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TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2 Mediate TRAIL-Dependent Apoptosis in Activated Primary Human B Lymphocytes
In conclusion, this study provides a systematic analysis of the expression of TRAIL-Rs in human primary B cells and of their capacity to signal and induce apoptosis. This dataset forms a basis to further study and understand the dysregulation of TRAIL-Rs and TRAIL expression observed in autoimmune diseases. Additionally, it will be important to foresee potential bystander immunomodulation when TRAIL-R agonists are used in cancer treatment. Introduction The homeostasis of humoral immunity requires a tight control of generation, survival, activation and maturation of B lymphocytes. Therefore, pro-survival and pro-apo...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 29, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Incidence and Outcome of Invasive Fungal Diseases in Children With Hematological Malignancies and/or Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Results of a Prospective Multicenter Study
Conclusion: This prospective multicenter study provides information on the current incidence and outcome of IFD in the real life setting. Practice variation between the centers may help to ultimately improve antifungal management in children at highest risk for IFDs. Introduction Available data on the incidence and outcome of invasive fungal diseases (IFD) in children treated for a hematological malignancy or undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are mostly based on single site, retrospective studies or on studies performed prior to the availability of newer compounds such as broad-sp...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

A Systematic Review on Predisposition to Lymphoid (B and T cell) Neoplasias in Patients With Primary Immunodeficiencies and Immune Dysregulatory Disorders (Inborn Errors of Immunity)
Conclusions Though this is not a comprehensive summary of malignancies in PIDDs, or even lymphoproliferative disease in this area, this review summarizes the Medline-indexed published reports of B and T lymphomas in patients with PIDDs. This report highlights the diversity of malignant lymphoproliferative disorders in setting of PIDDs, and its associated challenges of diagnosis and treatment. The pathological classification and nomenclature for the lymphoid malignancies with variably reported and postulated underlying mechanisms were inconsistent and inadequate for many of these published reports. A wide range of treatmen...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Beyond CAR T Cells: Other Cell-Based Immunotherapeutic Strategies Against Cancer
Conclusions: CAR T cell therapies have demonstrated the clinical benefits of harnessing our body's own defenses to combat tumor cells. Similar research is being conducted on lesser known modifications and gene-modified immune cells, which we highlight in this review. Introduction Chimeric antigen receptors and engineered T cell receptors (based on previously identified high affinity T cell receptors) function by redirecting T cells to a predefined tumor-specific (or tumor-associated) target. Most of these modifications use retroviral or lentiviral vectors to integrate the construct, and most of the receptors ...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 9, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Autoimmune diseases in Adult Life after Childhood Cancer in Scandinavia (ALiCCS)
Conclusions Childhood cancer survivors are at increased risk for certain types of autoimmune diseases. These findings underscore the need for prolonged follow-up of these survivors.
Source: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases - August 9, 2016 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Holmqvist, A. S., Olsen, J. H., Mellemkjaer, L., Garwicz, S., Hjorth, L., Moëll, C., Mansson, B., Tryggvadottir, L., Hasle, H., Winther, J. F., on behalf of the ALiCCS study group Tags: Press releases, Immunology (including allergy), Renal medicine, Vascularitis, Health economics Clinical and epidemiological research Source Type: research

Cns relapse of nhl masquerading as miller fisher syndrome
A 60 year old man with previous history of NHL (Non Hodgkin Lymphoma) presented with progressive dysphagia and dysarthria over two weeks.He had bilateral lower motor neuron facial weakness, diplopia on lateral gaze and nystagmus on examination. Working diagnosis was Miller Fisher syndrome and he was commenced on intravenous immunoglobulins. Subsequently he developed shortness of breath due to inability to maintain airway secondary to bulbar dysfunction. Review of MRI brain revealed enhancement of basal meninges with contrast suggestive of entrapment of cranial nerves. CSF showed 760 lymphocytes and elevated protein at 1.2 ...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 14, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Dharia, S., Harrower, T. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Brain stem / cerebellum, Cranial nerves, Multiple sclerosis, Neuromuscular disease, Peripheral nerve disease, Ophthalmology, Radiology, Radiology (diagnostics) Thur 21, Parallel session 5: Therapeutics Source Type: research

North Texas Fracking Zone Sees Growing Health Worries
This story was published by The Center for Public Integrity, a nonprofit, nonpartisan investigative news organization in Washington, D.C. DALLAS—Propped up on a hospital bed, Taylor Ishee listened as his mother shared a conviction that choked her up. His rare cancer had a cause, she believes, and it wasn’t genetics. Others in Texas have drawn the same conclusions about their confounding illnesses. Jana DeGrand, who suffered a heart attack and needed both her gallbladder and her appendix removed. Rebecca Williams, fighting off unexplained rashes, sharp headaches and repeated bouts of pneumonia. Maile Bush, who needed ...
Source: Science - The Huffington Post - December 11, 2014 Category: Science Source Type: news

A rare cause of the cavernous sinus syndrome and an old clinical lesson relearnt
Discussion Our case proved to be due to a rare cause, but it illustrates the importance of reviewing "normal" imaging when there is a strong clinical suspicion of a structural abnormality. Cavernous syndrome can be the presentation of haematological malignancy or other metastatic disease. Figure 1 (Left): CT head with contrast Figure 2 (Right): MRI head with gadolinium.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Ng, Y. S., Davenport, R., Broom, A. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Cranial nerves, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Ophthalmology, Radiology, Surgical diagnostic tests, Radiology (diagnostics) Association of British Neurologists (ABN) joint meeting with the Royal College of Physicians (RCP) Source Type: research

A cjd mimic; 'feeding ice-cream to her cats'
Conclusions Primary CNS lymphoma is a rare cause of cognitive decline and most commonly affects individuals who are immunosuppressed, however in immunocompetent individuals, increasing age is a major risk factor. In the elderly most cases are diffuse large B–cell lymphoma which can present with a vast array of symptoms; seizures, neuropsychiatric symptoms, altered mental state, focal neurological deficits and systemic symptoms of weight loss, fever and night sweats. Neuroimaging is often highly variable and may differ between those who are immunocompetent or immunosuppressed. Ultimately, the gold–standard test ...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Shute, C., Johnston, A., Neal, J., Smith, P. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Dementia, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Epilepsy and seizures, Infection (neurology), Variant Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease, Neuropathology, Memory disorders (psychiatry), Radiology, Surgical diagnostic tests, Radiology (diagnos Source Type: research

Inhibitors of BTK and ITK: state of the new drugs for cancer, autoimmunity and inflammatory diseases
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology - May 14, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Leonardo Vargas, Abdulrahman Hamasy, Beston F. Nore, C. I.Edvard Smith Tags: Review Source Type: research