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Specialty: Hematology
Condition: Heart Attack

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Total 519 results found since Jan 2013.

Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and thrombotic events in dialysis patients
Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) have been associated with a higher cardiovascular event and mortality rate in dialysis patients. The ESA-associated risk of arterial thrombotic events is mainly based on composite endpoints of anemia-correction trials targeting high hemoglobin levels. The ESA-associated risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) has not been studied in dialysis patients yet. We therefore aimed to determine the association between ESA use and dose with ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction (MI) and VTE.
Source: Thrombosis Research - August 1, 2014 Category: Hematology Authors: Marit M. Suttorp, Tiny Hoekstra, Gürbey Ocak, Anouk T.N. van Diepen, Ilka Ott, Moshe Mittelman, Ton J. Rabelink, Raymond T. Krediet, Friedo W. Dekker Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research

Coronary microvascular dysfunction due to essential thrombocythemia and policythemia vera: The missing piece in the puzzle of their increased cardiovascular risk?
Abstract Myeloproliferative neoplasms are most commonly associated with venous thrombosis. Up to 60% of patients experience a thrombotic event in their lifetimes, including stroke or myocardial infarction. It is unclear whether pathogenetic factors linking essential thrombocythaemia (ET) and polycythaemia vera (PV) to thrombotic complications do play a role in the risk of coronary artery disease. We aimed to assess coronary flow reserve (CFR) as a marker of coronary microvascular function in asymptomatic patients with ET and PV. 52 ET (M/F 13/39, age 61 ± 7 years) and 22 PV patients (M/F 13/9, age 60.4 ± 13 years) withou...
Source: American Journal of Hematology - October 29, 2014 Category: Hematology Authors: Fabrizio Vianello, Giuseppe Cella, Elena Osto, Andrea Ballin, Giulia Famoso, Sara Tellatin, Sabino Iliceto, Umberto Cucchini, Graziella Saggiorato, Elisabetta Omenetto, Francesco Tona Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

The role of mast cells in atherosclerosis.
Abstract Rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque is the major underlying cause of adverse cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction or stroke. Therapeutic interventions should therefore be directed towards inhibiting growth of atherosclerotic lesions as well as towards prevention of lesion destabilization. Interestingly, the presence of mast cells has been demonstrated in both murine and human plaques, and multiple interventional murine studies have pointed out a direct role for mast cells in early and late stages of atherosclerosis. Moreover, it has recently been described that activated lesional mast cell...
Source: Hamostaseologie - November 7, 2014 Category: Hematology Authors: Wezel A, Quax PH, Kuiper J, Bot I Tags: Hamostaseologie Source Type: research

Serum NOX2 and urinary isoprostanes predict vascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Abstract There are limited prospective data evaluating the role of urinary F2-IsoP and NOX2 as predictive markers in AF. The aim of this study was to analyse the role of urinary prostaglandin PGF2alpha (8-iso-PGF2α) and NOX2, markers of systemic oxidative stress, in predicting cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality in anticoagulated non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. This was a prospective study including 1,002 anticoagulated AF patients, followed for a median time of 25.7 months (interquartile range: 14.8-50.9). All major CV events, CV deaths and all-cause deaths were considered as primary outcome...
Source: Thrombosis and Haemostasis - November 13, 2014 Category: Hematology Authors: Pignatelli P, Pastori D, Carnevale R, Farcomeni A, Cangemi R, Nocella C, Bartimoccia S, Vicario T, Saliola M, Lip GY, Violi F Tags: Thromb Haemost Source Type: research

Normal Platelet Activation Profile in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease on Aspirin
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a progressive vascular disease associated with a high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and death. Antithrombotic prevention is usually applied by prescribing the antiplatelet agent aspirin. However, in patients with PAD aspirin fails to provide protection against myocardial infarction and death, only reducing the risk of ischemic stroke. Platelets may play a role in disease development, but this has not been tested by proper mechanistic studies. In the present study, we performed a systematic evaluation of platelet reactivity in whole blood from patients with PAD using two high-throughput assays, i.e.
Source: Thrombosis Research - January 5, 2015 Category: Hematology Authors: Johanna P. van Geffen, Marie-Claire Kleinegris, Remco Verdoold, Constance C.F.M.J. Baaten, Judith M.E.M. Cosemans, Kenneth J. Clemetson, Hugo ten Cate, Mark Roest, Bas de Laat, Johan W.M. Heemskerk Tags: Regular article Source Type: research

The use of aspirin for primary and secondary prevention in venous thromboembolism and other cardiovascular disorders
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) includes a number of conditions such as myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, stroke, and venous thromboembolism. CVD is a leading health problem worldwide and a major cause of mortality, morbidity, and disability; it is also associated with high healthcare costs. The incidence of CVD is predicted to increase in the forthcoming years, and thus it is crucial that physicians are aware of the benefits and limitations of the available therapies to ensure patients receive optimized treatment.
Source: Thrombosis Research - December 12, 2014 Category: Hematology Authors: A.T. Cohen, S. Imfeld, J. Markham, S. Granziera Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Peri- and postinterventional antithrombotic therapy in TAVI. Do we need antiplatelet therapy?
Abstract Interventional treatment of aortic valve stenosis by transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become routine practice in elderly and high risk patients in recent years. Similar to other vascular interventional or surgical procedures TAVR carries thrombotic risks such as stroke, myocardial infarction or systemic embolism as well as peri-procedural bleeding risks. These risks comprise the access site, the type of prosthesis, and the individual risk profile of the patient. Not only during the peri-procedural period but also during longterm follow-up the current target population for TAVR procedures ...
Source: Hamostaseologie - January 7, 2015 Category: Hematology Authors: Moser M Tags: Hamostaseologie Source Type: research

MRI, the technology for imaging of thrombi and inflammation.
Abstract Atherosclerosis and its sequelae have a major impact on morbidity and mortality. The rupture of an inflamed atherosclerotic plaque is a crucial event, since it can result in acute thrombotic closure of an arterial vessel, resulting e. g. in myocardial infarction or stroke. Not only detection of early plaque rupture with imminent closure is therefore of clinical interest, but also timely detection of vascular inflammation and atherosclerotic plaque progression. However, plaque inflammation or even plaque rupture without vessel occlusion is not reliably detectable by current imaging techniques. Coronary a...
Source: Hamostaseologie - January 30, 2015 Category: Hematology Authors: von Zur Muhlen C, Bode C Tags: Hamostaseologie Source Type: research

Outcomes of platelet transfusion in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: a retrospective case series study
Abstract Current guidelines advise against the transfusion of platelets in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) except in cases of life-threatening hemorrhage. We conducted a retrospective medical chart review to examine the outcomes of patients with TTP who received platelet transfusion at our institution from September 2002 to September 2012. A search for “thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura” in the discharge summary identified 233 patients, out of which only 15 patients had TTP and received platelet transfusion. Primary outcomes were death due to any cause, myocardial infarction, ischemi...
Source: Annals of Hematology - February 5, 2015 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Transfusion strategies in hematologic and nonhematologic disease.
Authors: Carson JL, Strair R Abstract Substantial progress has been made in our understanding of the risks and benefits of RBC transfusion through the performance of large clinical trials. More than 7000 patients have been enrolled in trials randomly allocating patients to higher transfusion thresholds (∼9-10 g/dL), referred to as liberal transfusion, or lower transfusion thresholds (∼7-8 g/dL), referred to as restrictive transfusion. The results of most of the trials suggest that a restrictive transfusion strategy is safe and, in some cases, superior to a liberal transfusion strategy. However, in patients with...
Source: Hematology ASH Education Program - February 20, 2015 Category: Hematology Tags: Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program Source Type: research

Pharmacogenomics of antiplatelet drugs.
Authors: Sabatine MS, Mega JL Abstract Clopidogrel, a platelet P2Y12 inhibitor, is one of the most widely prescribed drugs in cardiovascular medicine because it reduces ischemic and thrombotic complications. It is a prodrug requiring biotransformation into the active metabolite by the hepatic cytochrome 450 system, especially the CYP2C19 enzyme. Candidate gene studies and genome-wide association studies have identified loss-of-function CYP2C19 variants to be associated with a diminished pharmacologic response. Specifically, compared with noncarriers, carriers of at least one copy of a loss-of-function CYP2C19 allel...
Source: Hematology ASH Education Program - February 20, 2015 Category: Hematology Tags: Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program Source Type: research

Future prospects for contact factors as therapeutic targets.
Authors: Gailani D Abstract Anticoagulants currently used in clinical practice to treat or prevent thromboembolic disease are effective, but place patients at increased risk for serious bleeding because they interfere with plasma enzymes (thrombin and factor Xa) that are essential for hemostasis. In the past 10 years, work with genetically altered mice and studies in baboons and rabbits have demonstrated that the plasma contact proteases factor XI, factor XII, and prekallikrein contribute to the formation of occlusive thrombi despite having limited roles in hemostasis. In the case of factor XI, epidemiologic data f...
Source: Hematology ASH Education Program - February 20, 2015 Category: Hematology Tags: Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program Source Type: research

Current antiplatelet agents: place in therapy and role of genetic testing
Abstract Antiplatelet therapies play a central role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. While aspirin, a cyclo-oxygenase-1 inhibitor has been the cornerstone of antithrombotic treatment for several decades, P2Y12 receptor inhibitors cangrelor, clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor and protease-activated receptor-1 antagonist vorapaxar, have emerged as additional therapies to reduce the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. Recent clinical trials evaluating the role of these agents and major society guideline updates for use of antiplatel...
Source: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - February 21, 2015 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Platelet transfusions in platelet consumptive disorders are associated with arterial thrombosis and in-hospital mortality
This study utilized the Nationwide Inpatient Sample to evaluate the current in-hospital platelet transfusion practices and their association with arterial/venous thrombosis, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), stroke, and in-hospital mortality over 5 years (2007-2011). Age and gender-adjusted odds ratios (adjOR) associated with platelet transfusions were calculated. There were 10 624 hospitalizations with TTP; 6332 with HIT and 79 980 with ITP. Platelet transfusions were reported in 10.1% TTP, 7.1% HIT, and 25.8% ITP admissions. Platelet transfusions in TTP were associated with higher odds of arterial thrombosis (adjOR = 5....
Source: Blood - February 26, 2015 Category: Hematology Authors: Goel, R., Ness, P. M., Takemoto, C. M., Krishnamurti, L., King, K. E., Tobian, A. A. R. Tags: Thrombocytopenia, Transfusion Medicine, Free Research Articles, Platelets and Thrombopoiesis, Clinical Trials and Observations Source Type: research

Safety and effectiveness of a Patient Blood Management Programme in surgical patients – the study design for a multicentre epidemiological non‐inferiority trial by the German PBM network
ConclusionsThis trial will determine whether the implementation of a PBM programme is safe and effective in terms of clinical outcome. Data will be compared to data prior to implementation of PBM in (the same?) 20 Germany hospitals.
Source: ISBT Science Series - April 13, 2015 Category: Hematology Authors: P. Meybohm, D. P. Fischer, E. Herrmann, C. Geisen, M. M. Müller, E. Seifried, A. U. Steinbicker, C. F. Weber, K. D. Zacharowski, Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research