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Prevalence of and Changes in Tooth Loss Among Adults Aged ≥50 Years with Selected Chronic Conditions - United States, 1999-2004 and 2011-2016.
Abstract Extensive tooth loss can lead to poor diet resulting in weight loss or obesity (1). It can also detract from physical appearance and impede speech, factors that can restrict social contact, inhibit intimacy, and lower self-esteem (1). Chronic medical conditions and oral conditions share common risk factors (2). Persons with chronic conditions are more likely to have untreated dental disease, which can result in tooth loss. Three measures of tooth loss during 1999-2004 and 2011-2016 were estimated by comparing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for each period among adu...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - May 28, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Parker ML, Thornton-Evans G, Wei L, Griffin SO Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Prevalence of Self-Reported Hypertension and Antihypertensive Medication Use Among Adults - United States, 2017.
Abstract Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke (1). The prevalence of hypertension is higher among men than among women, increases with age, is highest among non-Hispanic blacks (blacks) (2), and has been consistently highest in the Southeastern region of the United States (1). To update prevalence estimates for self-reported hypertension and use of antihypertensive medication, CDC analyzed data from the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The overall (unadjusted) prevalence of self-reported hypertension was 32.4% (95% confidence interval [CI...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - April 9, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Samanic CM, Barbour KE, Liu Y, Fang J, Lu H, Schieb L, Greenlund KJ Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Premenopausal cardiovascular disease and age at natural menopause: a pooled analysis of over 170,000 women
We examined whether premenopausal CVD events are associated with early age at menopause. We pooled the individual data of 177,131 women from nine studies. We used multinomial logistic regression models to estimate multivariable relative risk ratios (RRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between age at onset of premenopausal CVD events —including coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke—and age at natural menopause. Altogether 1561 (0.9%) premenopausal participants reported CVD events (including 1130 CHD and 469 stroke) at a mean age of 41.3 years. Compared with women without any premenopausal CVD ...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - February 5, 2019 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Exposure to Secondhand Smoke Among Nonsmokers - United States, 1988-2014.
Abstract Exposure to secondhand smoke from burning tobacco products can cause sudden infant death syndrome, respiratory infections, ear infections, and asthma attacks in infants and children, and coronary heart disease, stroke, and lung cancer in adult nonsmokers (1). There is no risk-free level of secondhand smoke exposure (2). CDC analyzed questionnaire and laboratory data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to assess patterns of secondhand smoke exposure among U.S. nonsmokers. The prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure among U.S. nonsmokers declined substantially during 1988-2014...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - December 7, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Tsai J, Homa DM, Gentzke AS, Mahoney M, Sharapova SR, Sosnoff CS, Caron KT, Wang L, Melstrom PC, Trivers KF Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Tobacco Product Use Among Adults - United States, 2017.
Abstract Cigarette smoking harms nearly every organ of the body and causes adverse health consequences, including heart disease, stroke, and multiple types of cancer (1). Although cigarette smoking among U.S. adults has declined considerably, tobacco products have evolved in recent years to include various combustible, noncombustible, and electronic products (1,2). To assess recent national estimates of tobacco product use among U.S. adults aged ≥18 years, CDC, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the National Institutes of Health's National Cancer Institute analyzed data from the 2017 National Health Int...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - November 9, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Wang TW, Asman K, Gentzke AS, Cullen KA, Holder-Hayes E, Reyes-Guzman C, Jamal A, Neff L, King BA Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with stabilized coronary heart disease: the EUROASPIRE IV follow-up study
AbstractThe EUROASPIRE surveys (EUROpean Action on Secondary Prevention through Intervention to Reduce Events) demonstrated that most European coronary patients fail to achieve lifestyle, risk factor and therapeutic targets. Here we report on the 2-year incidence of hard cardiovascular (CV) endpoints in the EUROASPIRE IV cohort. EUROASPIRE IV (2012 –2013) was a large cross-sectional study undertaken at 78 centres from selected geographical areas in 24 European countries. Patients were interviewed and examined at least 6 months following hospitalization for a coronary event or procedure. Fatal and non-fatal CV events occ...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - October 23, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Sex Differences in the Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Nonvascular Cognitive Function in Rural, Low-Income Elderly in Tianjin, China
Conclusion: These findings suggest that it is crucial to manage and control hypertension and improve educational attainment in order to reduce the prevalence and burden of nonvascular cognitive impairment among low-income residents, both men and women, in rural China.Neuroepidemiology 2018;51:138 –148
Source: Neuroepidemiology - August 9, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Association of leisure-time physical activity with total and cause-specific mortality: a pooled analysis of nearly a half million adults in the Asia Cohort Consortium
ConclusionsRegular participation in LTPA is associated with reduced mortality in middle-aged and elder Asians regardless pre-existing health conditions.
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - February 27, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Prevalence of Self-Reported Hypertension and Antihypertensive Medication Use Among Adults Aged ≥18 Years - United States, 2011-2015.
Abstract Hypertension, which affects nearly one third of adults in the United States, is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke (1), and only approximately half of those with hypertension have their hypertension under control (2). The prevalence of hypertension is highest among non-Hispanic blacks, whereas the prevalence of antihypertensive medication use is lowest among Hispanics (1). Geographic variations have also been identified: a recent report indicated that the Southern region of the United States had the highest prevalence of hypertension as well as the highest prevalence of medication use (3). U...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - February 23, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Fang J, Gillespie C, Ayala C, Loustalot F Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Sex differences in the relationship between socioeconomic status and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusions Reduction of socioeconomic inequalities in CHD and CVD outcomes might require different approaches for men and women.
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - May 12, 2017 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Backholer, K., Peters, S. A. E., Bots, S. H., Peeters, A., Huxley, R. R., Woodward, M. Tags: SES [amp ] health Source Type: research

Trends in educational inequalities in premature mortality in Belgium between the 1990s and the 2000s: the contribution of specific causes of deaths
Conclusion Absolute inequalities decreased in men while increasing in women; relative inequalities increased in both sexes. The PAFs decomposition revealed that targeting mortality inequalities from lung cancer, IHD, COPD in both sexes, suicide in men and stroke in women would have the largest impact at population level.
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - March 6, 2017 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Renard, F., Gadeyne, S., Devleesschauwer, B., Tafforeau, J., Deboosere, P. Tags: Epidemiologic studies, Mortality and morbidity, Suicide (psychiatry), Health service research, Suicide (public health) Research reports Source Type: research

Announcement: National High Blood Pressure Education Month - May 2016.
Authors: Abstract May is National High Blood Pressure Education Month. High blood pressure (hypertension) is a major contributor to heart disease and stroke, two leading causes of death in the United States.* High blood pressure affects one third of U.S. adults, or approximately 75 million persons, yet approximately 11 million of these persons are not aware they have hypertension, and approximately 18 million are not being treated (unpublished data) (1,2). PMID: 27227822 [PubMed - in process]
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - May 28, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Educational Levels and Risk of Suicide in Japan: The Japan Public Health Center Study (JPHC) Cohort I.
CONCLUSIONS: High educational levels were associated with a reduced risk of suicide for both Japanese men and women. PMID: 27064129 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Epidemiology - April 12, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Tags: J Epidemiol Source Type: research

Prevalence of Healthy Sleep Duration among Adults - United States, 2014.
Abstract To promote optimal health and well-being, adults aged 18-60 years are recommended to sleep at least 7 hours each night (1). Sleeping <7 hours per night is associated with increased risk for obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, stroke, frequent mental distress, and all-cause mortality (2-4). Insufficient sleep impairs cognitive performance, which can increase the likelihood of motor vehicle and other transportation accidents, industrial accidents, medical errors, and loss of work productivity that could affect the wider community (5). CDC analyzed data from the 2014 Behavioral...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - February 20, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Liu Y, Wheaton AG, Chapman DP, Cunningham TJ, Lu H, Croft JB Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Cross-country variation in additive effects of socio-economics, health behaviors, and comorbidities on subjective health of patients with diabetes
Conclusion: Countries show different profiles of social and behavioral determinants of subjective health among patients with diabetes. Our study suggests that universal programs that assume that determinants of well-being are similar across different countries may be over-simplistic. Thus instead of universal programs that use one protocol for health promotion of patients in all countries, locally designed interventions should be implemented in each country.
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 21, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Shervin Assari Source Type: research

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