-licensure Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) study using electronic health records, we sequentially monitored a real-world population of adults aged 50 years and older who received care at multiple VSD health systems in the United States to identify potential increased risks of 10 pre-specified prior...
Source: Am J Epidemiol - October 4, 2022 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Jennifer C Nelson Ernesto Ulloa-P érez Onchee Yu Andrea J Cook Michael L Jackson Edward A Belongia Matthew F Daley Rafael Harpaz Elyse O Kharbanda Nicola P Klein Allison L Naleway Hung-Fu Tseng Eric S Weintraub Jonathan Duffy W Katherine Yih Lisa A Jacks Source Type: research

Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and associations with cardiopulmonary diseases and lung cancer in Taiwan: a nationwide longitudinal cohort study
ConclusionsLong-term exposure to intermediate levels of ambient PM2.5 was associated with cardiopulmonary health outcomes. Our study adds value to future application and national burden of disease estimation in evaluating the health co-benefits from ambient air pollution reduction policy in Asian countries.
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - April 26, 2022 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Pediatric Acute Ischemic Stroke by Age-Group: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Published Studies and Hospitalization Records
Conclusions: Incidence rates of pediatric AIS by age-groups followed a consistent overall pattern of a reverse J-shaped curve, with the highest rates in neonates, across predominantly European and North American countries. Further research is warranted to examine if this pattern is observed in other geographic regions and to identify AIS risk factors specific to different phases of childhood development.Neuroepidemiology
Source: Neuroepidemiology - August 17, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

HIV Viremia and Risk of Stroke Among People Living with HIV Who Are Using Antiretroviral Therapy
Conclusions: Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that elevated HIV VL may increase stroke risk, regardless of previous VL levels.
Source: Epidemiology - April 9, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Tags: Pharmacoepidemiology Source Type: research

Sexual Orientation Disparities in Risk Factors for Adverse COVID-19-Related Outcomes, by Race/Ethnicity - Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2017-2019.
Abstract Sexual minority persons experience health disparities associated with sexual stigma and discrimination and have a high prevalence of several health conditions that have been associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (1,2). Current COVID-19 surveillance systems do not capture information about sexual orientation. To begin bridging the gap in knowledge about COVID-19 risk among sexual minority adults, CDC examined disparities between sexual minority and heterosexual adults in the prevalence of underlying conditions with strong or mixed evidence of associations with severe COVID-19-related i...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - February 5, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Heslin KC, Hall JE Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Risk of Ischemic Stroke after an Inpatient Hospitalization for Transient Ischemic Attack in the United States
Conclusions: Patients hospitalized for TIA have a lower risk of ischemic stroke compared to that reported in the studies based on the emergency room and/or outpatient clinic evaluation. Among these patients, those with cardiovascular comorbidities remain at a higher risk of readmission due to ischemic stroke despite undergoing an inpatient evaluation and should therefore be the target for future preventive strategies.Neuroepidemiology
Source: Neuroepidemiology - December 1, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Potentially Excess Deaths from the Five Leading Causes of Death in Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Counties - United States, 2010-2017.
This report enhances the geographic detail by using the six levels of the 2013 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) urban-rural classification scheme for counties and extending estimates of potentially excess deaths by annual percent change (APC) and for additional years (2010-2017). Trends were tested both with linear and quadratic terms. PERIOD COVERED: 2010-2017. DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM: Mortality data for U.S. residents from the National Vital Statistics System were used to calculate potentially excess deaths from the five leading causes of death among persons aged <80 years. CDC's NCHS urban-rural c...
Source: MMWR Surveill Summ - November 7, 2019 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Garcia MC, Rossen LM, Bastian B, Faul M, Dowling NF, Thomas CC, Schieb L, Hong Y, Yoon PW, Iademarco MF Tags: MMWR Surveill Summ Source Type: research

An Investigation of Selection Bias in Estimating Racial Disparity in Stroke Risk FactorsThe REGARDS Study
AbstractSelection due to survival or attrition might bias estimates of racial disparities in health, but few studies quantify the likely magnitude of such bias. In a large national cohort with moderate loss to follow-up, we contrasted racial differences in 2 stroke risk factors, incident hypertension and incident left ventricular hypertrophy, estimated by complete-case analyses, inverse probability of attrition weighting, and the survivor average causal effect. We used data on 12,497 black and 17,660 white participants enrolled in the United States (2003 –2007) and collected incident risk factor data approximately 10 yea...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - August 23, 2019 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Incidence and Current Treatment Gaps in Pediatric Stroke and TIA: An Ontario-Wide Population-Based Study
Conclusion: Our population-based study yielded a higher incidence rate than prior North-American studies. Important care gaps exist including delayed diagnosis, lack of expert care, and departure from published treatment guidelines. Variability in ICD PPV and yield underlines the need for prospective data collection and for improving the pediatric stroke and TIA coding processes.Neuroepidemiology 2019;52:119 –127
Source: Neuroepidemiology - January 18, 2019 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research