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Challenge to the Intestinal Mucosa During Sepsis
Conclusion The impact of sepsis on the gut is manifold, e.g., sepsis mediated alteration of the gut-blood barrier and increase in the intestinal permeability, which may correlate with the phenomena of bacterial translocation and lymphatic activation (“toxic-lymph”). Systemic consequences of sepsis are widespread and concern to the coagulative system, the microbiome as well as enzymes, such as pancreatic proteases, MMPs and IAPs. Nevertheless, the therapeutic approaches for modulating the mucosal immune system are still rarely effective in daily routine. Recent published studies showing that treatment with ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 29, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Stroke Dysbiosis Index (SDI) in Gut Microbiome Are Associated With Brain Injury and Prognosis of Stroke
Conclusions: We developed an index to measure gut microbiota dysbiosis in stroke patients; this index was significantly correlated with patients' outcome and was causally related to outcome in a mouse model of stroke. Our model facilitates the potential clinical application of gut microbiota data in stroke and adds quantitative evidence linking the gut microbiota to stroke. Introduction Ischemic stroke imposes a heavy burden on society, with 24.9 million cases worldwide (1). Although intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatment greatly improve some patients' prognosis, the prognosis for most pa...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Orexin-A Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation at the Level of the Intestinal Barrier
We examined a possible protective effect of OX-A against LPS-induced ROS formation and microglia activation. To mimic in vitro the connection between gut and brain and to study the putative effect on the cortical microglia, we used a co-culture of Caco-2 cells and primary cortical microglia with Caco-2 cells placed at the apical side of a transwell and primary cortical microglia at the basolateral side. All treatments used to study the apical vs. basal connection were applied to the apical compartment. We used DHR (10 μM, 20 min), a cell-permeable fluorogenic probe useful for the detection of ROS formation, to dete...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 9, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Time-series Analysis of Heat Waves and Emergency Department Visits in Atlanta, 1993 to 2012
Conclusions: Heat waves can confer additional risks of ED visits beyond those of daily air temperature, even in a region with high air-conditioning prevalence. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP44 Received: 29 February 2016 Revised: 13 October 2016 Accepted: 24 October 2016 Published: 31 May 2017 Address correspondence to H.H. Chang, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322. Telephone: (404) 712-4627; E-mail: howard.chang@emory.edu Supplemental Material is available online (https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP44). The authors declare they have no actual ...
Source: EHP Research - May 31, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Terrie Young Tags: Research Source Type: research

Hacking The Nervous System
(Photo: © Job Boot) One nerve connects your vital organs, sensing and shaping your health. If we learn to control it, the future of medicine will be electric.When Maria Vrind, a former gymnast from Volendam in the Netherlands, found that the only way she could put her socks on in the morning was to lie on her back with her feet in the air, she had to accept that things had reached a crisis point. “I had become so stiff I couldn’t stand up,” she says. “It was a great shock because I’m such an active person.”It was 1993. Vrind was in her late 40s and working two jobs, athletics coach and a carer for disabled ...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - May 30, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news