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Specialty: Neurology
Condition: Patent Foramen Ovale

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Total 305 results found since Jan 2013.

Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism Among Patients With a Cryptogenic Stroke Linked to Patent Foramen Ovale —A Review of the Literature
Conclusion: VTE can be detected in patients with CS linked to PFO. While –based on the presented literature–routine screening for VTE in patients with CS linked to PFO does not appear justified, history taking, and clinical exam should consider concomitant VTE. Whenever clinically suspected, the threshold to trigger ancillary testing for VTE should be low. Among patients with an acute PE and PFO, vigilance for new neurologic deficits should be increased, with a low threshold for brain imaging.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 4, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A Narrative and Critical Review of Randomized-Controlled Clinical Trials on Patent Foramen Ovale Closure for Reducing the Risk of Stroke Recurrence
Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a common cardiac anatomic variant that has been increasingly found in young (<60 years) cryptogenic stroke patients. Despite initial neutral randomized-controlled clinical trials (RCTs), there have been four recent RCTs providing consistent data in favor of the efficacy and safety of PFO closure compared to medical therapy for secondary stroke prevention. However, taking into consideration the high prevalence of PFO, the low risk of stroke recurrence under medical treatment and the uncommon yet severe adverse events of the intervention, patient selection is crucial for attaining meaningful ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - June 3, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Presence of Atrial Fibrillation in Stroke Patients With Patent Foramen Ovale: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Conclusion: The presence of a PFO in patients with ischemic stroke/TIA may be associated with a lower risk of AF. Few studies have estimated the risk of future AF in patients with PFO.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 15, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Diagnostic Value of Micro-Bubble Transcranial Doppler Combined with Contrast Transthoracic Echocardiography in Cryptogenic Stroke Patients with Patent Foramen Ovale
Conclusion: The combination of MB-TCD and cTTE can improve the sensitivity and specificity of PFO diagnosis in cryptogenic stroke patients. MB-TCD medium also had high sensitivity and specificity.
Source: Neurology India - August 30, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Jianping Lu Jinguo Li Huapin Huang Qinyong Ye Source Type: research

Broadening Our SCOPE of Understanding Patent Foramen Ovale High-risk Features and Stroke
Paradoxical embolization of a blood clot of presumed venous origin through a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is increasingly recognized as a legitimate cause of otherwise cryptogenic ischemic stroke (CIS). The term PFO-associated stroke has been proposed, as has where and how to classify this entity in the nomenclature of various ischemic stroke subtyping systems. PFOs are common, with prevalence as high as 25% in the general population. The prevalence of PFO is further increased in patients with CIS (overall 2.9 times higher), and especially so in the subset of younger patients (<55 years, 5.1 times higher). One estimate of...
Source: JAMA Neurology - October 10, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Detection of patent foramen ovale in patients with ischemic stroke on prospective ECG-gated cardiac CT compared to transthoracic echocardiography
ConclusionProspective ECG-gated cardiac CT acquired during the acute stroke imaging protocol does not appear to be a suitable screening method for PFO due to its low sensitivity. Our data suggest that if cardiac CT is used as a first-line screening method for cardioembolism, additional echocardiography remains indicated in young patients with cryptogenic stroke, in whom PFO detection would have therapeutic consequences. These results need to be confirmed in larger cohorts.
Source: Journal of Neurology - April 7, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cervical Artery Dissection in Young Adults in the Stroke in Young Fabry Patients (sifap1) Study
Background: Patients with carotid artery dissection (CAD) have been reported to have different vascular risk factor profiles and clinical outcomes to those with vertebral artery dissection (VAD). However, there are limited data from recent, large international studies comparing risk factors and clinical features in patients with cervical artery dissection (CeAD) with other TIA or ischemic stroke (IS) patients of similar age and sex. Methods: We analysed demographic, clinical and risk factor profiles in TIA and IS patients ≤55 years of age with and without CeAD in the large European, multi-centre, Stroke In young FAbry Pa...
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 23, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Recurrent paradoxical embolic cerebral ischemia after patent foramen ovale closure
We report a case of recurrent paradoxical brain embolism in spite of PFO closure.
Source: Nature Clinical Practice - February 16, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Farina, F. M., Baracchini, C. Tags: Stroke in young adults, Other cerebrovascular disease/ Stroke, Arteriovenous malformation, Embolism, All Genetics Cases Source Type: research

Prevalence of Pelvic Vein Pathology in Patients with Cryptogenic Stroke and Patent Foramen Ovale Undergoing MRV Pelvis
Conclusion: We demonstrate a relatively high prevalence of pelvic DVT among select CS patients emphasizing the importance of considering the pelvic veins as a potential source for emboli particularly in the presence of risk factors known to predispose DVT. Because patients were included at the treating physician's discretion, our results reflect ‘real-life' practice. Our results may be of clinical importance as inclusion of pelvic vein imaging in CS patients with PFO had impactful therapeutic and nosologic implications. Further study is needed to define patients most likely to benefit from pelvic vein imaging.Cerebrovasc Dis 2015;39:216-223
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 13, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Differential Lesion Patterns on T2WI and FLAIR Sequences in Cryptogenic Stroke Patients With Patent Foramen Ovale
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine lesion patterns and stroke mechanisms in cryptogenic ischemic stroke patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences combined. Participants and Methods: Twenty-nine patients with cryptogenic ischemic stroke and an isolated PFO (CS-PFO+ group) compared with 51 cryptogenic stroke patients without PFO (CS-PFO− group) were evaluated and the characteristics of their lesion patterns on T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences combined were investigated. We compared the...
Source: The Neurologist - November 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Cardioembolic Stroke: Mechanisms and Therapeutics
Semin Neurol 2017; 37: 326-338 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1603465Cardioembolic stroke accounts for nearly 30% of all known stroke mechanisms. This percentage may be underestimated, however, when considering the large proportion of cryptogenic strokes that likely have a covert cardiac source. Although it is well known that cardioembolic stroke can occur in the setting of atrial fibrillation, other mechanisms such as a systolic heart failure, patent foramen ovale, valvular dysfunction, and aortic arch atheroma are commonly encountered in daily practice. The authors provide an overview on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic e...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - July 31, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Sacchetti, Daniel C. Furie, Karen L. Yaghi, Shadi Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

What is Clinical Efficacy of Transesophageal Echocardiography in Patients With Cryptogenic Stroke?: A Critically Appraised Topic
Conclusions: TEE identifies potential causal sources of embolus in patients with cryptogenic stroke that leads to changes in management and outcomes at least 3% of the time. Other findings, particularly aorta atherosclerosis, are identified much more commonly but the causal link to stroke is uncertain, thus changes in management in these cases is variable and data describing resulting outcomes are lacking.
Source: The Neurologist - December 22, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Critically Appraised Topics Source Type: research

Pulmonary Embolism in Ischemic Stroke.
Abstract Silent pulmonary embolism (PE) may be associated with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We identified 10 patients from 3,132 unique patients (3,431 CT scans). We retrospectively examined CT angiogram of patients with AIS to determine the frequency of concurrent PE in AIS. The period prevalence of PE was 0.32. Seven patients had concurrent PE, whereas three had PE diagnosed 2 days after their AIS presentation. We suspected paradoxical embolism via patent foramen ovale as the cause of stroke in three patients and thrombophilia in four patients. Seven patients had poor outcome including four deaths. CT angiogram ...
Source: The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences - January 28, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Eswaradass PV, Dey S, Singh D, Hill MD Tags: Can J Neurol Sci Source Type: research