Prognostic value and clinicopathological roles of the tumor immune microenvironment in salivary duct carcinoma
We examined the immunohistochemical expression of CD8, FOXP3, PD1, PD-L1, CTLA4, LAG3, and mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and microsatellite instability (MSI) status in 175 cases of SDC. The associations between these TIME-related markers and the clinicopathological factors and prognosis were evaluated. An elevated expression of CD8, FOXP3, PD1, CTLA4, and LAG3 was associated with more aggressive histological features and an advanced N and/or M classification, elevated Ki-67 index, and poor prognosis. Furthermore, cases with a high PD-L1 expression exhibited more aggressive histologi...
Source: Virchows Archiv - July 19, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Uterine leiomyoma with RAD51B::NUDT3 fusion: a report of 2 cases
AbstractThree main uterine leiomyoma molecular subtypes include tumors withMED12 mutation, molecular aberrations leading to HMGA2 overexpression, and biallelic loss of FH. These aberrations are mutually exclusive and can be found in approximately 80 –90% of uterine leiomyoma, in which they seem to be a driver event. Approximately 10% of uterine leiomyoma, however, does not belong to any of these categories. Uterine leiomyoma with HMGA2 overexpression is the most common subtype in cellular and second most common category of usual leiomyoma. In some of these tumors, rearrangement ofHMGA2 gene is present. The most common fu...
Source: Virchows Archiv - July 19, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Programmed death-ligand 1 and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) – low TIL density may predict poorer long-term prognosis in T1 laryngeal cancer
In conclusion, in patients treated for T1 glottic LSCC, low stromal TIL density was associated with local recurrences and new primary tumors of the larynx. High PD-L1 expression with low stromal TIL density may be associated with worse survival in T1 glottic LSCC. (Source: Virchows Archiv)
Source: Virchows Archiv - July 18, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
MYCN amplification, TERT rearrangements and ATRX mutations in neuroblastoma: clinicopathological correlates- an Indian perspective
ConclusionsOur results provide data indicating poor clinical outcome in NB carryingMYCN amplification andTERT-mRNA upregulation. (Source: Virchows Archiv)
Source: Virchows Archiv - July 17, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Evaluation of high-risk human papillomavirus in sinonasal papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas
AbstractThe sinonasal tract is considered a second hotspot for human papillomavirus (HPV)-related tumors in the head and neck, with HPV being identified in up to 62% of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and 38% of papillomas. There is limited data from geographical regions with low prevalence of high-risk (HR)-HPV on the association of HR-HPV in sinonasal neoplasms and on utility of p16 as a surrogate marker. p16 immunohistochemistry, HR-HPV mRNA ISH and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) were performed on a retrospective cohort of sinonasal papillomas and SCCs.KRAS mutation analysis was done in oncocytic papillomas. p16 ...
Source: Virchows Archiv - July 15, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Elucidation of the mechanism of amyloid A and transthyretin formation using mass spectrometry-based absolute quantification
In this study, the process of transthyretin from an 'early fibril state' consisting of full-length ATTR to a 'mature ATTR amyloid fibril' with a truncated low-amyloidogenic segment has been mathemat ically revealed. The amount of full-length ATTR was nine times higher than in mature fibers. Large cohort studies using MS-QBIC may shed light on the clinical significance of amyloid fibrils. (Source: Virchows Archiv)
Source: Virchows Archiv - July 15, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Placental fetal vascular malperfusion in congenital diaphragmatic hernia
AbstractThe success of in-utero or intrapartum treatment for congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) can be impacted by poor placental function; however, this relationship has not yet been studied. To analyze placental histomorphology in CDH, the frequencies of 24 independent clinical and 48 placental phenotypes were compared. Slides from 103 CDH placentas (group 1) and 133 clinical umbilical cord (UC) compromise/anatomical UC abnormality placentas without CDH (group 2) were subjected to hematoxylin/eosin staining and CD34 immunostaining and then examined. CD34 immunostaining was performed to identify clustered distal villi ...
Source: Virchows Archiv - July 13, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Peritoneal papillary mesothelioma in situ: BAP1 mutation with indolent behavior for 15 years
We describe the 15-year long course of a PMIS in an adult male in which inactivating mutations ofBAP1, encoding BRCA1 associated protein 1 (BAP1), were identified. Tumor samples were obtained on 2 occasions more than 8y apart. In both samples, the tumor cells were bland, with occasional focal infiltration into the stalks of larger papillary lesions. However, no invasion into subserosal adipose tissue was identified. In both samples the tumor cells did not express nuclear BAP1. Comprehensive genomic analysis of the initial tumor sample revealed a somatic inactivating mutation inBAP1 (predicted effect, Y223*) and a somatic v...
Source: Virchows Archiv - July 10, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
High-grade non-intestinal type sinonasal adenocarcinoma with ETV6::NTRK3 fusion, distinct from secretory carcinoma by immunoprofile and morphology
We report 2 cases of high-grade sinonasal adenocarcinoma with a distinct morphological and immunohistochemical phenotype. Albeit histologically different from secretory carcinoma of the salivary glands, both tumors presented here share anETV6::NTRK3 fusion. The highly cellular tumors were composed of solid and dense cribriform nests, often with comedo-like necroses in the center, and minor areas with papillary, microcystic, and trabecular formations without secretions, mostly located at the periphery of the lesion. The cells displayed high-grade features, with enlarged, crowded, and often vesicular nuclei with conspicuous ...
Source: Virchows Archiv - July 6, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Reliability of whole mount radical prostatectomy histopathology as the ground truth for artificial intelligence assisted prostate imaging
This study proposes a comprehensive protocol for the annotation of prostatectomy pathology slides. To evalu ate the reliability of the protocol, interobserver variability was assessed between five pathologists, who annotated ten radical prostatectomy specimens consisting of 74 whole mount pathology slides. Interobserver variability was assessed for both the localization and grading of PCa. The results ind icate excellent overall agreement on the localization of PCa (Gleason pattern ≥ 3) and clinically significant PCa (Gleason pattern ≥ 4), with Dice similarity coefficients (DSC) of 0.91 and 0.88, respectively. On a per...
Source: Virchows Archiv - July 6, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Renal neuroendocrine tumors: clinical and molecular pathology with an emphasis on frequent association with ectopic Cushing syndrome
This study aims to improve our understanding of the RenNETs with emphasis of functional, hormonal, and genetic features. Surgically resected RenNETs (N = 13) were retrieved, and immunohistochemistry and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were performed in all cases. In addition, all published RenNETs were systematically reviewed. Our cohort (4 men and 9 women, mean age 42, mean tumor size 7.6 cm) included 2 patients with Cushing syndrome (CS). WHO grade (23% G1, 54% G2, and 23% G3) and tumor progression did not correlate. CS-associated RenNETs (CS-RenNETs) showed a solid and eosinophilic histology and stained for ACTH, ...
Source: Virchows Archiv - July 5, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Bringing pathology to nanomedicine: a comparison of in vivo toxicity of polymeric nanoparticle carriers with and without chitosan coating
In this study, we compared the in vivo toxicity effects of poly- (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles with and without chitosan shell. Both nanoparticle types were loaded with curcumin. The nanoparticles were assessed in vitro for potential cytotoxicity with cell viability studies. For the in vivo test, 36 adult Wistar rats were used, four of which were the control group. The remaining 32 were divided into 2 groups, each of which was administered differentially coated drug carriers: (A) nanoparticles without chitosan coating and (B) nanoparticles with chitosan coating. For both groups, the subcutaneous route was used fo...
Source: Virchows Archiv - July 4, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Branchioma with a nested/organoid morphology: molecular profiling of a distinctive potentially misleading variant and reappraisal of potential relationship to CD34-positive/Rb1-deficient tumors of the neck
AbstractBranchioma (previously called ectopic hamartomatous thymoma, branchial anlage mixed tumor, or thymic anlage tumor) is a rare lower neck lesion with an adult male predominance and an uncertain histogenesis. Except for 4 cases, all branchiomas described in the literature were benign. Recently,HRAS mutation was detected in one case, but still little is known about the molecular genetic background of this rare entity. We herein report the histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic analysis of a branchioma with a nested/organoid (neuroendocrine-like) morphology in a 78-year-old man. Histology revealed clas...
Source: Virchows Archiv - July 4, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Mature cystic teratoma of the ovary with malignant transformation of tall cell subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma
We present a unique case of a 31-year-old female patient who presented with a left ovarian cyst and underwent conservative surgical management in the form of cystectomy. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a tall cell subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma arising from a small focus of thyroid tissue in a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary. The patient was followed up for 60 months with an uneventful clinical course. For a better understanding of such rare cancers, collaborative retrospective studies on large databases with other medical centers are required. (Source: Virchows Archiv)
Source: Virchows Archiv - July 3, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
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(Source: Virchows Archiv)
Source: Virchows Archiv - July 1, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
