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Specialty: Cancer & Oncology
Cancer: Colon Cancer

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Total 252 results found since Jan 2013.

Abstract 4690: Next-generation screen for integrative subtyping and target discovery for KRAS-mutant cancer
Mutations in the small GTPase, KRAS, are found in ∼140,000 new cases of cancer every year in the United States. This heterogeneous class of cancers manifests primarily as adenocarcinomas of the lung, colon and pancreas. These cancers display a wide spectrum of KRAS-dependency and differentially activate downstream effector signaling. The tumors further diverge in their array of co-occurring secondary mutations, expression signatures and KRAS mutant allele. Ultimately, the sole trait these cancers share in common is an obstinate resistance to chemo- and targeted-therapies, making identification of effective treatments an ...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yuan, T. L., Bagni, R., Yi, M., Amzallag, A., Afghani, S., Beam, K., Burgan, W., Fer, N., Garvey, L., Smith, B., Waters, A., Stephens, R., Benes, C., McCormick, F. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 4942: Activation of Phosphatase toward the Retinoblastoma protein in breast and colorectal cancer cell spheroids
Excessive phosphorylation of the Retinoblastoma protein is found in most cancer tumor types. Several cyclin dependent kinase (cdk) inhibitors are in development or in clinical trials at the present time. Our previous studies have focused on the regulation of Rb phosphorylation by the phosphatase, PP1. Specificity toward substrates is imparted onto PP1 by many different interacting proteins. In proliferating cells, PP1 is associated with a regulatory protein called PNUTS (Phosphatase Nuclear Targeting Subunit). Our previous experiments have shown that PNUTS inhibits PP1 activity toward specific Rb phosphorylation sites. Fur...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Egger, J., Antonucci, L., Lane, M., Krucher, N. A. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 5547: Anti-proliferative activity of hydnocarpin, a natural lignan, is associated with the inhibition of Wnt/{beta}-catenin signaling pathway via axin turnover in colon cancer cells
Abnormal activation of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway and up-regulation of the β-catenin/T-cell factor (TCF) response to transcriptional signaling play critical roles early in colorectal carcinogenesis. Therefore, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling is considered an attractive target for cancer chemotherapeutic of chemopreventive agents, natural compounds were evaluated for β-catenin-mediated transcriptional activity. Hydnocarpin (HC), a natural lignan from Lonicera japonica was identified as a promising candidate because it effectively inhibited β-catenin/TCF reporter gene (TOPflash) activity. HC also exhibited potent g...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: KIM, W. K., LEE, M. A., PARK, H. J., HONG, J.-Y., KANG, S. S., LEE, S. K. Tags: Cancer Chemistry Source Type: research

Abstract 4104: LIX1L, an EMT-correlated gene that behaves as if it inhibits the EMT
Conclusion: LIX1L gene expression is positively correlated with the expression of non-epithelial or mesenchymal genes in the NCI-60, CCLE and TCGA databases. Up- or down-regulation of LIX1L however seemed to produce the opposite of the expected phenotypic changes. Our findings suggest that LIX1L may be expressed coordinately with genes that favor epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions in cancer cells while having a moderating effect on the transition.Citation Format: Mihoko Yamade, Yves Pommier, Kurt W. Kohn. LIX1L, an EMT-correlated gene that behaves as if it inhibits the EMT. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annua...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yamade, M., Pommier, Y., Kohn, K. W. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 5097: APE1/Ref-1 promotes cell adhesion and migration in cervical cancer cells
In this study, we are the first to report that APE1/Ref-1 activates cell adhesion-related proteins to trigger cell migration. To investigate whether APE1/Ref-1 is involved in cell adhesion in normal fibroblasts, an adhesion assay was performed using GM00637 human fibroblast cell lines stably overexpressing APE1/Ref-1. Cell adhesion to vitronectin, a known ligand of the adhesion molecules integrin ανβ3 and integrin ανβ5, was significantly increased in APE1/Ref-1-overexpressing GM00637 cells compared to control fibroblast cells. FACS analysis showed APE1/Ref-1 induces the expression and activation of adhesion molecules...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kim, M., You, H. J., Kim, D. J. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 5370: The therapeutic strategy using Nek2 siRNA and 5FU for cholangiocarcinoma cell
Conclusion: The therapeutic strategy using Nek2 siRNA and 5FU may be an effective treatment option for cholangiocarcinoma. Further investigation is necessary to clarify the detailed mechanism regulating cell growth and death by a combination of Nek2 siRNA and 5FU.Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting.Citation Format: Toshio Kokuryo, Yukihiro Yokoyama, Junpei Yamaguchi, Masato Nagino. The therapeutic strategy using Nek2 siRNA and 5FU for cholangiocarcinoma cell. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelph...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kokuryo, T., Yokoyama, Y., Yamaguchi, J., Nagino, M. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 4360: Validation of phosphodiesterase 10A as a cancer target
Phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10) is a cAMP and cGMP degrading PDE isozyme that is highly expressed in the brain striatum where it plays an important role in cognition and psychomotor activity. PDE10 inhibitors are being developed for the treatment of schizophrenia and Huntington's disease and are generally well tolerated, likely because of low expression levels in peripheral tissues. We recently reported high levels of PDE10 in tumors and that genetic silencing by siRNA inhibits tumor cell growth with a high degree of selectivity over normal cells (Li et al., Oncogene 2014). These observations suggest that PDE10 may have an u...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lee, K., Li, N., Chen, X., Zhu, B., Yet, L., Madeira da Silva, L., Russo, S., Keeton, A. B., Boyd, M. R., Piazza, G. A. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 4372: Phosphodiesterase 10A inhibition suppresses lung tumor cell growth by activating PKG to inhibit ras and Wnt signaling
We recently reported that phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10) is overexpressed in colon tumors and essential for colon tumor cell growth (Li et al., Oncogene 2014), but a role in lung cancer has not been well studied. Human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines were found to express appreciably higher PDE10 levels compared with normal airway epithelial cells, while silencing of PDE10 expression with siRNA or inhibition of PDE10 activity with small molecule inhibitors selectively inhibits NSCLC cell growth. Here we study the mechanism by which PDE10 inhibitors suppress NSCLC cell growth. At concentrations effective for in...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zhu, B., Lee, K., Canzoneri, J., Ramirez-Alcantara, V., Sigler, S., Gary, B., Butler, E., Keeton, A., Chen, X., Boyd, M., Piazza, G. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 5424: Therapeutic targeting of KRAS mutation-driven tumor progression in colorectal cancer
KRAS is the most frequently altered gene in colorectal cancer (CRC), with mutations occurring in 30-40% of colorectal cancer. Although KRAS mutation is associated with poor prognosis and resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy, the mechanism by which it promotes tumor metastasis remains undefined. Our study explored a new hypothesis that targeting the Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1)-insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) signaling axis which is downstream of KRAS, with a novel integrin-linked kinase inhibitor, T315, represents a therapeutically relevant strategy to block KRAS mutation-driven tumo...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wu, C., Lin, P.-C., Chu, P.-C., Chuang, H.-C., Kulp, S., Bekaii-Saab, T., Chen, C.-S. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Extracellular vesicle-mediated phenotype switching in malignant and non-malignant colon cells
Conclusions: Evidence of EV-mediated induction of malignant phenotype, and reversal of malignant phenotype, provides rational basis for further study of the role of EVs in tumorigenesis. Identification of 14-3-3 zeta/delta as up-regulated in malignancy suggests its potential as a putative drug target for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Source: BMC Cancer - August 1, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hillary MulveyAudrey ChangJason AdlerMichael Del TattoKimberly PerezPeter QuesenberryDevasis Chatterjee Source Type: research

FGF‐1/‐3/FGFR4 signalling in cancer‐associated fibroblasts promotes tumor progression in colon cancer through Erk and MMP‐7
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Cancer Science - July 1, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yu‐Pan Bai, Kun Shang, Huan Chen, Fei Ding, Zhen Wang, Chen Liang, Ye Xu, Meng‐Hong Sun, Ying‐Yi Li Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

BMP-2 induces motility and invasiveness by promoting colon cancer stemness through STAT3 activation
Abstract Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been involved in metastatic progression and tumorigenesis of many cancer types. However, it remains unclear how BMP-2 contributes to the initiation and development of these cancers. Here, we investigated the role of BMP-2 in colon cancer stem cell (CSC) development from colon cancer cells. We also determined the effects of BMP-2 on CSC development and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human colon cancer cell lines HCT-116 and SW620. We found that BMP-2 enhanced sphere formation of colon cancer cells without serum. Also, BMP-2-induced spheres displayed up-re...
Source: Tumor Biology - June 30, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

NOX1 to NOX2 switch deactivates AMPK and induces invasive phenotype in colon cancer cells through overexpression of MMP-7
Conclusions: Molecular switch from NOX1 to NOX2 in colon cancer cells induces ROS production and subsequently enhances MMP-7 expression by deactivating AMPK, which otherwise inhibits stimulus-induced autoregulation of ROS and NOX2 gene expression.
Source: Molecular Cancer - June 27, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Suhrid BanskotaSushil RegmiJung-Ae Kim Source Type: research

ARMc8 indicates aggressive colon cancers and promotes invasiveness and migration of colon cancer cells
In this study, we used immunohistochemical staining to measure ARMc8 expression in 206 cases of colon cancer and matched adjacent normal colon tissue. Clinically important behaviors of cells, including invasiveness and migration, were evaluated after upregulation of ARMc8 expression in HT29 cells through gene transfection or downregulation of expression in LoVo cells using RNAi. We found that ARMc8 was primarily located in the membrane and cytoplasm of tumor cells, and its expression level was significantly higher in colon cancer in comparison to that in the adjacent normal colon tissues (p < 0.001). ARMc8 expressio...
Source: Tumor Biology - June 18, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Regulates the Expression of the Ammonium Permease Gene RHBG in Human Cancer Cells.
Abstract Ammonium is a metabolic waste product mainly detoxified by the liver. Hepatic dysfunction can lead to cytotoxic accumulation of circulating ammonium and to subsequent encephalopathy. Transmembrane ammonium transport is a widely spread process ensured by the highly conserved proteins of the Mep-Amt-Rh superfamily, including the mammalian Rhesus (Rh) factors. The regulatory mechanisms involved in the control of RH genes expression remain poorly studied. Here we addressed the expression regulation of one of these factors, RHBG. We identify HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells and SW480 colon adenocarcinoma c...
Source: Cancer Control - June 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Merhi A, De Mees C, Abdo R, Victoria Alberola J, Marini AM Tags: PLoS One Source Type: research