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Clinical and radiological characteristics of hiv-associated intracerebral haemorrhage in malawi
Stroke incidence is increasing in sub-Saharan African (SSA), especially due to intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We sought to describe the clinical and radiological characteristics of stroke due to ICH in people living with HIV (PLWH) in Malawi.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 30, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: G.M. Kachingwe, F. Carletti, G. Adan, H. J äger, M. Henrion, S. Kampondeni, E. Joekes, K. Chetcuti, O. Swayne, R. Heyderman, T. Allain, H. Mwandumba, T. Solomon, D. Werring, L. Benjamin Source Type: research

IJERPH, Vol. 20, Pages 298: Implementing and Evaluating Community Health Worker-Led Cardiovascular Disease Risk Screening Intervention in Sub-Saharan Africa Communities: A Participatory Implementation Research Protocol
Puoane Naomi S. Levitt The increasing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), particularly cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) poses a considerable threat to public health. Community-driven CVD risk screening, referral and follow-up of those at high CVDs risk is essential to supporting early identification, treatment and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events such as stroke and myocardial infarction. This protocol describes a multi-country study that aims to implement and evaluate a community health worker (CHW)-led CVD risk screening programme to enhance referral lin...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - December 24, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Kufre Okop Peter Delobelle Estelle Victoria Lambert Hailemichael Getachew Rawleigh Howe Kiya Kedir Jean Berchmans Niyibizi Charlotte Bavuma Stephen Kasenda Amelia C. Crampin Abby C. King Thandi Puoane Naomi S. Levitt Tags: Protocol Source Type: research

On prioritising global health ' s triple crisis of sepsis, COVID-19 and antimicrobial resistance: a mixed-methods study from Malawi.
Conclusion Our analysis revealed strong relationships between in-hospital mortality and hospital case volume in hospitals treating a small number of cases. The nonlinearity and nonm onotonicity of the estimated relationships indicate that studies applying conventional statistical approaches like logistic regression should consider these relationships adequately.
Source: Current Awareness Service for Health (CASH) - December 14, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

On prioritising global health ' s triple crisis of sepsis, COVID-19 and antimicrobial resistance: a mixed-methods study from Malawi
Conclusion Our analysis revealed strong relationships between in-hospital mortality and hospital case volume in hospitals treating a small number of cases. The nonlinearity and nonm onotonicity of the estimated relationships indicate that studies applying conventional statistical approaches like logistic regression should consider these relationships adequately.
Source: Current Awareness Service for Health (CASH) - December 14, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Challenges and Opportunities in Stroke Nursing Research: Global Views From a Panel of Nurse Researchers
This article reflects panel insights on challenges and opportunities for nurse-led stroke research. DISCUSSION: The research challenges discussed include nursing independence, the processes of informed consent and randomization process, obtaining adequate independent funding, recruiting research subjects, and working with vulnerable groups. The major opportunities to leverage and improve stroke nursing research include facilitating the nurse investigator role, information digitalization, improving health literacy, and collaboration between nurse researchers. SUMMARY: We are living in a volatile, uncertain, complex, and amb...
Source: Journal of Neuroscience Nursing - May 13, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Malawi: Blind and Paralysed 84-Year-Old Grandfather Says Jab Saved His Life
[Nyasa Times] Blind and partially paralysed by a stroke a decade ago, 84-year-old Thomas Mgundo is a shining light in the drive to vaccinate the country's population.
Source: AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine - January 31, 2022 Category: African Health Source Type: news

Prevalence and associated factors of self-reported ischaemic heart disease and/or stroke: a cross-sectional nationally representative community-based study of adults in Malawi in 2017
Conclusions Almost 1 in 10 women and 1 in 20 men aged 18–69 years had IHD and/or stroke in Malawi. Several risk and protective factors were found that can be targeted in population health interventions.
Source: BMJ Open - September 23, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Pengpid, S., Peltzer, K. Tags: Open access, Cardiovascular medicine Source Type: research

HIV is associated with endothelial activation despite ART, in a sub-Saharan African setting
Conclusions HIV infection is associated with endothelial activation despite antiretroviral treatment. Our findings underscore the need for larger clinical cohorts to better understand the contribution of this perturbation of the endothelial function to the increasing burden of cardiovascular diseases in sub-Saharan Africa.
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - December 21, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Kamtchum-Tatuene, J., Mwandumba, H., Al-Bayati, Z., Flatley, J., Griffiths, M., Solomon, T., Benjamin, L. Tags: HIV, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Case control studies Article Source Type: research

The treatment of a pregnant HIV positive patient with cryptococcal meningitis in Malawi. Case report and review of treatment options
Publication date: Available online 28 October 2017 Source:Medical Mycology Case Reports Author(s): Philip D. Bright, Duncan Lupiya, Joep J. van Oosterhout, Amy Chen, Thomas S. Harrison, Adrienne K. Chan This case reports cryptococcal meningitis in an HIV positive woman on antiretroviral therapy, presenting with left middle cerebral artery stroke at 30 weeks gestation. The patient had well-controlled HIV (CD4 count over 200 cells/mL). The immunosuppressive effects of the pregnancy likely contributed to the development of cryptococcal disease. The patient was successfully treated with two weeks of amphotericin B followed by...
Source: Medical Mycology Case Reports - October 28, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Endocrine Disruptors and Health Effects in Africa: A Call for Action
Conclusion: To address the many challenges posed by EDCs, we argue that Africans should take the lead in prioritization and evaluation of environmental hazards, including EDCs. We recommend the institution of education and training programs for chemical users, adoption of the precautionary principle, establishment of biomonitoring programs, and funding of community-based epidemiology and wildlife research programs led and funded by African institutes and private companies. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1774 Received: 16 February 2017 Revised: 22 May 2017 Accepted: 24 May 2017 Published: 22 August 2017 Address correspond...
Source: EHP Research - August 23, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Commentary Source Type: research

HIV, antiretroviral treatment, hypertension, and stroke in Malawian adults: A case-control study
Conclusions: In a population with high HIV prevalence, where stroke incidence is increasing, we have shown that HIV is an important risk factor. Early ART use in immunosuppressed patients poses an additional and potentially treatable stroke risk. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome may be contributing to the disease mechanisms.
Source: Neurology - January 25, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Benjamin, L. A., Corbett, E. L., Connor, M. D., Mzinganjira, H., Kampondeni, S., Choko, A., Hopkins, M., Emsley, H. C. A., Bryer, A., Faragher, B., Heyderman, R. S., Allain, T. J., Solomon, T. Tags: Stroke in young adults, HIV, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Case control studies ARTICLE Source Type: research

Hiv, antiretroviral treatment, and stroke in malawian adults
Objective We investigated HIV, its treatment and other risk factors for stroke in Malawi. Methods We performed a prospective case-control study of 222 adults with acute stroke, confirmed by MRI in 86%, and 503 population controls, frequency-matched for age, sex and place of residence. Multivariate logistic regression models were used for case–control comparisons. Findings HIV infection (Population Attributable Fraction [PAF] 15%) and hypertension (PAF 46%) were strongly linked to stroke. HIV was the predominant risk factor for young stroke (≤45 years), with a prevalence of 67% and an adjusted odds ratio [aOR, 95...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - September 9, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Benjamin, L., Corbett, E., Connor, M., Mzinganjira, H., Emsley, H., Bryer, A., Faragher, B., Heyderman, R., Allain, T., Solomon, T. Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research