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History Page: Leaders in MSK Radiology Hans Jessen Panner, 1871 –1930
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 186-188 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730325This history page in the series “Leaders in MSK Radiology” is dedicated to the memory and achievements of the Danish radiologist Hans Jessen Panner, whose name is connected to the medical eponym Panner's disease. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Vanhoenacker, Filip M. Skjennald, Arnulf Tags: History Page Source Type: research

History Page: Leaders in MSK Radiology Karl Dussik, 1908 –1968: Pioneer of MSK Ultrasonography
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 184-185 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1722207This history page in the series “Leaders in MSK Radiology” is dedicated to the memory and achievements of Karl Theodore Dussik, the Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist from the University of Vienna who is recognized as the pioneer of ultrasonography. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Sudo ł-Szopińska, Iwona Martinoli, Carlo Panas-Goworska, Marta Tags: History Page Source Type: research

Musculoskeletal Interventional Radiology in the Pediatric Population: State of the Art
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 176-183 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730326Interventional radiology procedures have been proven to be as effective as traditional surgery but usually are characterized by lower morbidity rates. In this article, the most diffuse IR treatments for pediatric lesions are reviewed with the aim of describing main advantages and drawbacks. Ablation procedures (in particular RFA and MRgFUS) are widely used for the management of osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma whereas intracystic injection of methylprednisolone acetate is performed for simple bone cysts. Sclerosing agents and where possible, selective...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Arrigoni, Francesco Izzo, Antonio Bruno, Federico Palumbo, Pierpaolo De Filippo, Massimo Zugaro, Luigi Masciocchi, Carlo Barile, Antonio Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Updates and Advances: Pediatric Musculoskeletal Infection Imaging Made Easier for Radiologists and Clinicians
This article reviews an up-to-date practical imaging techniques, the differences between pediatric and adult MSK infections, the spectrum of pediatric MSK infections, and mimics of pediatric MSK infections encountered in daily clinical practice by radiologists and clinicians. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Furman, Michael S. Restrepo, Ricardo Kritsaneepaiboon, Supika Laya, Bernard F. Plut, Domen Lee, Edward Y. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Preoperative and Postoperative Imaging in Idiopathic Scoliosis: What the Surgeon Wants to Know
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 155-166 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1724018The term idiopathic scoliosis covers a broad spectrum of spinal deformities in the pediatric population without an underlying congenital anomaly of the spine. Depending on the age of presentation, it has both characteristic clinical and imaging features and a different prognosis. The radiologist should provide the surgeon with critical information to assess the degree of deformity and eventually plan surgery. Thoracic deformities and lung volume must also be part of the preoperative assessment. Imaging has a critical role in postsurgical follow-up and ...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Guglielmi, Riccardo Di Chio, Teresa Kaleeta Maalu, Jean-Paul Aparisi G ómez, Maria Pilar De Leucio, Alessandro Simoni, Paolo Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

The Pediatric Spine
We report the main normal variants and pathologies of the pediatric spine, from the prenatal period to adolescence, focusing on a multimodality imaging approach. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Colafati, Giovanna Stefania Marrazzo, Antonio Cirillo, Marco d'Angelo, Paola Barbuti, Domenico Tanturri de Horatio, Laura Tom à, Paolo Bartoloni, Alessandra Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Imaging of Pediatric Lower Limb Sports Injuries
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 123-136 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1725076The importance of physical activity during childhood and adolescence has come to light, with an increase in sports-related acute traumatic and overuse injuries as a major disadvantage. A solid understanding of the physiology of the growing skeleton, together with knowledge about age- and sex-related differences in the occurrence of acute traumatic and overuse injuries is necessary. Every musculoskeletal radiologist should also be familiar with the appearances of these injuries on different imaging modalities. This review focuses on all these aspects co...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Weil, Nikki Hemke, Robert Reurink, Guus Maas, Mario Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Pediatric Musculoskeletal Trauma: Upper Limb
This article discusses normal skeletal development and the pathomechanics of skeletal injuries in pediatric patients. It also outlines a framework for imaging as it pertains to the pediatric upper extremity, with specific emphasis on acute and chronic injuries to the shoulder, elbow, forearm, and wrist. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Restrepo, Ricardo Cervantes, Luisa Fernanda Zahrah, David Schoenleber, Scott Lee, Edward Y. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Metabolic Bone Diseases in the Pediatric Population
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 094-104 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1722566Bone plays an important role in regulating mineral balance in response to physiologic needs. In addition, bone is subject to a continuous remodeling process to maintain healthy bone mass and growth. Metabolic bone diseases are a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by abnormalities of bone mass, mineral structure homeostasis, bone turnover, or bone growth. In pediatrics, several significant advances have been made in recent years in the diagnosis of metabolic bone diseases (e.g., osteogenesis imperfecta, hyperparathyroidism, rickets, renal osteodystr...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Testini, Valentina Eusebi, Laura Tupputi, Umberto Carpagnano, Francesca Anna Bartelli, Francesco Guglielmi, Giuseppe Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

MR Imaging of Rheumatic Diseases Affecting the Pediatric Population
This article reviews the application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to pediatric rheumatic diseases. MRI can detect early manifestations of arthritis, evaluate the extent of disease, and monitor disease activity and response to treatment.Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common pediatric rheumatic disorder, representing a diverse group of related diseases that share a definition of joint inflammation of unknown origin with onset before 16 years of age and lasting > 6 weeks. JIA may lead to significant functional impairment and is increasingly imaged with MRI to assess for active inflammation as a ...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Schiettecatte, Eva Jans, Lennart Jaremko, Jacob Lester Chen, Min Vande Walle, Caroline Herregods, Nele Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Conventional Radiography and Ultrasound Imaging of Rheumatic Diseases Affecting the Pediatric Population
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 068-081 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1726014Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is the most frequent rheumatic disease in the pediatric population, followed by systemic lupus erythematosus, juvenile scleroderma syndromes, juvenile dermatomyositis, chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis, and juvenile vasculopathies. The imaging approach to inflammatory connective tissue diseases in childhood has not changed dramatically over the last decade, with radiographs still the leading method for bony pathology assessment, disease monitoring, and evaluation of growth disturbances. Ultrasonography is commonly...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Praco ń, Grzegorz Aparisi G ómez, Maria Pilar Simoni, Paolo Gietka, Piotr Sudo ł-Szopińska, Iwona Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Imaging of Pediatric Bone Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 057-067 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1723965Bone lesions are commonly seen when reporting pediatric skeletal imaging. Distinguishing aggressive from nonaggressive lesions is essential in making the diagnosis. Not all aggressive lesions are neoplastic; indeed, osteomyelitis frequently presents with aggressive appearances and is far more commonly seen in the pediatric population than neoplastic lesions. In this article, we discuss an approach for the diagnosis of pediatric bone tumors and tumor-like conditions. The most common pediatric benign and malignant bone tumors are discussed in more detail...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Al-Qassab, Sinan Lalam, Radhesh Botchu, Rajesh Bazzocchi, Alberto Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Imaging of Pediatric Soft Tissue Tumors and Tumor-like Conditions
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 039-056 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1723966Lumps and bumps are frequently seen in children, and the vast majority are a result of trauma, infection, or inflammation. True soft tissue neoplastic lesions are rare; however, their wide and complex classifications make these lesions challenging to manage. Imaging features are usually nonspecific, and a reasonable list of differential diagnoses can be generated following consideration of the clinical presentation, age, and anatomical location of the lesion. In this article, we offer a practical approach to diagnosing such lesions by discussing the mo...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Al-Qassab, Sinan Lalam, Radhesh Botchu, Rajesh Bazzocchi, Alberto Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Imaging of Congenital Skeletal Disorders
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 022-038 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1723964Osteochondrodysplasias are the result of the expression of gene mutations. The phenotypes in osteochondrodysplasias evolve through life, with the possibility that previously unaffected bones may be involved at later stages of growth. Due to the variable time of onset, the diagnosis may be made prenatally, at birth, or later. Certainty in the diagnosis is sometimes only achieved as the patient matures and the disease evolves. Radiographic evaluation is a fundamental part of the diagnostic work-up of congenital skeletal disorders and in most cases the fi...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Aparisi G ómez, Maria Pilar Trisolino, Giovanni Sangiorgi, Luca Guglielmi, Giuseppe Bazzocchi, Alberto Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Anatomical Considerations of Embryology and Development of the Musculoskeletal System: Basic Notions for Musculoskeletal Radiologists
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25: 003-021 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1723005The musculoskeletal (MSK) system begins to form in the third week of intrauterine development. Multiple genes are involved in the complex different processes to form the skeleton, muscles and joints. The embryonic period, from the third to the eighth week of development, is critical for normal development and therefore the time when most structural defects are induced. Many of these defects have a genetic origin, but environmental factors may also play a very important role. This review summarizes the embryology of the different components of the MSK s...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Aparisi G ómez, Maria Pilar Watkin, Sheryl Perry, David Simoni, Paolo Trisolino, Giovanni Bazzocchi, Alberto Tags: Review Article Source Type: research