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The interaction between intestinal microenvironment and stroke
CONCLUSION: The structure and function of the intestinal environment can influence neurological function and cerebral ischemic outcome. Improving the intestinal microenvironment by targeting the gut microbiota may be a new direction in treating stroke.PMID:37309254 | DOI:10.1111/cns.14275
Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - June 13, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Linna Zhao Jie Xiao Songlin Li Yuying Guo Rong Fu Shengyu Hua Yuzheng Du Shixin Xu Source Type: research

Transgenic animal models to explore and modulate the blood brain and blood retinal barriers of the CNS
AbstractThe unique environment of the brain and retina is tightly regulated by blood –brain barrier and the blood-retinal barrier, respectively, to ensure proper neuronal function. Endothelial cells within these tissues possess distinct properties that allow for controlled passage of solutes and fluids. Pericytes, glia cells and neurons signal to endothelial cells (ECs) to form an d maintain the barriers and control blood flow, helping to create the neurovascular unit. This barrier is lost in a wide range of diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) and retina such as brain tumors, stroke, dementia, and in the ...
Source: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS - November 1, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Characterization of Astrocytes in the Minocycline-Administered Mouse Photothrombotic Ischemic Stroke Model
In this study, we used a mouse photothrombotic ischemic stroke model to examine the characteristics of astrocytes after the administration of minocycline during ischemic stroke. Minocycline increased astrocyte reactivity and affected the localization of astrocytes in the penumbra region. Molecular characterization revealed that the induced expression of mRNA encoding the fatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7) by photothrombosis was enhanced by the minocycline administration. Meanwhile, minocycline did not significantly affect the phenotype or class of astrocytes. The expression of Fabp7 mRNA was well correlated with that of ...
Source: Neurochemical Research - July 30, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mari Kondo Haruka Okazaki Kei Nakayama Hirofumi Hohjoh Kimie Nakagawa Eri Segi-Nishida Hiroshi Hasegawa Source Type: research

Long non-coding RNA H19 promotes leukocyte inflammation in ischemic stroke by targeting the miR-29b/C1QTNF6 axis
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm that H19 promotes leukocyte inflammation by targeting the miR-29b/C1QTNF6 axis in cerebral ischemic injury.PMID:35322553 | DOI:10.1111/cns.13829
Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - March 24, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Guangwen Li Xiaoqing Ma Haiping Zhao Junfen Fan Tianwei Liu Yumin Luo Yunliang Guo Source Type: research

Ferroptosis: an emerging therapeutic target in stroke
AbstractStroke is a disastrous neurological disease with high morbidity and mortality. The mechanism of the pathological process is extremely complicated and unclear. Although many basic studies have confirmed some molecular mechanism of brain injury after stroke, these studies cannot effectively translate into treatment and clinical application. Ferroptosis is a form of cell death that is distinct from necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy morphologically and biochemically, and is characterized by iron‐dependent accumulation of lipid peroxides. Despite ferroptosis being first identified in cancer cells, it was recently ...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - March 18, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Yibo Liu, Yuanjian Fang, Zeyu Zhang, Yujie Luo, Anke Zhang, Cameron Lenahan, Sheng Chen Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research

Effects of Diclofenac Versus Meloxicam in Pentylenetetrazol-Kindled Mice.
Abstract Epilepsy comes after stroke as the most common chronic neurological disorder worldwide. Inflammation enhances neuronal hyperexcitability that could provide a background setting for the development of epilepsy. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of valproate (VAL), diclofenac (DIC), meloxicam (MEL), VAL + MEL and VAL + DIC in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) kindled mice. Seventy mice were randomly allocated into 7 equal groups; Control, PTZ, VAL, DIC, MEL, VAL + MEL and VAL + DIC groups. Kindling was induced by PTZ (40 mg/kg, i.p.) injection every other day for 17 days. The drugs were...
Source: Neurochemical Research - May 12, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Elgarhi R, Shehata MM, Abdelsameea AA, Salem AE Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Companion animal models of neurological disease
Publication date: Available online 13 November 2019Source: Journal of Neuroscience MethodsAuthor(s): Brittanie Partridge, John H. RossmeislAbstractClinical translation of novel therapeutics that improve the survival and quality of life of patients with neurological disease remains a challenge, with many investigational drug and device candidates failing in advanced stage clinical trials. Naturally occurring inherited and acquired neurological diseases, such as epilepsy, inborn errors of metabolism, brain tumors, spinal cord injury, and stroke occur frequently in companion animals, and many of these share epidemiologic, pat...
Source: Journal of Neuroscience Methods - November 15, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) and Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II: An abundant peptide neurotransmitter-enzyme system with multiple clinical applications
Publication date: Available online 12 November 2019Source: Progress in NeurobiologyAuthor(s): Joseph H. Neale, Tatsuo YamamotoAbstractN-Acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) is the third most prevalent neurotransmitter in the mammalian nervous system, yet its therapeutic potential is only now being fully recognized. Drugs that inhibit the inactivation of NAAG by glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) increase its extracellular concentration and its activation of its receptor, mGluR3. These drugs warrant attention, as they are effective in animal models of several clinical disorders including stroke, traumatic brain injury and schi...
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - November 13, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

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