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Accident ahead? Difficulties of drivers with and without reading impairment recognising words and pictograms in variable message signs - Roca J, Tejero P, Insa B.
A timely and accurate acquisition of the information provided by variable message signs (VMS) can be crucial while driving. In the current study, we assess the difficulties of adults with dyslexia acquiring the information shown in VMS and provide evidence...
Source: SafetyLit - November 13, 2017 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Tags: Distraction, Fatigue, Chronobiology, Vigilance, Workload Source Type: news
Do prereaders ’ auditory processing and speech perception predict later literacy?
This study provides behavioral support for the link between prereading speech amplitude envelope processing and speech perception for future phonology and reading.
Source: Research in Developmental Disabilities - September 21, 2017 Category: Disability Source Type: research
Exploring the Link between Visual Perception, Visual –Motor Integration, and Reading in Normal Developing and Impaired Children using DTVP‐2
Reading is known to be primarily a linguistic task. However, to successfully decode written words, children also need to develop good visual‐perception skills. Furthermore, motor skills are implicated in letter recognition and reading acquisition. Three studies have been designed to determine the link between reading, visual perception, and visual–motor integration using the Developmental Test of Visual Perception version 2 (DTVP‐2). Study 1 tests how visual perception and visual–motor integration in kindergarten predict reading outcomes in Grade 1, in typical developing children. Study 2 is aimed at finding out if...
Source: Dyslexia - May 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: St éphanie Bellocchi, Mathilde Muneaux, Andréa Huau, Yohana Lévêque, Marianne Jover, Stéphanie Ducrot Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Measuring orthographic transparency and morphological-syllabic complexity in alphabetic orthographies: a narrative review
AbstractThis narrative review discusses quantitative indices measuring differences between alphabetic languages that are related to the process of word recognition. The specific orthography that a child is acquiring has been identified as a central element influencing reading acquisition and dyslexia. However, the development of reliable metrics to measure differences between language scripts hasn ’t received much attention so far. This paper therefore reviews metrics proposed in the literature for quantifying orthographic transparency, syllabic complexity, and morphological complexity of alphabetic languages. The review...
Source: Reading and Writing - April 17, 2017 Category: Child Development Source Type: research
Auditory brainstem responses to stop consonants predict literacy
Dyslexia is a developmental reading and spelling disorder with a complex genetic architecture (Fisher and DeFries, 2002). The cumulative incidence rate is high with 5-12% (Shaywitz SE et al., 1990). Dyslexia persists in 4-6% of adults (Schulte-K örne and Remschmidt, 2003) disadvantaging employment, and compromising participation in daily life. Prevention requires early sensitive screenings that need to assess several cognitive domains as well as multiple senses because literacy acquisition evolves from the interplay between linguistic comp etencies, attention, memory, audition, vision, and gaze-control (Mcanally and Stein...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - December 17, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Nicole E. Neef, Gesa Schaadt, Angela D. Friederici Source Type: research
Phonological abilities in literacy-impaired children: Brain potentials reveal deficient phoneme discrimination, but intact prosodic processing
Publication date: Available online 27 November 2016 Source:Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Author(s): Claudia Männel, Gesa Schaadt, Franziska K. Illner, Elke van der Meer, Angela D. Friederici Intact phonological processing is crucial for successful literacy acquisition. While individuals with difficulties in reading and spelling (i.e., developmental dyslexia) are known to experience deficient phoneme discrimination (i.e., segmental phonology), findings concerning their prosodic processing (i.e., suprasegmental phonology) are controversial. Because there are no behavior-independent studies on the underlying neural c...
Source: Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience - November 26, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
A sequence learning impairment in dyslexia? It depends on the task
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2016 Source:Research in Developmental Disabilities Author(s): Lisa M. Henderson, Meesha Warmington Language acquisition is argued to be dependent upon an individuals’ sensitivity to serial-order regularities in the environment (sequential learning), and impairments in reading and spelling in dyslexia have recently been attributed to a deficit in sequential learning. The present study examined the learning and consolidation of sequential knowledge in 30 adults with dyslexia and 29 typical adults matched on age and nonverbal ability using two tasks previously reported to be s...
Source: Research in Developmental Disabilities - November 13, 2016 Category: Disability Source Type: research
Phonological skills, visual attention span, and visual stress in developmental dyslexia.
In this study, we concurrently investigated 3 possible causes of dyslexia —a phonological deficit, visual stress, and a reduced visual attention span—in a large population of 164 dyslexic and 118 control French children, aged between 8 and 13 years old. We found that most dyslexic children showed a phonological deficit, either in terms of response accuracy (92.1% of t he sample), speed (84.8%), or both (79.3%). Deficits in visual attention span, as measured by partial report ability, affected 28.1% of dyslexic participants, all of which also showed a phonological deficit. Visual stress, as measured by subjective report...
Source: Developmental Psychology - October 2, 2016 Category: Child Development Authors: Saksida, Amanda; Iannuzzi, St éphanie; Bogliotti, Caroline; Chaix, Yves; Démonet, Jean-François; Bricout, Laure; Billard, Catherine; Nguyen-Morel, Marie-Ange; Le Heuzey, Marie-France; Soares-Boucaud, Isabelle; George, Florence; Ziegler, Johannes C.; Ra Source Type: research
NRSN1 associated grey matter volume of the visual word form area reveals dyslexia before school
Literacy learning depends on the flexibility of the human brain to reconfigure itself in response to environmental influences. At the same time, literacy and disorders of literacy acquisition are heritable and thus to some degree genetically predetermined. Here we used a multivariate non-parametric genetic model to relate literacy-associated genetic variants to grey and white matter volumes derived by voxel-based morphometry in a cohort of 141 children. Subsequently, a sample of 34 children attending grades 4 to 8, and another sample of 20 children, longitudinally followed from kindergarten to first grade, were classified ...
Source: Brain - September 25, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Skeide, M. A., Kraft, I., Müller, B., Schaadt, G., Neef, N. E., Brauer, J., Wilcke, A., Kirsten, H., Boltze, J., Friederici, A. D. Tags: Neuropsychiatry Original Articles Source Type: research
Graph Analysis of EEG Resting State Functional Networks in Dyslexic Readers
Reading involves integrated functioning of complex brain networks. Distinct brain systems, mostly in the left hemisphere, have been proposed to specialize during reading acquisition (see a review in Schlaggar and McCandliss, 2007). Studies in developmental dyslexia revealed various disturbances of the brain networks implicated in reading. Studies using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to examine white matter properties of the main pathways that constitute the anatomical basis of the network reported reduced connectivity in dyslexia (for a review and meta-analysis Vandermosten et al., 2012).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 3, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: G. Fraga Gonz ález, M.J.W. Van der Molen, G. Žarić, M. Bonte, J. Tijms, L. Blomert, C.J. Stam, M.W. Van der Molen Source Type: research
Relationships between Categorical Perception of Phonemes, Phoneme Awareness, and Visual Attention Span in Developmental Dyslexia
by Rachel Zoubrinetzky, Gregory Collet, Willy Serniclaes, Marie-Ange Nguyen-Morel, Sylviane Valdois
We tested the hypothesis that the categorical perception deficit of speech sounds in developmental dyslexia is related to phoneme awareness skills, whereas a visual attention (VA) span deficit constitutes an independent deficit. Phoneme awareness tasks, VA span tasks and categorical perception tasks of phoneme identification and discrimination using a d/t voicing continuum were administered to 63 dyslexic children and 63 control children matched on chronological age. Results showed significant differences in categorical per...
Source: PLoS One - March 7, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Rachel Zoubrinetzky et al. Source Type: research
Orthographic processing deficits in developmental dyslexia: Beyond the ventral visual stream
Publication date: March 2016 Source:NeuroImage, Volume 128 Author(s): Marianna Boros, Jean-Luc Anton, Catherine Pech-Georgel, Jonathan Grainger, Marcin Szwed, Johannes C. Ziegler Fast effortless reading has been associated with the Visual Word Form Area (VWFA), a region in the ventral visual stream that specializes in the recognition of letter strings. Several neuroimaging studies of dyslexia revealed an underactivation of this region. However, most of these studies used reading tasks and/or were carried out on adults. Given that fluent reading is severely impaired in dyslexics, any underactivation might simply ref...
Source: NeuroImage - January 24, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Developmental dyscalculia: Causes, characteristics, and interventions.
We live in a world that requires us to process enormous amounts of numerical information. Operating technical devices, estimating or calculating monetary gains or costs, and time management are just a few of the daily demands that require numerical processing. It is evident that a lack of numerical fluency can exert a profoundly negative impact on individual productivity, employment, health, and finances. For example, low numerical skills are associated with lower income, higher risk of being sick, or higher risk of mortgage default (Gerardi, Goette, & Meier, 2013; Parsons & Bynner, 2005). One reason for low numeracy is de...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Psychologie - August 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Kuhn, Jörg-Tobias Source Type: research
Developmental dyscalculia: Neurobiological, cognitive, and developmental perspectives.
Developmental dyscalculia (DD) is a specific learning disorder that affects the acquisition of arithmetic skills and number processing in children. A high comorbidity between DD and other neurodevelopmental disorders (e.g., dyslexia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD]) as well as substantial heterogeneity in cognitive profiles have been reported. Current studies indicate that DD is persistent, has a genetic component, and is related to functional and structural alterations of brain areas involved in magnitude representation. Recent neuronal and behavioral evidence is presented, showing that DD entails (a) impa...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Psychologie - August 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Kuhn, Jörg-Tobias Source Type: research
