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Total 205 results found since Jan 2013.

Exposure to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid induced PPAR β-dependent disruption of glucose metabolism in HepG2 cells.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on glucose metabolism in HepG2 cells and the underlying mechanism. After 24 h exposure to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, glycogen was measured by PAS staining and glucose by ELISA in HepG2 cells. The expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism was measured by real-time PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. HepG2 cells presented more extracellular glucose consumption and glycogen content after exposed to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Expression of gluconeogenesis-related genes, FoxO1, and CREB is significantly elevated. Moreover...
Source: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International - April 9, 2018 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Sun H, Shao W, Liu H, Jiang Z Tags: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Source Type: research

PCV2 infection aggravates ochratoxin A-induced nephrotoxicity via autophagy involving p38 signaling pathway in  vivo and in vitro.
PCV2 infection aggravates ochratoxin A-induced nephrotoxicity via autophagy involving p38 signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. Environ Pollut. 2018 Mar 31;238:656-662 Authors: Gan F, Zhou Y, Qian G, Huang D, Hou L, Liu D, Chen X, Wang T, Jiang P, Lei X, Huang K Abstract Ochratoxin A (OTA) is reported to induce nephrotoxicity in animals and humans. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) could induce porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome. To date, little is known whether virus infection aggravates mycotoxin-induced toxicity. This work aimed to study the effects of PCV2 infection on OTA-induced neph...
Source: Environmental Pollution - March 31, 2018 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Gan F, Zhou Y, Qian G, Huang D, Hou L, Liu D, Chen X, Wang T, Jiang P, Lei X, Huang K Tags: Environ Pollut Source Type: research

SET Promotes H2AK9 Acetylation by Suppressing HDAC1 in Trichloroethylene-induced Hepatic Cytotoxicity
In this study, we found a total of 136 histone acetylation sites involved in TCE-induced hepatic cytotoxicity with the technique of Triton-acid-urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (TAU-PAGE) coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Importantly, 17 histone acetylation sites were revealed to be mediated by SET in TCE-induced cytotoxicity. The acetylation of histone H2AK9 (H2AK9ac) was further validated by Western-blot analysis. The data showed that TCE treatment increased the acetylation of H2AK9 in hepatic L-02 cell and decreased the one in SET-knockdown L-02 cells. Besides, levels of the ...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - March 19, 2018 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

SLC6A19 is a novel putative gene, induced by dioxins via AhR in human hepatoma HepG2 cells.
Abstract The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) plays an important role in mediating dioxins toxicity. Currently, genes of P450 families are major research interests in studies on AhR-mediated gene alterations caused by dioxins. Genes related to other metabolic pathways or processes may be also responsive to dioxin exposures. Amino acid transporter B0AT1 (encoded by SLC6A19) plays a decisive role in neutral amino acid transport which is present in kidney, intestine and liver. However, effects of dioxins on its expression are still unknown. In the present study, we focused on the effects of dioxin and dioxin-like comp...
Source: Environmental Pollution - March 6, 2018 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Tian W, Fu H, Xu T, Xu SL, Guo Z, Tian J, Tao W, Xie HQ, Zhao B Tags: Environ Pollut Source Type: research

Regulation of Chromatin Assembly and Cell Transformation by Formaldehyde Exposure in Human Cells
Conclusions: We propose that the inhibition of chromatin assembly represents a novel mechanism of cell transformation induced by the environmental and occupational chemical carcinogen FA. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1275 Received: 25 October 2016 Revised: 19 May 2017 Accepted: 23 May 2017 Published: 21 September 2017 Address correspondence to C. Jin, Dept. of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 57 Old Forge Rd., Tuxedo Park, NY 10987 USA. Telephone: (845) 731-3602. Email: Chunyuan.jin@nyumc.org *Current affiliation: Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. †Current affiliatio...
Source: EHP Research - September 21, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

The Role of PPAR alpha in Perfluorooctanoic Acid Induced Developmental Cardiotoxicity and L-carnitine Mediated Protection –Results of in ovo Gene Silencing
In conclusion, PFOA-induced heart rate elevation is likely PPAR alpha independent, while the right ventricular wall thinning seems to be PPAR alpha dependent. The protective effects of L-carnitine do not require PPAR alpha.
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - September 15, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Overexpression of HO-1 assisted PM2.5-induced apoptosis failure and autophagy-related cell necrosis.
In conclusion, our results demonstrate that acute exposure to high PM2.5 concentrations causes autophagy-related cell necrosis. The decrease in cytochrome C release and apoptosis by upregulation of HO-1 maybe assist PM2.5-induced autophagy-related cell necrosis. Further, this study reveals dual roles for HO-1 in PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity and presents a possible explanation for the onset of acute respiratory symptoms under extreme particulate air pollution. PMID: 28802142 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - August 9, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Zhou W, Yuan X, Zhang L, Su B, Tian D, Li Y, Zhao J, Wang Y, Peng S Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: research

Connexin 43 mediates changes in protein phosphorylation in HK-2 cells during chronic cadmium exposure
In this study, human renal proximal tubule (HK-2) cells were exposed to Cd (1μM, 10 days). Of the 584 protein residues detected using a Phospho Explorer antibody microarray (PEX100), more than half changed their levels of phosphorylation after chronic Cd exposure. Cx43 siRNA attenuated Cd-induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation, while also attenuating changes in the levels of phosphorylation of many protein residues. According to DAVID Bioinformatics Resources analysis and KEGG PATHWAY database, AKT signal pathway may be the important one. Focusing on the AKT pathway confirmed that Cx43 mediated increased levels of ...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - June 21, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Silencing of DNA repair sensitizes pediatric brain tumor cells to γ-irradiation using gold nanoparticles
We present a nanoparticle (NP)-mediated delivery vehicle that effectively carries and protects siRNA in pediatric ependymoma (EP) and medulloblastoma (MB) cells. The delivery vehicle consists of gold NPs coated with a polymeric shell comprising polyethylene glycol (PG), chitosan and polyethyleneimine (Au-CP-PEI). NPs loaded with siRNA knocked down Ape1 expression by over 75% in both MB and EP cells. Further, this reduction in Ape1 expression is associated with an increase in DNA damage after irradiation. The results indicate that NP-associated delivery of siApe1 is a feasible approach to circumventing pediatric brain tumor...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - May 11, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Silencing of DNA repair sensitizes pediatric brain tumor cells to ɣ-irradiation using gold nanoparticles
We present a nanoparticle (NP)-mediated delivery vehicle that effectively carries and protects siRNA in pediatric ependymoma (EP) and medulloblastoma (MB) cells. The delivery vehicle consists of gold NPs coated with a polymeric shell comprising polyethylene glycol (PG), chitosan and polyethyleneimine (Au-CP-PEI). NPs loaded with siRNA knocked down Ape1 expression by over 75% in both MB and EP cells. Further, this reduction in Ape1 expression is associated with an increase in DNA damage after irradiation. The results indicate that NP-associated delivery of siApe1 is a feasible approach to circumventing pediatric brain tumor...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - April 28, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Nrf2 Is Crucial For The Down-Regulation Of Cyp7a1 Induced By Arachidonic Acid In Hepg2 Cells
In conclusion, Nrf2 plays a significant role in the down-regulation of CYP7A1 induced by AA in HepG2 cells.Abbreviations: AA, arachidonic acid; CYP7A1, cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase; FA, fatty acid; HFD, high-fat diet; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2; siRNA, small interfering RNA.
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - March 7, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

27-hydroxycholesterol induces invasion and migration of breast cancer cells by increasing MMP9 and generating EMT through activation of STAT-3
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2017 Source:Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology Author(s): Zhaoxia Shen, Dongmei Zhu, Jiao Liu, Juan Chen, Yun Liu, Chunyan Hu, Zhong Li, Yuan Li Breast carcinoma plays a vital role in the reasons of global women's death. ER-related invasion and migration play an important part in the development and prognosis of breast cancer. Here, we found that 27-Hydroxycholesterol (27HC) could induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and increase the expression of the matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) at mRNA level and the active form. Meanwhile, interestingly, we found 27HC ...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - February 10, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Inhibition of c-Src protects paraquat induced microvascular endothelial injury by modulating caveolin-1 phosphorylation and caveolae mediated transcellular permeability
Publication date: Available online 2 February 2017 Source:Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology Author(s): Yu Huang, Qing He The mechanisms underlying paraquat induced acute lung injury (ALI) is still not clear. C-Src plays an important role in the regulation of microvascular endothelial barrier function and the pathogenesis of ALI. In the present study, we found that paraquat induced cell toxicity and an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in endothelium. Paraquat exposure also induced significant increase of caveolin-1 phosphorylation, caveolae trafficking and albumin permeability in endothelial monolayers. C-...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - February 2, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Coniferaldehyde inhibits LPS-induced apoptosis through the PKC α/β II/Nrf-2/HO-1 dependent pathway in RAW264.7 macrophage cells
Publication date: December 2016 Source:Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, Volume 48 Author(s): Ki Mo Kim, Deok Rim Heo, Young-A. Kim, Jun Lee, No Soo Kim, Ok-Sun Bang Coniferaldehyde (CA) exerts anti-inflammatory properties by inducing heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). To define the regulation mechanism by which CA induces a cytoprotective function and HO-1 expression, the up-stream regulations involved in the activation of nuclear transcription factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf)-2/HO-1 pathway were investigated. CA dramatically increased the Nrf-2 nuclear translocation and HO-1 expression. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-in...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - October 24, 2016 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Triclosan activates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent apoptosis and affects Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 expression in mouse neocortical neurons.
Abstract Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial agent that is used extensively in personal care and in sanitizing products, such as soaps, toothpastes, and hair products. A number of studies have revealed the presence of TCS in human tissues, such as fat, liver and brain, in addition to blood and breast milk. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of TCS on AhR and Cyp1a1/Cyp1b1 signaling in mouse neocortical neurons in primary cultures. In addition to the use of selective ligands and siRNAs, expression levels of mRNA and proteins as well as caspase-3 activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) format...
Source: Environmental Research - October 22, 2016 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Szychowski KA, Wnuk A, Kajta M, Wójtowicz AK Tags: Environ Res Source Type: research