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Study identifies therapeutic target for high blood pressure in the lungs
This study was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health and the American Heart Association; and by the Foundation for Anesthesia Education and Research.
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - October 1, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

FKN Facilitates HK-2 Cell EMT and Tubulointerstitial Lesions via the Wnt/ β-Catenin Pathway in a Murine Model of Lupus Nephritis
In this study, we therefore examined whether FKN could stimulate the process of EMT, NF-kB, TGFβ, CCL22, F4/80, inflammation, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in a murine model of LN. We also determined whether FKN was involved in the EMT process of Wnt/β-catenin-expressing HK-2 cells. Mechanistically, we ascertained, for the first time, whether FKN up-regulated EMT-related gene signatures (e.g., vimentin, α-SMA), and hence, renal tubulointerstitial fibrogenesis, and the role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in this process. Materials and Methods Cell Culture, Stable Infection, and Gr...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 29, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

High-Throughput Characterization of Viral and Cellular Protein Expression Patterns During JC Polyomavirus Infection
Discussion The study of viral infections in vitro has provided innumerable advances to the field of virology. However, the lack of rapid and efficient screening tools has hindered research progress for some viruses, like JCPyV (Houff et al., 1983; Zu Rhein, 1983; Assetta and Atwood, 2017). To overcome this challenge, the development of high-throughput analyses is needed to help aid in the production of large data sets and generation of multiple lines of inquiry. Current methodologies for analyzing JCPyV infectivity predominantly rely on manual quantitation of infection by indirect immunodetection of viral proteins by epif...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Autophagy Is a Defense Mechanism Inhibiting Invasion and Inflammation During High-Virulent Haemophilus parasuis Infection in PK-15 Cells
In this study, we sought to investigate whether SH0165 (serovar 5, high-virulent strain) and HN0001 (serovar 6, non-virulent strain) infection induces autophagy and the specific role of autophagy in bacterial invasion and inflammation during H. parasuis infection. Moreover, we explored the mechanism underlying autophagy regulated inflammation through inflammatory signaling cascades during H. parasuis infection. This observation could provide useful information for further understanding the role of autophagy in H. parasuis infection and improve our knowledge of new strategies against this pathogen. Materials and Methods B...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Increased 27-hydroxycholesterol production during luteolysis may mediate the progressive decline in progesterone secretion
This study provides functional evidence of a novel mechanism via increased 27OH synthesis during luteolysis, which subsequently represses progesterone secretion. Increased 27OH may also facilitate the progression of luteolysis in domestic animal species.STUDY FUNDING AND COMPETING INTEREST(S)The authors have nothing to disclose. Support was provided by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health& Human Development (NICHD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), award number R00HD067678 to R.L.B.
Source: Molecular Human Reproduction - November 21, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Integrin {alpha}4-positive human trophoblast progenitors: functional characterization and transcriptional regulation
This study supported our hypothesis that TBPCs from the chorionic mesenchyme can contribute to the subpopulation of CTBs that reside in the smooth chorion. In the absence of in vivo data, which is difficult to obtain in humans, the results have the limitations common to all in vitro studies. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The accepted view is that progenitors reside among the villous CTB subpopulation. Here, we show that TBPCs also reside in the mesenchymal layer of the smooth chorion throughout gestation. We theorize that they can contribute to the CTB layer in this region. This phenomenon may be particularly importa...
Source: Human Reproduction - May 17, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Genbacev, O., Larocque, N., Ona, K., Prakobphol, A., Garrido-Gomez, T., Kapidzic, M., Barcena, A., Gormley, M., Fisher, S. J. Tags: Reproductive biology Source Type: research

Abstract A12: Establishment of myeloid lineage cell line that resembles myeloid-derived suppressive cells
Myeloid-derived suppressive cells (MDSCs) are inflammatory cells that play critical roles in promoting cancer growth and metastasis. In order to facilitate characterization of biochemical and cellular mechanisms of MDSCs, it is urgent to establish an "MDSC-like" cell line for pharmacological and immunotherapeutic applications. Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) is a critical lipid enzyme in the metabolic signaling pathway that hydrolyzes cholesteryl esters (CE) and triglycerides (TG) in lysosomes. In mice, lack of LAL in genetically ablated knockout mice (lal-/-) shows systemic expansion of MDSCs, which directly stimulate cancer ...
Source: Molecular Cancer Research - January 15, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yan, C., Ding, X., Wu, L., Du, H. Tags: Cancer Metabolic Pathways: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Targeted Delivery of siRNA
The biological phenomenon of RNA interference (RNAi) has much promise for developing therapeutics to a variety of diseases. However, development of RNAi therapies remains mainly in preclinical stages largely because of difficulties in delivering small inhibitory RNAs (siRNA) and short hairpin RNAs (shRNA) into target cells. Although viral vector-based siRNA delivery systems have been widely used, their specificity and safety remain significant issues. Without a solution to these delivery problems, RNAi cannot fulfill its therapeutic promise.Scientists at the National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging have d...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - January 1, 2009 Category: Research Authors: ajoyprabhu3 Source Type: research

A Novel and Efficient Technology for Targeted Delivery of siRNA
The biological phenomenon of RNA interference (RNAi) has much promise for developing therapeutics to a variety of diseases. However, development of RNAi therapies remains mainly in preclinical stages largely because of difficulties in delivering small inhibitory RNAs (siRNA) and short hairpin RNAs (shRNA) into target cells. Although viral vector-based siRNA delivery systems have been widely used, their specificity and safety remains significant issue. Without a solution to this delivery problem, RNAi cannot fulfill its therapeutic promise. Investigators at the National Institutes of Health have developed novel compositions...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - January 1, 2009 Category: Research Authors: admin Source Type: research