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SOCS and Herpesviruses, With Emphasis on Cytomegalovirus Retinitis
Christine I. Alston1,2 and Richard D. Dix1,2* 1Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States 2Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins provide selective negative feedback to prevent pathogeneses caused by overstimulation of the immune system. Of the eight known SOCS proteins, SOCS1 and SOCS3 are the best studied, and systemic deletion of either gene causes early lethality in mice. Many viruses, including herpesviruses such as herpes simplex virus and cytomega...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 10, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Vitamin D receptor regulates high-level glucose induced retinal ganglion cell damage through STAT3 pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: Inhibition of VDR exerts a protective role in high-level glucose induced RGCs damage by activating the STAT3 pathway. PMID: 30468500 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - November 24, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

TGF- β-induced IOP elevations are mediated by RhoA in the early but not the late fibrotic phase of open angle glaucoma.
Conclusions: We conclude that RhoA signaling mediates the early IOP rise induced by TM cellular changes associated with contractility but not the sustained IOP elevation caused by TM fibrosis. Thus, RhoA therapies offer a clinically relevant opportunity for IOP management, likely through the modulation of TM contractility, but appear to be ineffective in the amelioration of fibrosis. PMID: 30429640 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Molecular Vision - November 16, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Vis Source Type: research

Long non-coding RNA GAS5 contributed to the development of glaucoma via regulating the TGF- β signaling pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: In our study, we found that down-regulation of lncRNA GAS5 may maintain retinal ganglion cell survival in glaucoma through the activation of TGF-β pathway to promote cell proliferation and differentiation. PMID: 29509235 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - March 8, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

snRPN controls the ability of neurons to regenerate axons.
CONCLUSION: These results suggest that coordinated snRPN-driven activities within the neuron-specific ribonucleoprotein complex regulate the regenerative ability of RGCs in primates, thereby highlighting a potential new role for snRPN within neurons and the possibility of novel postinjury therapies. PMID: 29439367 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience - February 15, 2018 Category: Neurology Tags: Restor Neurol Neurosci Source Type: research

Expression, distribution and function of kinin B1 receptor in the rat diabetic retina
Conclusion and ImplicationsThis study supports a detrimental role for kinin B1R on endothelial and glial cells in acute and advanced phases of DR. Topical application of the peptide kinin B1R antagonist R‐954 appears a feasible therapeutic approach in the treatment of DR.
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - December 29, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Soumaya Hachana, Menakshi Bhat, Jacques S énécal, Frédéric Huppé‐Gourgues, Réjean Couture, Elvire Vaucher Tags: RESEARCH PAPER Source Type: research

HSPB8 Promotes the Fusion of Autophagosome and Lysosome during Autophagy in Diabetic Neurons.
Authors: Li XC, Hu QK, Chen L, Liu SY, Su S, Tao H, Zhang LN, Sun T, He LJ Abstract Although autophagy has been proposed to play an emerging role in diabetic neuropathy, autophagy and its possible role remains unclear. Moreover, only few studies about diabetes have explored the autophagy mediated by heat shock protein beta-8 (HSPB8) and Bcl-2 associated athanogene 3 (BAG3). In the present study, we examined the autophagy induced by high glucose levels in an in vivo rat model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ) and an in vitro model of retinal ganglion cell-5 (RGC5) cells under high glucose conditions. In th...
Source: International Journal of Medical Sciences - December 6, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Int J Med Sci Source Type: research

M üller Cell-Derived PEDF Mediates Neuroprotection via STAT3 Activation
Conclusions: M üller cells are an important source of PEDF, which promotes RGC survival through STAT3 activation and, at least in part, via PEDF-R. Enhancing the secretory function of Müller cells may be useful to promote RGC survival in retinal neurodegenerative diseases.Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;44:1411 –1424
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - November 29, 2017 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein induces RGC-5 necroptosis following elevated hydrostatic pressure.
Abstract Receptor-interacting protein 3 (RIP3) is an essential component of the necroptosis signaling pathway. Phosphorylation of its downstream target, mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), has been proposed to induce necroptosis by initiating Ca2+ influx. Our previous studies have shown that RGC-5 retinal ganglion cells undergo RIP3-mediated necroptosis following elevated hydrostatic pressure (EHP). However, the molecular mechanism underlying necroptosis induction downstream of RIP3 is still not well understood. Here, we investigated the effects of MLKL during EHP-induced necroptosis, and primarily ex...
Source: Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica - October 1, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Liao L, Shang L, Li N, Wang S, Wang M, Huang Y, Chen D, Huang J, Xiong K Tags: Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) Source Type: research

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