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The Editors' Choice
Almost all bone marrow transplant recipients undergo preparative conditioning with combinations of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and antibody therapy to eradicate host immunity and “make space” for donor-derived repopulating cells. Rare inherited severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) disorders in which T-cell immunity is absent from birth can be “permissive” to transplantation without conditioning, but donor-derived immune recovery is generally limited to the T-cell compartment, and reconstitution might be suboptimal. There has been longstanding controversy about whether conditioning is justified to facilitate imm...
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - May 30, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Donald Y.M. Leung, Stanley J. Szefler, Associate Editors of the JACI Tags: The Editors' choice Source Type: research

Safety and efficacy of levofloxacin versus rifampicin in tuberculous meningitis: an open-label randomized controlled trial
Conclusions Levofloxacin is superior to rifampicin in reducing 6 month death in TBM but not disability. Levofloxacin may be used in TBM especially in those patients with hepatotoxicity and without seizure.
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - July 16, 2014 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kalita, J., Misra, U. K., Prasad, S., Bhoi, S. K. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Comparison of outcomes of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation without chemotherapy conditioning by using matched sibling and unrelated donors for treatment of severe combined immunodeficiency
Patients with severe combined immunodeficiency disease who have matched sibling donors (MSDs) can proceed to hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) without conditioning chemotherapy.
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 7, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Christopher C. Dvorak, Amel Hassan, Mary A. Slatter, Manfred Hönig, Arjan C. Lankester, Rebecca H. Buckley, Michael A. Pulsipher, Jeffrey H. Davis, Tayfun Güngör, Melissa Gabriel, Jacob H. Bleesing, Nancy Bunin, Petr Sedlacek, James A. Connelly, David Source Type: research

Solitary plasmacytoma of the index finger
Conclusions Solitary osseous plasmacytoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of distal extremity neoplasms.
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - August 18, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Daneshbod, Y., Nowshadi, P. A., Negahban, S., Aledavood, A., Ramzi, M., Fanaie, S., Bedayat, G., Medeiros, L. J. Tags: Immunology (including allergy) Short report Source Type: research

256o * weekly docetaxel (wd) vs cmf as adjuvant chemotherapy for elderly early breast cancer (ebc) patients (pts): final results from the randomised phase 3 elda trial
Conclusions: The ELDA trial shows that wD is not more effective than CMF, and produces worse QoL and toxicity. CMF remains a standard for elderly EBC pts. (Partially supported by Sanofi-Aventis).Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Source: Annals of Oncology - September 24, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Perrone, F., Nuzzo, F., Di Rella, F., Gravina, A., Landi, G., Pacilio, C., De Laurentiis, M., De Placido, S., Forestieri, V., Gargiulo, P., Daniele, B., Tinessa, V., Gori, S., Colantuoni, G., Barni, S., Riccardi, F., Piccirillo, M. C., Di Maio, M., Gallo, Tags: breast cancer, early stage Source Type: research

Comparison of outcomes of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation without chemotherapy conditioning by using matched sibling and unrelated donors for treatment of severe combined immunodeficiency
Patients with severe combined immunodeficiency disease who have matched sibling donors (MSDs) can proceed to hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) without conditioning chemotherapy.
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 7, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Christopher C. Dvorak, Amel Hassan, Mary A. Slatter, Manfred Hönig, Arjan C. Lankester, Rebecca H. Buckley, Michael A. Pulsipher, Jeffrey H. Davis, Tayfun Güngör, Melissa Gabriel, Jacob H. Bleesing, Nancy Bunin, Petr Sedlacek, James A. Connelly, David Tags: Immune deficiencies, infection, and systemic immune disorders Source Type: research

UCLA scientists discover protein that can accelerate cancer patients’ recovery after radiation and chemotherapy
UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center Dr. John Chute Scientists from UCLA’s Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have shown for the first time how a unique protein found in human bone marrow can drive stem cells to repair our blood system after an injury. The groundbreaking findings provide a roadmap that could help scientists make existing radiation and chemotherapy treatments more effective for people with cancer and other blood-related diseases. Led by Dr. John Chute, a UCLA professor of hematology and radiation oncology and a member of the Jonsson Cancer Center, the nearly two-year study was published online by th...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - October 21, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Stem cell transplantation for primary immunodeficiency diseases: the North American experience
Purpose of reviewThis review describes recent studies on outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for primary immunodeficiency in North America, including severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome and chronic granulomatous disease. Recent findingsUsing uniform diagnostic criteria, the Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium described the baseline characteristics of newly diagnosed infants with SCID in North America. Analysis of outcomes of hematopoietic cell transplantation for SCID in North America from 2000 to 2009 showed that young infants, and older infants without a...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - October 24, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: PRIMARY IMMUNE DEFICIENCY DISEASE: Edited by Ramsay L. Fuleihan and Bruce D. Mazer Source Type: research

Long-term consequences of Hodgkin lymphoma therapy on T-cell lymphopoiesis
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a hematologic malignancy of the lymphoid tissue that mainly affects young adults.1 Standard treatment for subdiaphragmatic stages I and II combines chemotherapy regimen followed by dose-reduced involved-field irradiation (including mediastinum). Adverse effects of treatment include early death, second neoplasm, and organ dysfunction.1 The consequences of HL treatments on thymus involution remain poorly explored.2 Here, we investigated the long-term effects of thymic irradiation on the naive T-cell compartment in 30 patients with HL, 7 to 19 years after mediastinal radiotherapy (all in complete r...
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - October 25, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Isabelle Pellier, Gilles Renier, Josué Rakotonjanahary, Marie Audrain, Elsa Berardi, Martine Gardembas, Aline Clavert, Marie Pierre Moles, Stéphanie Proust-Houdemont, Yves Reguerre, Emilie De Carli, Martine Georgin-Mege, Erwan Garo, Simon Blanchard, Cha Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Panacea seed “Nigella”: A review focusing on regenerative effects for gastric ailments
Publication date: Available online 13 October 2014 Source:Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences Author(s): Shahida A. Khan , Aziz M. Khan , Sajjad Karim , Mohammad Amjad Kamal , Ghazi A. Damanhouri , Zeenat Mirza Nigella sativa (NS) or black cumin is a dark, thin, and crescent-shaped, seeded shrub belonging to the Ranunculaceae family commonly growing on Mediterranean coasts in Saudi Arabia, northern Africa and Asia. They have amazing curative and therapeutic features that make them one of the most popular, safe, non-detrimental, and cytoprotective medicinal plant that can be used for prevention and treatment of many comp...
Source: Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences - November 7, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Hypersensitivity reactions to racemic calcium folinate (leucovorin) during FOLFOX and FOLFIRI chemotherapy administrations
Hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to antineoplastic agents are an increasingly important problem, and some patients may be doomed to therapy discontinuation for fear of inducing severe reactions.1 HSRs to oxaliplatin have been reported, with the incidence ranging from 12% to 17%,1 whereas very few cases of folinic acid HSRs have been reported.2 Folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) and folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) regimes are used in colorectal cancer treatment.
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - November 7, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Alicia Ureña-Tavera, Miriam Zamora-Verduga, Ricardo Madrigal-Burgaleta, Denisse Angel-Pereira, Maria Pilar Berges-Gimeno, Emilio Alvarez-Cuesta Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Sy10-3 * factors influencing the onset of chemotherapy-induced adverse events including drug-drug interaction
It is important for cancer chemotherapy to maintain effective response with minimizing undesired drug effects. Individual differences of pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of anticancer drugs contribute a great deal to the development of adverse events. With regard to PK change, decrease in renal clearance due to renal failure or drug-drug interaction is one of the most serious problem for drugs mainly excreted by the kidney. Folic acid analogs are typical drugs excreted by the kidney. Recently, we indicated that pemetrexed, one of the folic acid analogs, is a superior substrate to methotrexate for hOAT3 (SLC2...
Source: Annals of Oncology - October 19, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Iwamoto, T., Okuda, M. Tags: Symposium 10: ' Clinical Pharmacology of anticancer drugs Source Type: research

Nivolumab bests dacarbazine for melanoma survival
Nivolumab achieves significant improvements in overall survival and progression-free survival compared with conventional chemotherapy in untreated patients with advanced melanoma, regardless of PD-L1 status, according to data presented at the International Congress for the Society for Melanoma...
Source: Skin and Allergy News - November 17, 2014 Category: Dermatology Tags: ONCR Journals ONCR News ONCR Melanoma & Skin Cancers SAN Journals SAN Clinical News SAN News SAN SCN: Melanoma CME-candidate Source Type: news

UCLA researchers unlock protein key to harnessing regenerative power of blood stem cells
In this study, the authors showed that a cell surface protein called protein tyrosine phosphatase-sigma (PTP-sigma) regulates the critical process called engraftment, which is how HSCs start to grow and make healthy blood cells after transplantation. Mamle Quarmyne, a graduate student Chute’s lab and first author of the study, demonstrated that PTP-sigma is produced (expressed) on a high percentage of mouse and human HSCs. She showed further that genetic deletion of PTP-sigma in mice markedly increased the ability of HSCs to engraft in transplanted mice.  In a complementary study, Quarmyne demonstrated that selection o...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - December 8, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Weekly docetaxel vs CMF as adjuvant chemotherapy for older women with early breast cancer: final results of the randomised phase 3 ELDA trial.
CONCLUSIONS: Weekly docetaxel is not more effective than standard CMF as adjuvant treatment for older women with breast cancer, and worsens QoL and toxicity. PMID: 25488686 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Ann Oncol - December 8, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Perrone F, Nuzzo F, Di Rella F, Gravina A, Iodice G, Labonia V, Landi G, Pacilio C, Rossi E, De Laurentiis M, D'Aiuto M, Botti G, Forestieri V, Lauria R, De Placido S, Tinessa V, Daniele B, Gori S, Colantuoni G, Barni S, Riccardi F, De Maio E, Montanino A Tags: Ann Oncol Source Type: research