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Knockdown of CAVEOLIN-1 Sensitizes Human Basal-Like Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells to Radiation
Conclusion: Our results support the hypothesis that CAV-1 knockdown by siRNA causes increased radiosensitivity in basal-like TNBC cells. The mechanisms associated with this effect are reduced DNA repair through delayed CAV-1-associated EGFR nuclear accumulation and induction ofG2/M arrest and apoptosis through the combined effects of CAV-1 siRNA and radiation.Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;44:778 –791
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - November 23, 2017 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Specific inhibition of HDAC4 in cardiac progenitor cells enhances myocardial repairs
We have recently shown that in vivo inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) stimulates endogenous myocardial regeneration in infarcted hearts (Zhang L et al. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 341: 285–293, 2012). Furthermore, our observation demonstrates that HDAC inhibition promotes cardiogenesis, which is associated with HDAC4 reduction. However, it remains unknown as to whether specific inhibition of HDAC4 modulates cardiac stem cells (CSCs) to facilitate myocardial repair and to preserve cardiac performance. c-kit+ CSCs were isolated from adult mouse hearts and were transfected with HDAC4 siRNA to knockdown HDAC4 of c-kit+ C...
Source: AJP: Cell Physiology - August 15, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhang, L. X., DeNicola, M., Qin, X., Du, J., Ma, J., Tina Zhao, Y., Zhuang, S., Liu, P. Y., Wei, L., Qin, G., Tang, Y., Zhao, T. C. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

Suppression of DNA-dependent protein kinase sensitize cells to radiation without affecting DSB repair
Publication date: November 2014 Source:Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, Volume 769 Author(s): Ann-Sofie Gustafsson , Andris Abramenkovs , Bo Stenerlöw Efficient and correct repair of DNA double-strand break (DSB) is critical for cell survival. Defects in the DNA repair may lead to cell death, genomic instability and development of cancer. The catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) is an essential component of the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) which is the major DSB repair pathway in mammalian cells. In the present study, by using siRNA against DNA-PKcs in f...
Source: Mutation Research Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis - November 3, 2014 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Regulation of phagocytosis and cytokine secretion by store-operated calcium entry in primary isolated murine microglia.
In this study, we demonstrate that Orai1- and Stim1-mediated SOC regulated the phagocytic activity and cytokine release of primary isolated murine microglia. RT-PCR analysis revealed that primary cultured microglia from neonatal ICR mouse brains had Orai1, Orai2, Orai3, and Stim1. To elucidate the role of SOCE in the immune functions of microglia, pharmacological inhibitors or knockdown with Orai1 or Stim1 siRNA was applied, and UDP-induced phagocytic activity and LPS-induced cytokine secretion activity were compared. The pharmacological inhibition and siRNA effect was verified by measuring thapsigargin (TG)-, ATP-, or UDP...
Source: Cellular Signalling - November 7, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Heo DK, Lim HM, Nam JH, Lee MG, Kim JY Tags: Cell Signal Source Type: research

The Bacterial Component Flagellin Induces Anti-Sepsis Protection Through TLR-5, IL-1RN and VCAN During Polymicrobial Sepsis in Mice
Conclusions: These data suggest that flagellin pretreatment promoted anti-sepsis protection through the TLR-5, IL-1RN and VCAN pathway. This pathway is necessary to mediate endothelial repair and thereby promote survival following sepsis challenge.Cell Physiol Biochem 2015;36:446-456
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - May 8, 2015 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

8-oxoG DNA Glycosylase-1 Inhibition Sensitizes Neuro-2a Cells to Oxidative DNA Base Damage Induced by 900 MHz Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation
Conclusion: Even if further studies remain conducted we support the hypothesis that OGG1 is involved in the process of DNA base repair and may play a pivotal role in protecting DNA bases from RF-EMF induced oxidative damage.Cell Physiol Biochem 2015;37:1075-1088
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - September 26, 2015 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 activates TGF-ss and stimulates fibroblast contraction of collagen gels.
This study provides direct evidence that endogenously produced MMP-9 has a role in regulation of tissue contraction of 3-dimensional collagen gels mediated by fibroblasts. PMID: 24705725 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - April 4, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Kobayashi T, Kim H, Liu X, Sugiura H, Kohyama T, Fang Q, Wen FQ, Abe S, Wang X, Atkinson JJ, Shipley JM, Senior RM, Rennard SI Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: research

Specific Inhibition of HDAC4 in Cardiac Progenitor Cells Enhances Myocardial Repairs.
Abstract We have recently shown that in vivo inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) stimulates endogenous myocardial regeneration in infarcted hearts. Furthermore, our observation demonstrates that HDAC inhibition promotes cardiogenesis, which is associated with HDAC4 reduction. However, it remains unknown as to whether specific inhibition of HDAC4 modulates cardiac stem cells (CSCs) to facilitate myocardial repair and to preserve cardiac performance. c-kit(+)CSCs were isolated from adult mouse hearts and were transfected with HDAC4siRNA to knockdown HDAC4 of c-kit(+)CSCs. The transfection of HDAC4siRNA caused a...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - June 18, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhang LX, DeNicola M, Qin X, Du J, Ma J, Zhao TY, Zhuang S, Liu PY, Wei L, Qin G, Tang Y, Zhao TC Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research

CD44 Influences Fibroblast Behaviors Via Modulation of Cell‐Cell and Cell‐Matrix Interactions, Affecting Survivin and Hippo Pathways
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - August 6, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Masayuki Tsuneki, Joseph A. Madri Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

The roles of nanocarriers on pigment epithelium-derived factor in the differentiation of human cardiac stem cells
In this study, we utilized organically modified silica (ORMOSIL) nanoparticles to deliver small interfering RNA (siRNA) against pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and induce the differentiation of human cardiac stem cells (CSCs). We found that the down-regulation of PEDF can inhibit the proliferation of human CSCs and induce cell differentiation. To further study the mechanism, we have tested the Notch signalling pathway genes, Hes1 and Hes5, and found that their expressions were inhibited by the PEDF down-regulation. Furthermore, with the restoration of PEDF, both the proliferation of human CSCs and expressions of H...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - August 12, 2015 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

CD44 Influences Fibroblast Behaviors Via Modulation of Cell–Cell and Cell–Matrix Interactions, Affecting Survivin and Hippo Pathways
CD44 has been studied in a wide variety of cell types, in a diverse array of cell behaviors and in a diverse range of signaling pathways. We now document a role for CD44 in mediating fibroblast behaviors via regulation of N‐cadherin, extracellular matrix expression, Survivin and the Hippo pathway. Here, we report our findings on the roles of CD44 in modulating proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of murine wild‐type (WT‐FB) and CD44 knockout dermal fibroblasts (CD44KO‐FB). As we have documented in microvascular endothelial cells lacking CD44, we found persistent increased proliferation, reduced activati...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - November 23, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Masayuki Tsuneki, Joseph A. Madri Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Runx2/DICER/miRNA Pathway in Regulating Osteogenesis
In conclusion, our results suggest that DICER is specifically regulated by osteogenic master gene Runx2 that binds to the DICER promoter. Consequently, DICER cleaves precursors of miR‐335‐5p and miR‐17‐92 cluster to form mature miRNAs, which target and decrease the Dickkopf‐related protein 1 (DKK1) and proapoptotic factor BIM levels, respectively, leading to an enhanced Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. These intriguing results reveal a central mechanism underlying lineage‐specific regulation by a Runx2/DICER/miRNAs cascade during osteogenic differentiation and bone development. Our study also suggests a pote...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - April 11, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Leilei Zheng, Qisheng Tu, Shu Meng, Lan Zhang, Liming Yu, Jinlin Song, Yun Hu, Lei Sui, Jin Zhang, Michel Dard, Jessica Cheng, Dana Murray, Jane Lian, Gary Stein, Jake Chen Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Mechano-growth factor protects against mechanical overload induced damage and promotes migration of growth plate chondrocytes through RhoA/YAP pathway.
In conclusion, MGF is an autocrine growth factor which is regulated by mechanical stimuli. MGF could not only protect growth plate chondrocytes against damage by mechanical overload, but also promote migration through activation of RhoA/YAP signaling axis. Most importantly, our findings indicate that MGF promote cell migration through YAP mediated FA formation to determine the FA-cytoskeleton remodeling. PMID: 29470961 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Cell Research - February 19, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Jing X, Ye Y, Bao Y, Zhang J, Huang J, Wang R, Guo J, Guo F Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Role of phospholipase D in bleomycin-induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation, mitochondrial DNA damage and pulmonary fibrosis.
In this study, we have identified phospholipase D (PLD) generated phosphatidic acid (PA) signaling in the development of pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Of the PLD isoenzymes, the protein expression of PLD2, but not PLD1, was up-regulated in lung tissues from IPF patients and bleomycin challenged mice. Both PLD1 (Pld1-/-) and PLD2 (Pld2-/-) deficient mice were protected against bleomycin induced lung inflammation and fibrosis, thereby establishing the role of PLD in fibrogenesis. The role of PLD1 and PLD2 in bleomycin-induced lung epithelial injury was investigated by infecting bronchial airway epithelial cells (Beas2B) with cata...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - May 14, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Suryadevara V, Huang L, Kim SJ, Cheresh S, Shaaya M, Bandela M, Fu P, Feghali-Bostwick CA, Di Paolo G, Kamp DW, Natarajan V Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: research

Neurogranin is expressed in mammalian skeletal muscle and inhibits calcineurin signaling and myoblast fusion.
Abstract Calcineurin is a Ca2+/calmodulin(CaM)-dependent phosphatase that plays a critical role in promoting the slow fiber phenotype and myoblast fusion in skeletal muscle, thereby making calcineurin an attractive cellular target for enhancing fatigue resistance, muscle metabolism, and muscle repair. Neurogranin (Ng) is a CaM-binding protein thought to be expressed solely in brain and neurons, where it inhibits calcineurin signaling by sequestering CaM, thus lowering its cellular availability. Here, we demonstrate for the first time the expression of Ng protein and mRNA in mammalian skeletal muscle. Both protein ...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - August 20, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Fajardo VA, Watson CJF, Bott KN, Moradi F, Maddalena LA, Bellissimo CA, Turner KD, Peters SJ, LeBlanc PJ, MacNeil AJ, Stuart JA, Tupling AR Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research

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