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What Are Some Mast Cell Disorders?
Discussion Mast cells (MCs) were first discovered by Paul Ehrlich in 1878. Previously in 1869, Nettleship and Tay described a toddler with chronic urticaria and a brown skin lesion which is believed to be the first reported case of mastocytosis. Urticaria pigmentosa was a term first used by Sangster in 1878, and in 1936 the term mastocytosis was used. “Mast cells first evolved 500 million years ago in Ascidians (sea squirts), providing host innate immunity against bacteria and parasites….MCs gained additional functions regulating inflammation, wound healing, coagulation, adaptive immunity and acute allergic res...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - February 21, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Hyper-eosinophilic syndrome: An uncommon cause of chronic abdominal pain in an elderly male.
We report an elderly male with a history of bronchial asthma, obstructive sleep apnoea and food allergy who presented with chronic abdominal pain and weight loss. Abdominal examination and routine evaluation were essentially normal other than a peripheral hyper-eosinophilia. We witnessed a brisk and lasting response to an elimination diet and corticosteroids. PMID: 33472567 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Tropical Doctor - January 20, 2021 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Praharaj DL, Mallick B, Nath P, Panigrahi SC, Anand AC, Sharma R Tags: Trop Doct Source Type: research

Eosinophilic colitis in children: a new and elusive enemy?
ConclusionThis study focus attention on EC as a new challenging pathology. Multicentric randomized clinical trials are needed to understand physiopathological mechanisms to validate a possible endoscopic score and related histological threshold, and to standardize therapy according to clinical features and instrumental findings. The high prevalence of EC in ASD need further specific research.
Source: Pediatric Surgery International - January 7, 2021 Category: Surgery Source Type: research

A Bidirectional Label Propagation Based Computational Model for Potential Microbe-Disease Association Prediction
Discussion There are numerous microbial communities inhabited in the human body, which is critical to human health. The relationship between human microbiome and diseases received much attention from both medical and bioinformatics community recently. However, traditional methods to detect their association is costly and labor-intensive. Thus, we proposed here a new computational model called NBLPIHMDA to infer potential microbe-disease associations. NBLPIHMDA first combined known microbe-disease associations in HMDAD and the Gaussian interaction profile kernel similarity to construct disease similarity network and microb...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 8, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

BET Bromodomain Inhibitor iBET151 Impedes Human ILC2 Activation and Prevents Experimental Allergic Lung Inflammation
This study was supported by grants from GSK and the UK Medical Research Council (U105178805). Conflict of Interest Statement AM has grant funding from GSK and AstraZeneca/MedImmune. MB, DJ, AP, DT, and AvO are employees of GSK. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to the Ares staff, genotyping facility, and flow cytometry core for their technical assistance. We thank Jen Walker for advice on the manuscript. Supplementary Material The Supplem...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 8, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Visceral leishmaniasis: a forgotten epidemic
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL or kala-azar) is most endemic in Asia and Africa and commonly affects young children. It is usually caused by Leishmania donovani or Leishmania infantum that are transmitted by Phlebotomine sand flies. Transmission may be anthroponotic or zoonotic or both, depending on the endemic area. Clinical features include fever, hepatosplenomegaly, weight loss and pancytopenia. Younger age, malnutrition and immunosuppression (HIV infection, use of immunosuppressive drugs) are risk factors. Many infections remain asymptomatic. Diagnosis is made by demonstration of the Leishmania parasite in aspirates of lym...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - May 17, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Zijlstra, E. E. Tags: Oncology, Immunology (including allergy), ADC Global child health, HIV/AIDS, Travel medicine, Tropical medicine (infectious diseases), Child health, Sexual health Source Type: research

Evolution of nonspecific duodenal lymphocytosis over 2 years of follow-up.
CONCLUSION: DL may have a multifactorial origin but the IELs infiltrate and HLA are strong predictive factors for CD development and a clinical diagnosis of GS. PMID: 26140001 [PubMed - in process]
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - June 28, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Losurdo G, Piscitelli D, Giangaspero A, Principi M, Buffelli F, Giorgio F, Montenegro L, Sorrentino C, Amoruso A, Ierardi E, Di Leo A Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: research

Myiasis (fly disease) and insectal disease generally are causing mental illness
Abstract: Mental illness by which psychosis is meant here is known to be caused mainly by imbalances of certain neurotransmitters in the brain. But, what is causing these imbalances? There has been a recent flurry of interest focusing on the possibility of parasitical disease. The appropriateness of this is based on the fact that organisms of the animal kingdom produce the same neurotransmitters. In fact stinging insects release them in their venoms.The proposal here is that insect larval parasites acting on the human brain and body may release such neurotransmitters and cause imbalances and altered mental states and is su...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - May 31, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: K.J. Clarke Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research