Chiral-induced spin selectivity enables a room-temperature spin light-emitting diode
In traditional optoelectronic approaches, control over spin, charge, and light requires the use of both electrical and magnetic fields. In a spin-polarized light-emitting diode (spin-LED), charges are injected, and circularly polarized light is emitted from spin-polarized carrier pairs. Typically, the injection of carriers occurs with the application of an electric field, whereas spin polarization can be achieved using an applied magnetic field or polarized ferromagnetic contacts. We used chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) to produce spin-polarized carriers and demonstrate a spin-LED that operates at room temperature w...
Source: ScienceNOW - March 11, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Kim, Y.-H., Zhai, Y., Lu, H., Pan, X., Xiao, C., Gaulding, E. A., Harvey, S. P., Berry, J. J., Vardeny, Z. V., Luther, J. M., Beard, M. C. Tags: Chemistry, Materials Science reports Source Type: news
Polarization hits a bull's-eye
(Source: ScienceNOW)
Source: ScienceNOW - March 4, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Grocholski, B. Tags: Materials Science twis Source Type: news
A two-stage lightweighting
(Source: ScienceNOW)
Source: ScienceNOW - March 4, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Grocholski, B. Tags: Materials Science twis Source Type: news
Whirls and swirls of polarization
(Source: ScienceNOW)
Source: ScienceNOW - March 4, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Martin, L. W. Tags: Materials Science perspective Source Type: news
Scaling behavior of stiffness and strength of hierarchical network nanomaterials
Structural hierarchy can enhance the mechanical behavior of materials and systems. This is exemplified by the fracture toughness of nacre or enamel in nature and by human-made architected microscale network structures. Nanoscale structuring promises further strengthening, yet macroscopic bodies built this way contain an immense number of struts, calling for scalable preparation schemes. In this work, we demonstrated macroscopic hierarchical network nanomaterials made by the self-organization processes of dealloying. Their hierarchical architecture affords enhanced strength and stiffness at a given solid fraction, and it en...
Source: ScienceNOW - March 4, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Shi, S., Li, Y., Ngo-Dinh, B.-N., Markmann, J., Weissmüller, J. Tags: Materials Science r-articles Source Type: news
Toroidal polar topology in strained ferroelectric polymer
We report toroidal topological texture self-organized in a ferroelectric polymer, poly(vinylidene fluoride-ran-trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)], that exhibits concentric topology with anticoupled chiral domains. The interplay among the elastic, electric, and gradient energies results in continuous rotation and toroidal assembly of the polarization perpendicular to polymer chains, whereas relaxor behavior is induced along polymer chains. Such toroidal polar topology gives rise to periodic absorption of polarized far-infrared (FIR) waves, enabling the manipulation of the terahertz wave on a mesoscopic scale. Our observations...
Source: ScienceNOW - March 4, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Guo, M., Guo, C., Han, J., Chen, S., He, S., Tang, T., Li, Q., Strzalka, J., Ma, J., Yi, D., Wang, K., Xu, B., Gao, P., Huang, H., Chen, L.-Q., Zhang, S., Lin, Y.-H., Nan, C.-W., Shen, Y. Tags: Materials Science reports Source Type: news
New study proposes a low cost, high efficiency mask design
(Oxford University Press USA) A new paper in Oxford Open Materials Science, published by Oxford University Press, presents low cost modifications to existing N95 masks that prolongs their effectiveness and improves their re-usability post disinfectants. (Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases)
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - March 2, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news
A materials science approach to combating coronavirus
(Tokyo Institute of Technology) Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology working in collaboration with colleagues at the Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology and Nara Medical University in Japan have succeeded in preparing a material called cerium molybdate (γ-Ce2Mo3O13 or CMO), which exhibits high antiviral activity against coronavirus. (Source: EurekAlert! - Biology)
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - March 2, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Improving durability of dental structures
(Charit é - Universit ä tsmedizin Berlin) How can dental restorations - such as fillings and crowns - be made to last longer? A new research group centered at Charit é - Universit ä tsmedizin Berlin and Technische Universit ä t (TU) Berlin plans to address this topic by utilizing approaches from both materials science and dentistry. The aim is to gain a better understanding of the composition and structure of the material-tissue interfaces and the stresses exerted on them. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - February 26, 2021 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news
Comment on "Resolving spatial and energetic distributions of trap states in metal halide perovskite solar cells"
Ni et al. (Research Articles, 20 March 2020, p. 1352) report bulk trap densities of 1011 cm–3 and an increase in interfacial trap densities by one to four orders of magnitude from drive-level capacitance profiling of lead halide perovskites. From electrostatic arguments, we show that the results are not trap densities but are a consequence of the geometrical capacitance and charge injection into the perovskite layer. (Source: ScienceNOW)
Source: ScienceNOW - February 25, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Ravishankar, S., Unold, T., Kirchartz, T. Tags: Physics, Applied, Materials Science t-comment Source Type: news
Distorted thermal properties
(Source: ScienceNOW)
Source: ScienceNOW - February 18, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Grocholski, B. Tags: Physics, Applied, Materials Science twis Source Type: news
Orienting origami binding
(Source: ScienceNOW)
Source: ScienceNOW - February 18, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Szuromi, P. Tags: Physics, Applied, Materials Science twis Source Type: news
High-entropy-stabilized chalcogenides with high thermoelectric performance
Thermoelectric technology generates electricity from waste heat, but one bottleneck for wider use is the performance of thermoelectric materials. Manipulating the configurational entropy of a material by introducing different atomic species can tune phase composition and extend the performance optimization space. We enhanced the figure of merit (zT) value to 1.8 at 900 kelvin in an n-type PbSe-based high-entropy material formed by entropy-driven structural stabilization. The largely distorted lattices in this high-entropy system caused unusual shear strains, which provided strong phonon scattering to largely lower lattice ...
Source: ScienceNOW - February 18, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Jiang, B., Yu, Y., Cui, J., Liu, X., Xie, L., Liao, J., Zhang, Q., Huang, Y., Ning, S., Jia, B., Zhu, B., Bai, S., Chen, L., Pennycook, S. J., He, J. Tags: Physics, Applied, Materials Science reports Source Type: news
Absolute and arbitrary orientation of single-molecule shapes
We present a DNA origami molecule whose energy landscape on lithographic binding sites has a unique maximum. This property enabled device alignment within 3.2° on silica surfaces. Orientation was absolute (all degrees of freedom were specified) and arbitrary (the orientation of every molecule was independently specified). The use of orientation to optimize device performance was shown by aligning fluorescent emission dipoles within microfabricated optical cavities. Large-scale integration was demonstrated with an array of 3456 DNA origami with 12 distinct orientations that indicated the polarization of excitation light...
Source: ScienceNOW - February 18, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Gopinath, A., Thachuk, C., Mitskovets, A., Atwater, H. A., Kirkpatrick, D., Rothemund, P. W. K. Tags: Physics, Applied, Materials Science, Online Only r-articles Source Type: news
Clemson embarks on new era as member of Battelle Savannah River Alliance to manage SRNL
(Clemson University) As a member of the BSRA team, Clemson experts will provide technical support on environmental remediation, waste management, materials science, computational modeling, advanced manufacturing, cybersecurity and numerous other research topics. (Source: EurekAlert! - Biology)
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - February 16, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: news
