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Specialty: Endocrinology

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Total 648 results found since Jan 2013.

COX2 and PGE2 mediate EGF-induced E-cadherin-independent human ovarian cancer cell invasion
This study demonstrates an important role for COX2 and its derivative, PGE2, in the mediation of the effects of EGF on human ovarian cancer cell invasion.
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - June 26, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Qiu, X., Cheng, J.-C., Chang, H.-M., Leung, P. C. K. Tags: Research Source Type: research

MED12 overexpression is a frequent event in castration-resistant prostate cancer
In a recent effort to unravel the molecular basis of prostate cancer (PCa), Barbieri and colleagues using whole-exome sequencing identified a novel recurrently mutated gene, MED12, in 5.4% of primary PCa. MED12, encoding a subunit of the Mediator complex, is a transducer of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, linked to modulation of hedgehog signaling and to the regulation of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ)-receptor signaling. Therefore, these studies prompted us to investigate the relevance of MED12 in PCa. Expression of MED12, SMAD3 phosphorylation, and proliferation markers was assessed by immunohistochemistry on ...
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - July 22, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Shaikhibrahim, Z., Offermann, A., Braun, M., Menon, R., Syring, I., Nowak, M., Halbach, R., Vogel, W., Ruiz, C., Zellweger, T., Rentsch, C. A., Svensson, M., Andren, O., Bubendorf, L., Biskup, S., Duensing, S., Kirfel, J., Perner, S. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Overexpression of miR-210 is associated with SDH-related pheochromocytomas, paragangliomas, and gastrointestinal stromal tumours
miR-210 is a key regulator of response to hypoxia. Pheochromocytomas (PCs) and paragangliomas (PGLs) with germline SDHx or VHL mutations have pseudohypoxic gene expression signatures. We hypothesised that PC/PGLs containing SDHx or VHL mutations, and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-deficient gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs), would overexpress miR-210 relative to non-SDH or -VHL-mutated counterparts. miR-210 was analysed by quantitative PCR in i) 39 PC/PGLs, according to genotype (one SDHA, five SDHB, seven VHL, three NF1, seven RET, 15 sporadic, one unknown) and pathology (18 benign, eight atypical, 11 malignant, two...
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - May 6, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Tsang, V. H. M., Dwight, T., Benn, D. E., Meyer-Rochow, G. Y., Gill, A. J., Sywak, M., Sidhu, S., Veivers, D., Sue, C. M., Robinson, B. G., Clifton-Bligh, R. J., Parker, N. R. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Differential Signaling by Regulatory Subunits of Phosphoinositide-3-kinase Influences Cell Survival in INS-1E Insulinoma Cells
In conclusion, signalling of p50α, p55α and p85α is similar at the level of Akt, but differentially influence downstream GSK-3 activation and cell cycle entry. PI3K isoform p50α induction by cytokines provides a link between regeneration and cell survival under cytotoxic stress in insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text
Source: Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes - November 13, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Schrader, J.Niebel, P.Rossi, A.Archontidou-Aprin, E.Hörsch, D. Tags: Article Source Type: research

Involvement of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-mediated inhibition of breast cancer cell growth
Publication date: 5 January 2015 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Volume 399 Author(s): Cindy K. Pon , Sue M. Firth , Robert C. Baxter We have previously reported that insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), a protein with dichotomous effects on both cell proliferation and cell survival, interacts with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and inhibits adipogenic PPARγ signaling. We now show that IGFBP-3 and PPARγ interact in breast cancer cells, through amino- and carboxyl-terminal residues of IGFBP-3. IGFBP-3 and the PPARγ ligands, rosiglitazone or 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-pro...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - November 13, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

The role of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) in the preservation of renal function: DPP4 involvement in hemoglobin expression
In this study, to verify the role of DPP4 in the preservation of renal function, we performed a microarray analysis of the kidneys of WT and DPP4-deficient rats after STZ treatment, and gene expression analysis using rat kidneys, human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells, and human renal cancer cells (CakI-1). The microarray analysis indicated that the expression levels of the transporter activity, heme-binding, and pheromone binding-related genes changed significantly. The results of gene expression analysis indicated that there were no significant differences in the expression levels of hemoglobin mRNA between the DPP4-d...
Source: Journal of Endocrinology - October 8, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Sato, Y., Kamada, T., Yamauchi, A. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Oxytocin activates NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathways in human gestational tissues
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2014 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Author(s): Sung Hye Kim , David A. MacIntyre , Maria Firmino Da Silva , Andrew M. Blanks , Yun S Lee , Steven Thornton , Phillip R. Bennett , Vasso Terzidou Human labor, both at term and preterm, is preceded by NF-κB-mediated inflammatory activation within the uterus leading to myometrial activation, fetal membrane remodelling and cervical ripening. The stimuli triggering inflammatory activation in normal human parturition are not fully understood. We show that the neurohypophyseal peptide, oxytocin (OT), activates NF-κB and...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - November 14, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Palmitoleic acid prevents palmitic acid-induced macrophage activation and consequent p38 MAPK-mediated skeletal muscle insulin resistance
Publication date: 5 August 2014 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Volume 393, Issues 1–2 Author(s): Nicola A. Talbot , Caroline P. Wheeler-Jones , Mark E. Cleasby Obesity and saturated fatty acid (SFA) treatment are both associated with skeletal muscle insulin resistance (IR) and increased macrophage infiltration. However, the relative effects of SFA and unsaturated fatty acid (UFA)-activated macrophages on muscle are unknown. Here, macrophages were treated with palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid or both and the effects of the conditioned medium (CM) on C2C12 myotubes investigated. CM from palmitic acid-treated...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - November 23, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

NF-κB increased expression of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 4 promotes HepG2 proliferation via inactivating estradiol
In this study, HepG2 cells were used to investigate the role of HSD17B4 in the proliferation of liver cancer cells treated with the NF-κB activator, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), with the inhibitor of NF-κB activation, pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC), or with a related specific siRNA. We demonstrated that the human HSD17B4 gene is a target for NF-κB activation in inflammation-stimulated HepG2 cells. HSD17B4 is up-regulated via the binding of activated NF-κB to the distal NF-κB-responsive element via TNF-α stimulation, which then promotes cell proliferation by decreasing the levels of E2 and enhancing the ex...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - December 12, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

The active form of vitamin D, calcitriol, induces a complex dual upregulation of endothelin and nitric oxide in cultured endothelial cells
Despite the presence of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in endothelial cells, the effect of vitamin D on endothelial function is unknown. An unbalanced production of vasoactive endothelial factors such as nitric oxide (NO) or endothelin-1 (ET-1) results in endothelial dysfunction, which can alter the normal cardiovascular function. Present experiments were devoted to assess the effect of active vitamin D (calcitriol) on the synthesis of endothelial vasoactive factors. The results were that, in cells, calcitriol increased ET-1 and NO productions, which were measured by ELISA and fluorimetric assay, respectively. Calcitriol also in...
Source: AJP: Endocrinology and Metabolism - December 15, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Martinez-Miguel, P., Valdivielso, J. M., Medrano-Andres, D., Roman-Garcia, P., Cano-Penalver, J. L., Rodriguez-Puyol, M., Rodriguez-Puyol, D., Lopez-Ongil, S. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

The role of Mig‐6 in hepatic glucose metabolism
ConclusionLiver‐specific ablation of Mig‐6 caused hyperglycemia by hepatic insulin resistance. The increased EGFR signaling in Mig‐6 ablation caused JNK activation and eventually induced insulin resistance by increasing serine 307 phosphorylation of IRS‐1. It is the first report of Mig‐6 involvement in hepatic insulin resistance and a new mechanism that explains hepatic insulin resistance.
Source: Journal of Diabetes - January 7, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Jung‐Yoon Yoo, Tae Hoon Kim, Sieun Kong, Ju Hee Lee, Wonseok Choi, Koon Soon Kim, Hyun Jin Kim, Jae‐Wook Jeong, Bon Jeong Ku Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Clic4, a Novel Protein that Sensitizes β-cells to Apoptosis
Conclusions: Collectively, our data show that Clic4 is a cytokine-induced gene that sensitizes β-cells to apoptosis by reducing the steady state levels of Bcl-2, Bad and phosphorylated Bad.
Source: Molecular Metabolism - January 20, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Inhibition of prolyl hydroxylase 3 ameliorates cardiac dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy
Publication date: 5 March 2015 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Volume 403 Author(s): Yanfei Xia , Luwei Gong , Hui Liu , Beibei Luo , Bo Li , Rui Li , Beibei Li , Mei Lv , Jinyu Pan , Fengshuang An Prolyl hydroxylase 3 (PHD3) is a member of the prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) family and is induced by hypoxia. It plays a critical role in regulating the abundance of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). Its expression is increased in diabetic rat hearts; however, its role remains unclear. We investigated the potential role and mechanism of action of PHD3 in the setting of diabetes-induced myocardial dysfunction in rats. ...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - January 27, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Molecular cloning, expression pattern analysis of porcine Rb1 gene and its regulatory roles during primary dedifferentiated fat cells adipogenic differentiation.
Abstract Adipocytes are the main constituent of adipose tissue and are considered to be a corner stone in the homeostatic control of whole body metabolism. Recent reports evidenced that retinoblastoma 1 (Rb1) gene plays an important role in fat development and adipogenesis in mice. Here, we cloned the partial cDNA sequences of the porcine Rb1 gene which contains the complete coding sequences (CDS) of 2820bp encoding a protein of 939 amino acids. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the CDS of porcine Rb1 was highly identical with those of cattle, human and mice. The porcine Rb1 has three typical conserved structur...
Source: General and Comparative Endocrinology - January 24, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Hu X, Luo P, Peng X, Song T, Zhou Y, Wei H, Peng J, Jiang S Tags: Gen Comp Endocrinol Source Type: research

GATA4 is a key regulator of steroidogenesis and glycolysis in mouse Leydig cells.
Abstract Transcription factor GATA4 is expressed in somatic cells of the mammalian testis. Gene targeting studies in mice have shown that GATA4 is essential for proper differentiation and function of Sertoli cells. The role of GATA4 in Leydig cell development, however, remains controversial because targeted mutagenesis experiments in mice have not shown a consistent phenotype, possibly due to context-dependent effects or compensatory responses. We therefore undertook a reductionist approach to study the function of GATA4 in Leydig cells. Using microarray analysis and quantitative RT-PCR, we identified a set of gen...
Source: Endocrinology - February 10, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Schrade A, Kyrönlahti A, Akinrinade O, Pihlajoki M, Häkkinen M, Fischer S, Alastalo TP, Velagapudi V, Toppari J, Wilson DB, Heikinheimo M Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research