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Specialty: Urology & Nephrology

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Total 430 results found since Jan 2013.

Loss of the Protein Cystathionine β-Synthase During Kidney Injury Promotes Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis
Conclusions: These findings establish CBS as a novel inhibitor in renal fibrosis and as a new therapeutic target in patients with chronic kidney disease.Kidney Blood Press Res 2017;42:428 –443
Source: Kidney and Blood Pressure Research - July 27, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

(Pro)renin Receptor Is an Amplifier of Wnt/{beta}-Catenin Signaling in Kidney Injury and Fibrosis
The (pro)renin receptor (PRR) is a transmembrane protein with multiple functions. However, its regulation and role in the pathogenesis of CKD remain poorly defined. Here, we report that PRR is a downstream target and an essential component of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In mouse models, induction of CKD by ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), adriamycin, or angiotensin II infusion upregulated PRR expression in kidney tubular epithelium. Immunohistochemical staining of kidney biopsy specimens also revealed induction of renal PRR in human CKD. Overexpression of either Wnt1 or β-catenin induced PRR mRNA and protein expre...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - July 31, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Li, Z., Zhou, L., Wang, Y., Miao, J., Hong, X., Hou, F. F., Liu, Y. Tags: Basic Research Source Type: research

MicroRNA-200a Inhibits Transforming Growth Factor β1-Induced Proximal Tubular Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Targeting β-Catenin
Conclusions: miRNA-200a inhibits TGF β1-induced EMT by directly targeting β-catenin in proximal tubule epithelial cells.Nephron
Source: Nephron - August 17, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

High Uric Acid-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells via the TLR4/NF-kB Signaling Pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: UA can induce EMT in renal tubular epithelial cells by the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, and the targeted intervention of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway might effectively inhibit UA-induced renal interstitial fibrosis mediated by EMT. PMID: 29017152 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Nephrology - October 10, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Liu H, Xiong J, He T, Xiao T, Li Y, Yu Y, Huang Y, Xu X, Huang Y, Zhang J, Zhang B, Zhao J Tags: Am J Nephrol Source Type: research

Resveratrol Ameliorates Contrast Induced Nephropathy Through the Activation of SIRT1-PGC-1 α-Foxo1 Signaling in Mice
Conclusion: Resveratrol attenuated CIN by modulating renal oxidative stress and apoptosis through activation of SIRT1-PGC-1 α-FoxO1 signaling.Kidney Blood Press Res 2017;42:641 –653
Source: Kidney and Blood Pressure Research - October 16, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Cell adhesion molecule-1 (CADM1) shedding induces apoptosis of renal epithelial cells and exacerbates human nephropathies.
Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important problem throughout the world, associated with the increase of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (sCre), and renal tubular injuries. It is crucial to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of renal injuries in order to identify the new therapeutics and early diagnostic methods. We focused on cell adhesion molecule-1 (CADM1) protein. CADM1, its isoform SP4, is expressed in the epithelial cells of various tissues including renal distal tubules, localized on the lateral cell membrane, mediates cell-cell adhesion via trans-homophilic binding, and interacts ...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - October 25, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Kato T, Hagiyama M, Takashima Y, Yoneshige A, Ito A Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research

MiR-34c-5p and CaMKII are involved in aldosterone-induced fibrosis in kidney collecting duct cells.
In conclusion, aldosterone-induced down-regulation of miR-34c-5p in the Wnt signaling and consequent increase of CaMKIIβ expression are likely to be involved in aldosterone-induced fibrosis. PMID: 29070573 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - October 25, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Park EJ, Jung HJ, Choi HJ, Cho JI, Park HJ, Kwon TH Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research

Lithium induces aerobic glycolysis and glutaminolysis in collecting duct principal cells.
Abstract Lithium, given to bipolar disorder patients, causes nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (Li-NDI), a urinary concentrating defect. Li-NDI is due to downregulation of principal cell AQP2 expression, which coincides with principal cell proliferation. The metabolic effect of lithium on principal cells, however, is unknown and investigated here. Earlier, we have shown that the carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor acetazolamide attenuated Li-induced downregulation in mouse collecting duct (mpkCCD) cells. Of the eight CAs present in mpkCCD cells, siRNA and drug treatments showed that downregulation of CA9 and to some ex...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - October 25, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Alsady M, de Groot T, Kortenoeven MLA, Carmone C, Neijman K, Bekkenkamp-Grovenstein M, Engelke U, Wevers R, Baumgarten R, Korstanje R, Deen PMT Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research

Impact of Altered WNT2B Expression on Bladder Wall Fibroblasts: Implications for Apoptosis Regulation in the Stroma of the Lower Urinary Tract
Conclusion: Perturbation of WNT signalling results in an altered expression of the apoptosis inductorTNFSF10. Similar changes are observed in VUAS. Further studies investigating the crosslink between WNT signalling and apoptosis regulation in the urinary tract stroma are warranted.Urol Int
Source: Urologia Internationalis - October 31, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Endothelial NF-{kappa}B Blockade Abrogates ANCA-Induced GN
ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a highly inflammatory condition in which ANCA-activated neutrophils interact with the endothelium, resulting in necrotizing vasculitis. We tested the hypothesis that endothelial NF-B mediates necrotizing crescentic GN (NCGN) and provides a specific treatment target. Reanalysis of kidneys from previously examined murine NCGN disease models revealed NF-B activation in affected kidneys, mostly as a p50/p65 heterodimer, and increased renal expression of NF-B–dependent tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). NF-B activation positively correlated with crescent formation, and nuclear...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - October 31, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Choi, M., Schreiber, A., Eulenberg-Gustavus, C., Scheidereit, C., Kamps, J., Kettritz, R. Tags: Basic Research Source Type: research

TRAF6 regulates proliferation of stromal cells in the transition and peripheral zones of benign prostatic hyperplasia via Akt/mTOR signaling
ConclusionsTRAF6 can promote the proliferation of stromal cells of BPH via Akt/mTOR signaling. Our results may make stromal TRAF6 responsible for zonal characteristic of BPH and as a promising therapeutic strategy for BPH treatment.
Source: The Prostate - November 24, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Yun ‐Feng Shi, Dian‐Jun Yu, Chen‐Yi Jiang, Xing‐Jie Wang, Yi‐Ping Zhu, Rui‐Zhe Zhao, Zhong Lv, Xiao‐Wen Sun Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Targeting Phospholipase D4 Attenuates Kidney Fibrosis
Phospholipase D4 (PLD4), a single-pass transmembrane glycoprotein, is among the most highly upregulated genes in murine kidneys subjected to chronic progressive fibrosis, but the function of PLD4 in this process is unknown. Here, we found PLD4 to be overexpressed in the proximal and distal tubular epithelial cells of murine and human kidneys after fibrosis. Genetic silencing of PLD4, either globally or conditionally in proximal tubular epithelial cells, protected mice from the development of fibrosis. Mechanistically, global knockout of PLD4 modulated innate and adaptive immune responses and attenuated the upregulation of ...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - November 30, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Trivedi, P., Kumar, R. K., Iyer, A., Boswell, S., Gerarduzzi, C., Dadhania, V. P., Herbert, Z., Joshi, N., Luyendyk, J. P., Humphreys, B. D., Vaidya, V. S. Tags: Basic Research Source Type: research

Aberrant DNA methylation of pregnane X receptor underlies metabolic gene alterations in the diabetic kidney.
In this study, we show that pregnane X receptor (PXR), a xenobiotic nuclear receptor, is epigenetically altered and upregulated, and may have a possible function in the diabetic kidney. PXR has been shown to play a critical role in metabolic changes in obesity and diabetes; however, its distribution and function in the kidney are unknown. In the normal kidney, PXR was selectively expressed in the proximal tubular cells with demethylation in the promoter DNA. In db/db mice, significant increases in Pxr mRNA, further demethylation of DNA, and stimulatory histone marks in the promoter were observed. Epigenetic changes are lik...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - December 6, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Watanabe A, Marumo T, Kawarazaki W, Nishimoto M, Ayuzawa N, Ueda K, Hirohama D, Tanaka T, Yagi S, Ota S, Nagae G, Aburatani H, Kumagai H, Fujita T Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research

Validation of histone deacetylase 3 as a therapeutic target in castration ‐resistant prostate cancer
ConclusionsOur studies provide strong rationale for the near‐term development of specific HDAC3 inhibitors for the treatment of CRPC.
Source: The Prostate - December 15, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Abigail B. McLeod, James P. Stice, Suzanne E. Wardell, Holly M. Alley, Ching ‐yi Chang, Donald P. McDonnell Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research