Mixed mucinous adenocarcinoma/large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the uterine cervix: case report and molecular characterization of a rare entity
AbstractMixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine carcinomas of the cervix are rare and generally aggressive diseases. They often present at an advanced stage with hematogenous or lymphatic metastases. The prognosis is poor, mostly influenced by the neuroendocrine component. Unfortunately, the rarity of the disease caused a lack of information about its pathogenesis and molecular landscape. The latest guidelines recommend a multimodal approach that usually includes radical surgery, platinum/etoposide-based chemotherapy, or chemoradiation. Here, we are presenting a case of metastatic mixed adenocarcinoma-large cell neuroendoc...
Source: Virchows Archiv - March 29, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Diagnostic value of MDM2 RNA in situ hybridization for low-grade osteosarcoma: Consistency comparison of RNA in situ hybridization, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry
In conclusion,MDM2 RNA-ISH has great value for the diagnosis of LGOS, with excellent consistency with FISH and better sensitivity than IHC. Acid decalcification still has an adverse impact on RNA. SomeMDM2-nonamplified tumors may show positivity forMDM2 RNA-ISH, which needs to be analyzed comprehensively in combination with clinicopathological features. (Source: Virchows Archiv)
Source: Virchows Archiv - March 28, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Cutaneous arteritis with intimal fibrin ring and immature myeloid cell infiltrate: lymphocytic thrombophilic arteritis or histiocytoid polyarteritis nodosa?
In this study, we analyzed the nature of infiltrating cells in LTA to resolve this controversy. Skin biopsies from five female patients (mean age 29.4 years, age range 16–45 years) diagnosed with LTA were immunostained for CD3, CD20, CD68, lysozyme, myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen, myeloperoxidase, and PU.1. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the majority of mononuclear cells in all five cases were not lymphocytes but myelomonocy tic cells. Given that the infiltrating cells are of the myelomonocyte lineage including immature myeloid cells, PAN was deemed the more appropriate diagnosis for the five cases r...
Source: Virchows Archiv - March 24, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
A case of vasculogenic mesenchymal tumor in the mediastinum: whole-exome sequencing reveals origin from pre-existing germ cell tumor
AbstractVasculogenic mesenchymal tumor (VMT), a primitive mesenchymal neoplasm enriched by various-sized atypical vessels, is a new entity that develops in mediastinal germ cell tumors (GCTs) with yolk sac tumor (YST) components after chemotherapy. Notably, patients with VMT in the residual GCT have increased risk of developing sarcomas or hematopoietic malignancies. Here, we report a late-teenage male patient with residual teratoma and high-grade VMT after chemotherapy for a mediastinal mixed GCT, including YST. Whole-exome sequencing revealed biallelic inactivation ofTP53 and extensive copy number alterations that sugges...
Source: Virchows Archiv - March 21, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Hypoxia-induced autophagy in triple negative breast cancer: association with prognostic variables, patients ’ survival and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy
This study investigated the prognostic importance of HIF-1 α and miR-210 in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Also, we studied the relation between beclin-1 and Bcl-2 and their prognostic relevance in triple negative breast cancer. Furthermore, the involvement of hypoxia-related markers, beclin-1 and Bcl-2 in mediating resistance to neoadjuvant chemoth erapy (NACT) in TNBC was evaluated. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate HIF-1α, beclin-1 and Bcl-2 expression whereas, miR-210 mRNA was detected by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (q-PCR) in 60 TNBC patients. High HIF-1α expression was related to lar...
Source: Virchows Archiv - March 20, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Uncommon invasive lobular carcinoma with papillary architecture —clinicopathologic and molecular characterization with review of the literature
AbstractBreast cancer is the most common malignancy in woman, and its associated mortality is still rising worldwide. Among all the different subtypes of breast cancer, invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the second most frequent. Several histological variants of ILC currently exist such as solid, alveolar, pleomorphic, tubulo-lobular, and mixed types. Recently, a new variant of ILC with a papillary growth pattern has been described. Here, we make a review of the literature and report the sixth case of a woman suffering from this very uncommon variant. Of note, she had a concomitant axillary lymph node metastasis, a manife...
Source: Virchows Archiv - March 16, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
In this issue
(Source: Virchows Archiv)
Source: Virchows Archiv - March 14, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Genetically determined cardiomyopathies at autopsy: the pivotal role of the pathologist in establishing the diagnosis and guiding family screening
AbstractCardiomyopathies (CMP) comprise a heterogenous group of diseases affecting primarily the myocardium, either genetic and/or acquired in origin. While many classification systems have been proposed in the clinical setting, there is no internationally agreed pathological consensus concerning the diagnostic approach to inherited CMP at autopsy. A document on autopsy diagnosis of CMP is needed because the complexity of the pathologic backgrounds requires proper insight and expertise. In cases presenting with cardiac hypertrophy and/or dilatation/scarring with normal coronary arteries, a suspicion of inherited CMP must b...
Source: Virchows Archiv - March 10, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Molecular comparison of concurrent components of high-grade dysplasia, adenocarcinoma, and sarcomatoid carcinoma in a case of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the gallbladder
AbstractDetailed genetic and immunohistochemical features of a sarcomatoid carcinoma of the gallbladder were reported. Studied was a resected gallbladder tumor involving the transverse colon, which was consisted of 3 histopathological neoplastic components, i.e., high-grade dysplasia, adenocarcinoma, and sarcomatoid carcinoma. The targeted amplicon sequencing showed somatic mutations inTP53 (p.S90fs) andARID1A (c.4993 + 1G > T) in all of the 3 components. Copy numbers ofCDKN2A andSMAD4 were decreased in the adenocarcinoma and the sarcomatoid component. Immunohistochemistry showed loss of expression of p53 and ...
Source: Virchows Archiv - March 9, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Immune evasion phenotype is common in Richter transformation diffuse large B-cell lymphoma variant
AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (PD-1 inhibitors) have shown clinical activity in Richter transformation-diffuse large B-cell lymphoma variant (RT-DLBCL), thus providing for a novel therapeutic approach. The study group consists of 64 patients with RT-DLBCL. Expression of PD-1, PD-L1, CD30, and microsatellite instability (MSI) status (hMLH1, hMSH2, hMSH6, PMS1) was assessed using immunohistochemistry. EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) was evaluated using colorimetric in situ hybridization. PD-1 and PD-L1 expression levels were categorized on the basis of tumor cell expression as follows: negative (< 5%), positive to low-posit...
Source: Virchows Archiv - March 3, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the breast: diagnostic confusion and future perspectives
(Source: Virchows Archiv)
Source: Virchows Archiv - March 2, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma of the ovary with squamoid morular metaplasia, aberrant β-catenin expression, and concurrent FGFR2 and CTNNB1 mutations: a case report
AbstractIn general, endometrioid-defining features such as squamoid morular metaplasia are not thought to be associated with mesonephric adenocarcinoma (MA) and mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma (MLA). Here, we report a case ofFGFR2-mutated ovarian MLA with squamoid morular metaplasia accompanied by aberrant nuclear and cytoplasmic β-catenin expression andCTNNB1 mutation. Histologically, the tumor showed classical MLA histology, including well-formed glands with intraluminal eosinophilic secretions and cells with papillary thyroid carcinoma-like nuclei. Squamoid morular metaplasia was intimately associated with the tumor. G...
Source: Virchows Archiv - March 1, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Bystander CD8 + T cells may be involved in the acute phase of diffuse alveolar damage
This study aimed to determine whether bystander CD8 is involved in DAD. Twenty-three consecutive auto psy specimens were retrieved from patients with DAD, and the phenotypes of infiltrating lymphocytes in the DAD lesions were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. In most cases, the number of CD8 + T cells was higher than that of CD4 + T cells, and many GrB + cells were also observed. How ever, the number of CD25 + and PD-1 + cells was low. We conclude that bystander CD8 + T cells may be involved in cell injury during the development of DAD. (Source: Virchows Archiv)
Source: Virchows Archiv - February 27, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Prognostic significance and immune correlates of FADD in penile squamous cell carcinoma
In this study, we set out to investigate the clinical features of FADD and the prognostic impact of PSCC. Additionally, we also assessed the role of affecting the immune environment in PSCC. Immunohistochemistry was carried out to evaluate the protein expression of FADD. The difference between FADDhigh and FADDlow was explored by RNA sequencing from available cases. The immune environment evaluation of CD4, CD8, and Foxp3 was performed by immunohistochemical. In this study, we found that FADD was overexpressed in 19.6 (39/199) patients, and the overexpression of FADD was associated with phimosis (p=0.007), N stage (p<0....
Source: Virchows Archiv - February 23, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
The devil is in the details: a small-lesion sensitive weakly supervised learning framework for prostate cancer detection and grading
AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is a significant health concern in aging males, and the diagnosis depends primarily on histopathological assessments to determine tumor size and Gleason score. This process is highly time-consuming, subjective, and relies on the extensive experience of the pathologists. Deep learning based artificial intelligence shows an ability to match pathologists on many prostate cancer diagnostic scenarios. However, it is easy to make mistakes on some hard cases with small tumor areas considering the extensively high-resolution of whole slide images (WSIs). The absence of fine-grained and large-scale ann...
Source: Virchows Archiv - February 23, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
